本文選題：體格發(fā)育 + 體能發(fā)育�。� 參考：《廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：[目的]通過對廣西1991-2010年5次學(xué)生體質(zhì)與健康調(diào)研中7-18歲漢、壯族學(xué)生監(jiān)測資料的分析,探索廣西漢、壯族7-18歲學(xué)生20年來體格發(fā)育指標(biāo)、體能發(fā)育指標(biāo)及派生指標(biāo)的變化情況和變化規(guī)律,掌握其變化趨勢,為今后的研究、制定干預(yù)方案提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 [方法]收集1991年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年5次全國學(xué)生體質(zhì)與健康調(diào)研中廣西漢、壯族7-18歲學(xué)生的調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),按民族、性別、年齡分組,分別計算歷年各個指標(biāo)的增幅,比較不同時間段、不同民族各指標(biāo)的增幅差異,分析歷年增幅的動態(tài)變化；并以BMI指數(shù)(Body Mass Index)的篩查標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分析漢、壯族學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)狀況。納入分析的體格發(fā)育指標(biāo)包括身高、體重、胸圍；體能發(fā)育指標(biāo)包括肺活量、50M跑、立定跳遠(yuǎn)、坐位體前屈、斜身引體(7-12歲男生)或引體向上(13-18歲男生)、一分鐘仰臥起坐(女生)、50×8往返跑(7-12歲學(xué)生)、1000M跑(13-18歲男生)或800M跑(13-18歲女生),以及派生指標(biāo)包括BMI指數(shù)、肺活量指數(shù)。 [結(jié)果] 1體格發(fā)育指標(biāo) (1)廣西漢、壯族學(xué)生的體格發(fā)育符合生長發(fā)育的一般規(guī)律,各指標(biāo)的均值隨年齡的增長而增長。2010年調(diào)研結(jié)果與1991年相比,漢、壯族男生身高的平均增幅依次為4.75cm、2.16cm,女生依次為3.64cm、2.04cm。漢、壯族男生體重的平均增幅依次為5.65kg、2.74kg,女生依次為3.64kg、2.28kg.漢、壯族男生胸圍的平均增幅依次為2.82cm、-1.37cm,女生依次為2.97cm、1.21cm。 (2)各體格發(fā)育指標(biāo)總體呈增長趨勢,漢族的增長幅度均大于壯族。而在前后十年的比較中,壯族學(xué)生身高、體重的增幅表現(xiàn)為后十年大于前十年,漢族學(xué)生則無差異。 (3)各指標(biāo)歷年的最大增幅年齡波動較大,身高波動在8-13歲之間,體重波動在9-17歲之間,胸圍波動在10-17歲之間。 2體能發(fā)育指標(biāo) (1)機(jī)能素質(zhì)指標(biāo)絕大部分都下降,漢族男生的斜身引體,漢、壯族女生的坐位體前屈除外。壯族學(xué)生的大部分指標(biāo)的降幅大于漢族,男生的坐位體前屈、引體向上、1000米跑,女生的坐位體前屈、800米跑除外。 (2)2010年,漢族學(xué)生的肺活量、耐力素質(zhì)出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn),漢族男生的腹部肌群力量也開始出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)；壯族學(xué)生未出現(xiàn)相似情形。 (3)肺活量、腹部肌群力量、耐力素質(zhì)的逆轉(zhuǎn)幅度表現(xiàn)為小學(xué)生好于中學(xué)生,壯族男生的腹部肌群力量變化情況則相反。 3派生指標(biāo) (1)BMI指數(shù)20年來均在正常值范圍內(nèi),且不斷上升,漢族男生的增幅大于壯族男生。2010年與1991年相比,漢、壯族學(xué)生消瘦的總檢出率下降,而超重肥胖的總檢出率上升。 (2)肺活量指數(shù)20年來漢、壯族男生的平均降幅依次為8.24、14.56,女生依次為8.18、14.93。壯族的降幅大于漢族,中學(xué)生的降幅大于小學(xué)生。 [結(jié)論]廣西漢、壯族學(xué)生的體格發(fā)育趨勢良好,正處于生長發(fā)育長期趨勢的增長期,但營養(yǎng)不良的情況較為突出。體能發(fā)育水平與體格發(fā)育水平不協(xié)調(diào),漢、壯族學(xué)生的體能發(fā)育水平不隨體格發(fā)育各個指標(biāo)的增長而增長,反而出現(xiàn)下降的趨勢。漢族學(xué)生的體格發(fā)育水平、營養(yǎng)水平、體能發(fā)育水平均優(yōu)于壯族。應(yīng)進(jìn)一步采取措施提高學(xué)生的體育鍛煉水平和運(yùn)動量,盡快逆轉(zhuǎn)體能發(fā)育水平,并對兒童生長發(fā)育的民族差異性進(jìn)行深入研究,促進(jìn)全區(qū)各族兒童少年體質(zhì)健康水平的均衡發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:[Objective] through the analysis of the monitoring data of the students of 7-18 years old and Zhuang Nationality in the 5 students' physical and health survey of Guangxi in 1991-2010 years, we explored the physical development indexes, the changes and the changing rules of the physical development index and derived indexes for the 7-18 year old students of the Zhuang Nationality in the past 20 years in Guangxi and the Zhuang nationality for 20 years. Provide a scientific basis.
[Methods] to collect the survey data of Guangxi Han and Zhuang 7-18 year old students of the 5 national students in 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010. According to the data of the 7-18 year old students of Zhuang nationality and Zhuang nationality, according to the national, gender and age groups, the growth of each index in the past year was calculated respectively, and the difference in the growth of different national indexes was compared in different time periods, and the dynamic changes of the year's increase were analyzed. And using the BMI index (Body Mass Index) screening criteria to analyze the nutritional status of Han and Zhuang students. The physical development indicators included in the analysis include height, weight, chest circumference, physical development indicators including vital capacity, 50M run, standing long jump, sitting body forward flexion, oblique body (7-12 year old boys) or upwards (13-18 year old boys), one minute supine Sit up (female), 50 x 8 round-trip (7-12 year old student), 1000M run (13-18 year old boy) or 800M run (13-18 year old girl), and derived indicators including BMI index and vital capacity index.
[results]
1 physique development index
(1) the physical development of the Zhuang Students in Guangxi is in accordance with the general rule of growth and development. The average increase of the average value of each index increases with the age of.2010. Compared with 1991, the average increase of the height of the male boys is 4.75cm, 2.16cm, and the female students in turn are 3.64cm and 2.04cm., and the average increase of the weight of male boys is 5.65kg, 2. .74kg, girls in turn were 3.64kg, 2.28kg. Han, Zhuang boys, the average increase in chest circumference was 2.82cm, -1.37cm, and girls in turn were 2.97cm, 1.21cm..
(2) the growth trend of the body development index is overall, the increase of the Han nationality is greater than that of the Zhuang nationality. In the ten year comparison, the growth of the height and weight of the Zhuang students is more than the first ten years in the last ten years, and the Han students have no difference.
(3) the largest increase in the age of each index fluctuated over the years. The height fluctuation was between 8-13 years old. The body weight fluctuated between 9-17 years old, and the chest circumference fluctuated between 10-17 years old.
2 physical development index
(1) most of the indicators of functional quality have fallen, except for the inclined body of the Han boys, the Han, and the Zhuang girls' sitting body. Most of the Zhuang Students' decline is larger than the Han, the boy's sitting body, the introduction, the 1000 meters, the girl's sitting body, the 800 meter run.
(2) in 2010, the vital capacity and endurance quality of the Han students improved, and the strength of the abdominal muscles of the Han boys began to improve; the students of the Zhuang nationality did not appear similar.
(3) the amplitude of vital capacity, abdominal muscle strength and endurance quality of pupils is better than that of middle school students.
3 derivative index
(1) the BMI index has been in the normal range for 20 years and continues to rise. The increase of Han boys is greater than that of the Zhuang boys in the year of.2010 and 1991. The total detection rate of emaciation of the Zhuang students is decreased, and the total detection rate of overweight and obesity is rising.
(2) in the period of 20 years in the lung capacity index, the average decline of male students in Zhuang nationality was 8.24,14.56 in turn, and the decline of female students in turn was greater than that of the Han nationality, and the decline of middle school students was greater than that of the primary school students.
[Conclusion] the physical development trend of the Zhuang Students in Guangxi is good and is in the growth period of long-term growth and development, but the situation of malnutrition is more prominent. The level of physical development is not coordinated with the level of physical development. The physical development level of the Han and Zhuang students does not increase with the growth of the various indexes of physical development, but decreases. Trend. The physical development level, nutrition level and physical development level of the Han students are superior to those of the Zhuang nationality. Measures should be taken to improve the level of physical exercise and exercise of students, reverse the level of physical development as soon as possible, and study the national differences of children's growth and development to promote the health level of children and children of all ethnic groups in the whole region. A balanced development.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R179

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