發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-04 16:27

  本文選題：甲醛 + 職業(yè)暴露　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：探討甲醛暴露對(duì)某化工廠工人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞微核率的影響。 方法：選擇某化工廠有代表性的車間,使用手持甲醛測(cè)試儀測(cè)定空氣甲醛濃度。應(yīng)用橫斷面調(diào)查的方法,統(tǒng)計(jì)甲醛對(duì)工人的自覺(jué)癥狀、情緒的影響狀況。采集工人外周靜脈血,檢測(cè)基本生化指標(biāo),并用酶聯(lián)免疫分析法測(cè)定內(nèi)暴露標(biāo)志物血清甲醛-白蛋白加合物(FA-HSA)的含量,根據(jù)內(nèi)暴露標(biāo)志物的三分位數(shù)將人群分為低、中、高水平3個(gè)接觸組,用胞質(zhì)分裂阻滯法微核試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)外周血淋巴細(xì)胞遺傳物質(zhì)的損傷情況。 結(jié)果：甲醛接觸車間的平均空氣甲醛含量為2.53±2.17mg/m3,而在對(duì)照環(huán)境中空氣甲醛含量小于0.3mg/m3。自覺(jué)癥和個(gè)人情緒方面,甲醛接觸組工人反映有更多的流淚、流涕、疲乏無(wú)力、記憶力減退。外周靜脈血生化指標(biāo)檢測(cè)顯示,甲醛對(duì)職業(yè)接觸工人的總蛋白、球蛋白及A/G差異均有顯著影響。甲醛接觸工人與對(duì)照組工人血清中FA-HSA平均水平分別為(204±103.2)、(29.3±8.3)pg/ml,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。甲醛暴露組工人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞的雙核淋巴細(xì)胞微核率(MNF)為(2.09±0.63‰)、微核細(xì)胞率(MNCF)為(1.89±0.63‰)與正常對(duì)照組MNF(0.82±0.32‰)、MNCF(0.83±0.21‰)相比,有顯著差異(P0.01)。低、中、高甲醛累積接觸工人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞MNF分別為1.36±1.36‰、2.11±1.41‰和2.49±1.92‰,且MNF的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。并且甲醛暴露工人的MNF、MNCF與工齡呈一定相關(guān)性。 結(jié)論：甲醛暴露不僅對(duì)工人自覺(jué)癥及外周血生化指標(biāo)有顯著影響,而且可以顯著提高接觸工人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞的微核率。而相比于檢測(cè)FA-HSA含量的方法,應(yīng)用胞質(zhì)分裂阻滯微核法也可以進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單、快速、經(jīng)濟(jì)的檢測(cè),作為一種甲醛接觸早期健康損害的敏感指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effect of formaldehyde exposure on the micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers in a chemical factory. Methods: a representative workshop of a chemical plant was selected and the formaldehyde concentration in air was determined by handheld formaldehyde tester. The effect of formaldehyde on conscious symptoms and mood of workers was analyzed by cross-sectional investigation. The peripheral venous blood of workers was collected, the basic biochemical indexes were detected, and the contents of serum formaldehyde albumin adducts (FA-HSAs) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The populations were divided into low and middle groups according to the three-position number of internal exposure markers. The damage of genetic material in peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by micronucleus test with cytokinesis block method in three exposed groups at high level. Results: the average formaldehyde content in air was 2.53 鹵2.17 mg / m ~ (3) in the exposed workshop, but was less than 0.3 mg / m ~ (3) in the control environment. In terms of self-consciousness and personal emotion, formaldehyde exposed workers reported more tears, runny, fatigue, and memory loss. The biochemical indexes of peripheral vein blood showed that formaldehyde had a significant effect on the total protein, globulin and A- / G difference in occupational workers. The average level of serum FA-HSA in formaldehyde exposed workers and control workers was 29.3 鹵8.3 渭 g / ml, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). The micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in formaldehyde exposed workers were 2.09 鹵0.63 鈥，

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