本文選題：母乳 + 營(yíng)養(yǎng)素��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：母乳被譽(yù)為白色血液,含有豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)素及生物活性物質(zhì),對(duì)于嬰兒的早期成長(zhǎng)具有十分重要的意義。中國(guó)尚沒(méi)有大樣本系統(tǒng)地研究母乳中組成成分的文章。本課題旨在研究不同哺乳期的母乳中(初乳、過(guò)渡乳及成熟乳)的主要營(yíng)養(yǎng)素及生物活性因子的含量組成,結(jié)合膳食數(shù)據(jù)研究哺乳期母親膳食攝入對(duì)母乳中營(yíng)養(yǎng)組成的影響。借助代謝組學(xué)技術(shù),探究不同哺乳期乳汁中的代謝物的差異。母乳樣本來(lái)源于中國(guó)的三個(gè)典型城市,杭州(沿海地區(qū)),北京(中部地區(qū))以及蘭州(內(nèi)陸地區(qū)),分別在每個(gè)區(qū)域征集產(chǎn)婦100名,取母乳樣本共300個(gè)。隨著哺乳期的變化,乳糖含量、維生素B1,B2以及B6呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì),而總蛋白、α-乳白蛋白、α-生育酚、視黃醇、牛磺酸、肉堿、乙酰肉堿以及生長(zhǎng)因子EGF的含量呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)。β-酪蛋白以及維生素B3、B5的含量在過(guò)渡乳中含量最高,而膽堿的含量在過(guò)渡乳中含量最低。脂肪酸中,長(zhǎng)鏈n-6PUFA,包括C20:2n-6、C20:3n-6、C20:4n-6、C22:2n-6 以及 C22:5n-6 組成比例不斷降低,而 C18:2n-6 以及C18:3n-6并沒(méi)有顯著變化。相類似,n-3PUFA,包括C22:6n-3、C20:5n-3以及C22:5n-3在初乳中最高,而C18:3n-3卻在初乳中最低。氨基酸含量隨著哺乳期的變化逐漸下降。母乳中的乳糖含量和母親在哺乳期間的乳制品攝入量存在顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,哺乳期內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)的攝入能夠提高母乳中的α-乳白蛋白以及β-酪蛋白的表達(dá)水平。本研究依托UPLC-QTOF-MS技術(shù),對(duì)母乳不同哺乳期乳汁中的代謝物進(jìn)行了代謝組學(xué)研究。根據(jù)Loading圖結(jié)果以及VIP10的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),排除了部分背景離子后,篩選出 16 個(gè)差異代謝物:MG(18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0/0:0),9-peroxy-5Z,7E,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoate,capsiamide,octadecanamide,lysyl-Alanine,thromboxane A2,dihydroretrofractamide B,1,3-Diacetoxy-4,-6,12-tetradecatriene-8,10-diyne,oleamide,2,4,14-Eicosatrienoic acid isobutylamide,(±)11(12)-EET Ethanolamide,Valyl-Lysine,Palmitic amide,12,15-epoxy-13-methyleicosa-12,14-dienoic acid,8(R)-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid,alpha-Linolenoyl ethanolamide。主要是氨基酸以及脂肪酸的衍生物及酰胺類物質(zhì)。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),相比于過(guò)渡乳以及成熟乳,篩選出的16種物質(zhì)均在初乳中含量最低。
[Abstract]:Breast milk, known as white blood, is rich in nutrients and bioactive substances, which is of great significance to the early growth of infants. There is no large sample of systematic studies on the composition of breast milk in China. The aim of this study was to study the contents of main nutrients and bioactive factors in breast milk (colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk) in different lactation periods, and to study the effect of dietary intake on the nutritional composition of breast milk by combining dietary data. By means of metabonomics, the differences of metabolites in milk during different lactation periods were explored. Breast milk samples were collected from three typical cities in China, Hangzhou (coastal area), Beijing (central region) and Lanzhou (inland area). Lactose content, vitamin B _ 1, B _ 2 and B _ 6 increased with lactation, while total protein, 偽 -lactocin, 偽 -tocopherol, retinol, taurine, carnitine, The contents of acetyl carnitine and growth factor EGF showed a downward trend. The contents of 尾 -casein and vitamin B _ 3N _ 5 were the highest in the transition milk, but the content of choline was the lowest in the transition milk. In fatty acids, the proportion of long chain n-6 PUFAs, including C20: 2n-6C20: 3n-6, C20: 4n-6, C22: 2n-6, and the proportion of C22:5n-6 components decreased, but C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-6 did not change significantly. Similar to n-3 PUFAA, C22: 6n-3C20: 5n-3 and C22:5n-3 were the highest in colostrum, while C18:3n-3 was the lowest in colostrum. The content of amino acids decreased with lactation. There was a significant negative correlation between lactose content in breast milk and milk intake during lactation. Protein intake during lactation could increase the expression of 偽 -lactoalbumin and 尾 -casein in breast milk. Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS technique, metabolites in breast milk during different lactation periods were studied in this study. 鏍規(guī)嵁Loading鍥劇粨鏋滀互鍙?qiáng)VIP10鐨勬爣鍑，

本文編號(hào)：1796256