發(fā)布時間：2018-04-22 06:31

  本文選題：職業(yè)衛(wèi)生 + 基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)　； 參考：《中南大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解現(xiàn)階段寶安區(qū)沙井街道基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的情況,為進一步做好轄區(qū)內(nèi)職業(yè)病防制工作和完善基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)提供參考。 方法：深圳市寶安區(qū)沙井街道作為全國65個基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)試點縣(區(qū)),于2011年7月-10月進行了全國職業(yè)健康狀況重點調(diào)查。調(diào)查內(nèi)容主要為轄區(qū)內(nèi)職業(yè)危害情況、用人單位的職業(yè)健康監(jiān)護及職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理情況等。本研究選取沙井街道現(xiàn)有的381家存在職業(yè)病危害企業(yè)及企業(yè)內(nèi)接觸職業(yè)病危害因素的勞動者作為研究對象。采用構(gòu)成比、頻率等指標描述深圳市寶安區(qū)沙井街道基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀,并進行統(tǒng)計分析。兩組或多組資料的構(gòu)成比和率的比較采用χ2檢驗進行統(tǒng)計推斷,如無特殊說明,檢驗水準α=0.05,采用SPSS13.0完成所有的統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果： 1.沙井街道存在職業(yè)病危害的企業(yè)有381個(占企業(yè)總數(shù)15。57%),職工總數(shù)約23.07萬。其中大、中、小型企業(yè)分別為25個、154個、202個,涉及的行業(yè)主要有電子、塑膠、五金、印刷等,主要的職業(yè)病危害因素為苯系物、正己烷、三氯乙烯、噪聲、粉塵、強酸強堿等。 2.職業(yè)病危害因素應(yīng)監(jiān)測點數(shù)為2626個,實際監(jiān)測點2626個,監(jiān)測率為100%,監(jiān)測合格率為78.75%,其中大規(guī)模企業(yè)的合格率最高。 3.上崗前、在崗期間、離崗時的體檢率分別為97.33%、92.12%、78.93%,職業(yè)禁忌證檢出率分別為1.09%、1.23%、0.05%,疑似職業(yè)病的檢出率分別為0.09%、0.39%和0.35%、確診的職業(yè)病[46]檢出率為0.00%、0.05%、0.00%。 4.企業(yè)中職業(yè)人員勞動合同的簽訂率和工傷保險的參保率分別為99.74%和99.59%。89.23%的企業(yè)勞動合同中包含了勞動條件和職業(yè)病危害防護內(nèi)容。 5.73.75%的企業(yè)建立了職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理制度,有69.55%的企業(yè)設(shè)置或指定了職業(yè)衛(wèi)生部門,且80.31%的企業(yè)配置了專職或兼職的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理人員,93.96%的企業(yè)制定了職業(yè)衛(wèi)生教育和培訓計劃。 6.個人防護用品發(fā)放和使用制度的建立比例最高(94.23%),職業(yè)病危害防護措施管理制度(79.29%)和職業(yè)健康檢查制度(77.69%)的建立比例次之。 7.此外,有90.29%的企業(yè)對存在或產(chǎn)生職業(yè)病危害因素的崗位設(shè)置了警示標示。 結(jié)論： 1.深圳市寶安區(qū)沙井街道開展的基本職業(yè)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)對預(yù)防和控制職業(yè)危害起到了作用。 2.轄區(qū)內(nèi)存在職業(yè)病危害的企業(yè)職業(yè)病危害因素監(jiān)測率及監(jiān)測合格率均較高,但噪聲危害企業(yè)的監(jiān)測還需加強。 3.接觸職業(yè)危害人員在崗期間以及離崗時的健康檢查工作還需要進一步的完善,尤其是噪聲和化學毒物接觸者。 4.用人單位應(yīng)加大企業(yè)內(nèi)職業(yè)衛(wèi)生部門的投入和加強職業(yè)衛(wèi)生人員的隊伍建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the situation of basic occupational health service in Shajing street in Baoan district at present so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of occupational disease and the improvement of basic occupational health service in Baoan district. Methods: the Shajing street in Baoan District of Shenzhen City was selected as a pilot county of 65 basic occupational health services in China. A national occupational health survey was conducted from July to October 2011. The contents of the investigation are occupational hazards, occupational health monitoring and occupational health management. In this study, 381 workers exposed to occupational disease hazards were selected as the research object. The present situation of basic occupational health service in Shajing street in Baoan District of Shenzhen City was described with the index of composition ratio and frequency, and the statistical analysis was carried out. The composition ratio and rate of two or more groups of data were compared by 蠂 ~ 2 test. If there was no special explanation, the test level was 0.05, and all the statistical analysis was done by SPSS13.0. Results: 1. There are 381 enterprises with occupational hazards in the streets of Shajing (accounting for 15. 57% of the total number of enterprises and about 230700 of the total number of workers and staff). Among them, large, medium and small enterprises are 25, 154 and 202, respectively. The main industries involved are electronics, plastics, hardware, printing and so on. The main occupational hazard factors are benzene series, n-hexane, trichloroethylene, noise, dust, strong acid and strong base and so on. 2. The number of occupational hazard factors should be 2626, the actual monitoring points 2626, the monitoring rate is 100, the qualified rate of monitoring is 78.75, among which the qualified rate of large-scale enterprises is the highest. 3. Before and during the post period, the physical examination rate was 97.33% and 92.12.2% and 78.93%, respectively. The detection rate of occupational contraindications was 1.091.230.05%, the detectable rate of suspected occupational diseases was 0.09% and 0.35%, and the positive rate of confirmed occupational diseases [46] was 0.000.05% and 0.005% respectively, and the detection rate of occupational diseases was 0.000. 05% and 0. 35% respectively, and the detectable rate of occupational contraindications was 0. 09% and 0. 35% respectively. 4. The employment contract signing rate and the employment injury insurance participation rate of the enterprise are 99.74% and 99.59% respectively. 89.23% of the enterprise labor contracts contain the contents of labor conditions and occupational disease hazards protection. 5.73.75% of the enterprises established the occupational health management system, 69.55% of the enterprises set up or designated the occupational health department, and 80.31% of the enterprises equipped with full-time or part-time occupational health management staff 93.96% of enterprises formulated occupational health education and training plans. 6. The establishment rate of the distribution and use system of personal protective articles is the highest (94.2310), the management system of occupational hazard protection measures (79.29) and the occupational health inspection system (77.69)). 7. In addition, 90.29% of enterprises have placed warning signs on the posts where occupational disease hazards exist or occur. Conclusion: 1. The basic occupational health service in Shajing street of Baoan District of Shenzhen has played an important role in preventing and controlling occupational hazards. 2. The monitoring rate and qualified rate of occupational disease hazard factors in enterprises with occupational disease hazards are high, but the monitoring of noise hazards enterprises should be strengthened. 3. Further improvement is needed for health examination of occupational hazards during and after departure, especially for those exposed to noise and chemical poisons. 4. The employer should increase the input of occupational health department and strengthen the construction of occupational health personnel.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R132

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