本文選題：身高 + 體重　； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的國內(nèi)外研究表明在過去的30年間，女孩青春期的出現(xiàn)的年齡呈提前的趨勢，隨著營養(yǎng)狀況的改善，肥胖率的上升是此趨勢提前的一個重要原因[1]。本研究調(diào)查蘇州城區(qū)6-12歲兒童發(fā)育狀況及探討青春發(fā)育與體脂肪的關(guān)系，體塊指數(shù)BM（I體重/身高2）是代表體脂肪的重要指標[2]，即研究青春期與BMI有無一定的相關(guān)性。 方法在2010年的10月至11月間進行，調(diào)查蘇州城區(qū)6-12歲的6759名健康男孩以及6135名健康女孩。發(fā)放調(diào)查表，由家長填寫出生日期，以及有無慢性系統(tǒng)性疾病，測量觀察對象的身高、體重，并記錄他們第二性征發(fā)育情況。在女孩，采用現(xiàn)況法（視診及觸診）獲取第二性征發(fā)育即乳房發(fā)育的數(shù)據(jù)，按Tanner分期標準進行評價；調(diào)查女孩是否初潮，回顧法調(diào)查初潮日期。在男孩，用睪丸計（Praderorchidometer）測定睪丸容積，以睪丸容積4ml作為青春期啟動的標志，即TannerII期，睪丸容積大于等于10ml記為睪丸TannerIII。采用幾率單位回歸法得到女孩乳房發(fā)育Tanner II（B2）和Tanner III（B3）、和男童睪丸發(fā)育TannerII呈現(xiàn)的平均年齡、及平均年齡95％可信區(qū)間（CI）。在探討青春發(fā)育與體塊指數(shù)的關(guān)系時，采用體塊指數(shù)的標準差的離差法（BMI Z評分），比較各個年齡段男孩或女孩青春期已啟動與未進入青春期的BMI Z評分的平均值，并將各個年齡組觀察對象分成正常組、超重組以及肥胖組，并比較各組已進入青春期的比例。 結(jié)果在此次調(diào)查有6134名健康女孩以及6749個健康男孩納入分析。本研究中女生肥胖患病率11.8%，男生肥胖患病率17.6%，肥胖總患病率14.9%。女孩乳房發(fā)育的B2及B3的平均年齡分別是10.19（95%CI:10.13~10.24）歲和10.83（95%CI:10.77~10.85）歲。睪丸發(fā)育的TannerII平均年齡是10.88（95%CI10.80~10.94）歲。在整個調(diào)查研究中，女童性早熟的比例為1.04%（乳房發(fā)育為特征為0.42%，月經(jīng)來潮為特征為0.62%），男童性早熟的比例為0.81%，總?cè)巳盒栽缡斓臋z出率為0.9%。女孩7-12歲組的已進入青春期的BMI Z評分較未發(fā)育組大，除7歲組外，各年齡組均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。在6-12歲的各個年齡組，肥胖和超重進入青春期比例均大于正常組，且超重組和正常組之間有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.001）。男孩8-12歲組的各個年齡組已進入青春期的BMI Z評分較未發(fā)育組的大，，其中8歲組、11歲組及12歲組的數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.001），9歲組及10歲組數(shù)據(jù)差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義，且正常組、超重組以及肥胖組進入青春期的比例沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)論6-11歲的各個年齡組，本研究的兒童身高及體重平均值均高于2005年全國體質(zhì)調(diào)查的相似人群，與2005-2006年上海城區(qū)相似人群接近，女孩青春期發(fā)育與體塊指數(shù)有一定的相關(guān)性，男孩青春發(fā)育與體塊指數(shù)的關(guān)系不確定。
[Abstract]:Objective in the past 30 years, the onset age of puberty of girls showed an early trend, and with the improvement of nutritional status, the increase of obesity rate was an important reason for this trend [1].This study investigated the developmental status of children aged 6 to 12 years in Suzhou City and explored the relationship between youth development and body fat. Body mass index (BM(I) weight / height 2) was an important indicator of body fat, that is to say, there was a certain correlation between puberty and BMI.Methods from October to November 2010, 6759 healthy boys and 6135 healthy girls aged 6 to 12 years were investigated in Suzhou City.Questionnaires were given to parents to fill out the date of birth and whether they had a chronic systemic disease. The height and weight of the subjects were measured and their secondary sexual development was recorded.In girls, the data of secondary sexual development or breast development were obtained by using the method of visual examination and palpation, and evaluated according to the Tanner staging criteria, and the dates of menarche were investigated by retrospective method in order to investigate whether the girls had menarche.In boys, testicular volume was measured by testicular count (4ml) and testicular volume (4ml) was used as a marker of puberty initiation, i.e., in TannerII stage, testicular volume greater than or equal to 10ml was recorded as testicular Tanner III.The mean age and 95% confidence interval of female breast development Tanner IIIB 2) and Tanner II I B 3, and male testicular TannerII were obtained by probabilistic unit regression method.In order to explore the relationship between puberty development and body mass index, the BMI Z scores of boys and girls of all ages were compared by using the deviation method of body mass index standard deviation to compare the average of BMI Z scores between boys and girls who had started puberty and did not enter puberty.Each age group was divided into normal group, hyperrecombination group and obesity group, and the proportion of puberty was compared among each group.Results 6134 healthy girls and 6 749 healthy boys were included in the study.In this study, the prevalence of obesity in female students was 11.8, the prevalence rate of obesity in boys was 17.6, and the total prevalence rate of obesity was 14.9%.The average age of B _ 2 and B _ 3 for breast development in girls was 10.19 / 95 CI: 10.13 / 10.24) and 10.83 / 95 / CI: 10.77 / 10.85 respectively.The average age of TannerII for testicular development was 10.8895 CI 10.80 10. 94).In the whole investigation, the proportion of girls with precocious puberty was 1.04 (the characteristic of breast development was 0.42), menstruation was 0.62%, the proportion of boys with precocious puberty was 0.81%, and the detection rate of sex precocious puberty in the whole population was 0.9%.The BMI Z scores of girls aged 7 to 12 were higher than those of undeveloped girls, except for 7 years old, all age groups had statistical significance.In each age group of 6-12 years, the proportion of obese and overweight reaching puberty was higher than that of normal group, and there was statistical significance between hyperrecombination and normal group (P 0.001).The BMI Z scores of boys in 8-12 years old group were higher than those in the undeveloped group. There was no significant difference in the data between the age group of 8 years old and the group of 12 years old. There was no significant difference between the age group of 9 years old and the group of 10 years old, and there was no significant difference in the normal group.There was no significant difference in the rate of puberty in the hyperrecombination and obesity groups.Conclusion the average height and weight of children aged 6 to 11 years in this study are higher than those of the similar population in the 2005 National physical Fitness Survey, and are close to the similar population in Shanghai from 2005 to 2006. There is a certain correlation between puberty development and body mass index in girls.The relationship between youth development and mass index in boys is uncertain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R153.2

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