本文選題：二甲苯　切入點(diǎn)：甲基馬尿酸　出處：《武漢科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景我國職業(yè)衛(wèi)生亟待解決的重要問題之一就是預(yù)防職業(yè)性二甲苯接觸損傷。為了保護(hù)勞動者的健康,歐美許多國家頒布了二甲苯的職業(yè)接觸限值,同時相應(yīng)地制訂了檢測工作場所空氣中二甲苯的方法,定期進(jìn)行職業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)測來評價勞動者二甲苯的暴露程度。2006年美國ACGIH推薦的職業(yè)接觸二甲苯的BEI為工作周末班末尿MHA為1.5g/gCr。2008年德國DFG推薦的生物接觸耐受量BAT值為接觸末或班末尿中MHA2.0g/L。歐美國家均有職業(yè)接觸二甲苯尿中甲基馬尿酸的生物限值及其檢測參考方法,而我國只有工作場所空氣中二甲苯的時間加權(quán)平均容許濃度(PC-TWA)為50mg/m3,短時間接觸容許濃度(PC-STEL)為100mg/m3,尿中甲基馬尿酸的生物接觸限值還沒有制定,武漢科科技大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院和武漢市職業(yè)病防治院聯(lián)合向國家衛(wèi)生部職業(yè)衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)專業(yè)委員會申請了“職業(yè)接觸二甲苯尿中甲基馬尿酸生物限值及其檢測方法研究”項目的研制工作,項目編號為20110206。因此建立職業(yè)接觸二甲苯尿中甲基馬尿酸的生物接觸限值具有重要的實際意義。 目的建立我國職業(yè)接觸二甲苯尿中甲基馬尿酸的生物接觸限值。 方法選擇非職業(yè)接觸二甲苯的工人作為本研究要用的尿樣基質(zhì),運(yùn)用合適的預(yù)處理方法,采用ODS C18柱、柱溫35℃、室溫25℃、波長230nm和流動相：甲醇：0.4%的冰醋酸(33：67,V/V)等色譜條件對樣品中的甲基馬尿酸進(jìn)行定性定量分析。配制不同濃度MHA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系列,通過繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,求證測定方法的線性范圍；配制三種濃度的MHA尿樣,經(jīng)加標(biāo)回收檢測,計算本方法的回收率；通過不同時間測平行樣的MHA濃度,計算精密度。 以現(xiàn)場流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、檢測人體積累的內(nèi)劑量與健康效應(yīng)關(guān)系資料作為依據(jù),研究生物材料檢測值與工作場所空氣中化學(xué)物濃度關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上建立生物限值。通過對使用二甲苯的3個企業(yè)進(jìn)行衛(wèi)生學(xué)調(diào)查和現(xiàn)場二甲苯濃度檢測,對接觸不同劑量二甲苯的人群進(jìn)行尿中甲基馬尿酸的檢測,結(jié)合職業(yè)流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,找出了工作場所空氣中二甲苯濃度與接觸者尿中甲基馬尿酸濃度的關(guān)系,推薦了尿中甲基馬尿酸的生物接觸限值。結(jié)果運(yùn)用高效液相色譜法檢測職業(yè)暴露人群尿中的MHA,該方法的檢出限和最低檢出濃度為o-MHA:4.59μg/ml；m-MHA:4.33μg/ml；p-MHA:4.54μg/ml,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線的線性范圍為0.025～1.0mg/ml;精密度(RSD)2.0～9.7%；準(zhǔn)確度用加標(biāo)回收率表示為91.4～101.4%。 調(diào)查研究顯示,工人班末尿MHA的含量與工作場所空氣中二甲苯濃度(TWA)有相關(guān)性,以尿中MHA濃度(g/g肌酐)對工作場所空氣中二甲苯濃度(mg/m3)作回歸分析,回歸方程為：Y=0.0052X+0.0112(r=0.731,n=57,p0.001)。將班末尿MHA與工人二甲苯暴露濃度相關(guān)作的直線回歸方程與國外6個研究的直線回歸方程進(jìn)行比較,并以我國二甲苯接觸限值PC-TWA=50mg/m3帶入各回歸方程,推算的工作班末尿中MHA含量,各回歸方程得到的尿MHA含量預(yù)測值分別為：0.271g/g、Cr0.203g/L、0.181g/L、0.209g/L、0.229g/L、0.230g/g Cr、0.161g/g Cr,在0.161～0.271g/gCr(g/L)之間。 結(jié)論按照我國現(xiàn)行的工作場所空氣中二甲苯TWA值推算,研究結(jié)果顯示,當(dāng)工人暴露在濃度為50mg/m3的二甲苯空氣環(huán)境中時,體內(nèi)約代謝出0.271g/g肌酐的甲基馬尿酸。參考國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù),建議我國職業(yè)接觸二甲苯班后尿中MHA的生物限值為0.3g/g肌酐。
[Abstract]:One of the important background of occupation health in China to be solved is to prevent the occupation of exposure to xylene. In order to protect the health of workers, many countries in Europe and the United States promulgated the occupation contact xylene limit, the developed method of air detection of xylene in workplace, regular occupation of environmental monitoring to evaluate the workers exposed to xylene occupation contact the degree of.2006 xylene ACGIH recommended BEI to work at the weekend end shift urine MHA for biological contact tolerance of 1.5g/gCr.2008 in Germany BAT DFG recommended values for the contact end or class MHA2.0g/L. in urine were exposed to xylene in Europe and the United States occupation urinary methylhippuric acid biological limit detection and reference method, but in our country only workplace the air in the xylene time weighted average concentration (PC-TWA) of 50mg/m3, STEL (PC-STEL) For 100mg/m3, the urinary methylhippuric acid biological exposure limit has not been established, the Wuhan science and Technology University Medical College and Wuhan city occupation disease prevention and control center jointly to the national Ministry of health occupation health standard of Specialized Committee for the "occupation exposure to xylene urinary methylhippuric acid biological limit and detection research methods of research projects, Project No. biological exposure limit 20110206. so the establishment of occupation exposure to xylene urinary methylhippuric acid value has important practical significance.
Objective to establish xylene in urine of China's occupation of the methyl hippuric acid contact biological exposure limits.
Methods the urine matrix non occupation workers exposed to xylene as the research to use, use the appropriate pretreatment method, using ODS C18 column, the column temperature at room temperature 35 C, 25 C, 230nm wavelength and mobile phase: methanol: 0.4% acetic acid (33:67, V/V) and other chromatographic conditions on samples of methyl hippuric acid was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. With different concentrations of MHA standard series, by drawing the standard curve, verify the linear range of determination method; with three concentration of MHA samples, the recovery test, recovery of this method was calculated; the concentration of MHA in different time by measuring parallel samples, the calculation precision.
The epidemiological survey, the dose effect relationship and health information detection of human accumulation as the basis for the study of biological material detection value in the basic relations of chemical concentrations in the workplace air and a biological limit value. Through the study of Health Survey and field xylene concentration detection of 3 enterprises using xylene, were detected in the urine of methyl the hippuric acid exposed to different doses of xylene with the occupation population, epidemiological investigation, find out the relationship between the concentration of methyl hippuric acid in urine and the concentration of xylene in the air of workplace contacts, recommended urinary methylhippuric acid biological exposure limit. Results using the HPLC method for the determination of occupation population exposed to urinary MHA, detection limit and the minimum detectable concentration of the method is o-MHA:4.59 g/ml; m-MHA:4.33 g/ml; p-MHA:4.54 g/ml, the linear range of standard curve was 0.025 To 1.0mg/ml, the precision (RSD) is 2 ~ 9.7%, and the recovery rate of the accuracy is 91.4 ~ 101.4%.
The investigation shows that workers end shift urine MHA content and concentration of xylene in the air of workplace (TWA) is related to the concentration of MHA in the urine (g/g creatinine) in the air of workplace xylene concentration (mg/m3) and regression analysis, the regression equation is: Y=0.0052X+0.0112 (r= 0.731, n=57, p0.001) will be at the end of class. Urinary MHA and xylene exposure concentration for workers related to the linear regression equation with 6 foreign research on the linear regression equation is compared with China's xylene exposure limit of PC-TWA=50mg/m3 into the regression equation, calculate the working class in urine MHA content values were predictive of urinary MHA in each regression equation: 0.271g/g. Cr0.203g/L, 0.181g/L, 0.209g/L, 0.229g/L, 0.230g/g Cr, 0.161g/g Cr, in 0.161 ~ 0.271g/gCr (g/L).
Conclusions according to China's current in the air of workplace xylene TWA value calculation, the results of the study showed that when the concentration of workers exposed to xylene in the air environment 50mg/m3, about 0.271g/g in vivo metabolism of creatinine. Methyl hippuric acid refers to the domestic and foreign literature data suggest that our country occupation exposure to xylene in urine after class MHA biological limit value 0.3g/g serum creatinine.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R131

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