發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-31 00:39

  本文選題：H1N1　切入點(diǎn)：應(yīng)對(duì)行為　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 分析甲型H1N1流感流行期間公眾應(yīng)對(duì)行為、知識(shí)、態(tài)度的變化趨勢(shì)，了解流感防護(hù)行為的影響因素，為制定流感防控策略提供依據(jù)。 方法 在甲型H1N1流感流行期間，按照分階段按容量比例概率抽樣法在西安市進(jìn)行六次電話調(diào)查，收集數(shù)據(jù)并用Epidata3.1軟件建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，用SPSS13.0對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果 1.關(guān)于衛(wèi)生保護(hù)行為：“咳嗽或打噴嚏時(shí)遮掩口鼻”、“從外面到家后洗手”、“洗手時(shí)用肥皂/洗手液”實(shí)施率較高，分別為92.0%、98.2%、97.9%，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間始終保持穩(wěn)定（P0.05）。關(guān)于預(yù)防措施：“購(gòu)買、儲(chǔ)備流感預(yù)防藥物”上升趨勢(shì)明顯，從51.4%上升到66.5%，有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05）�！氨苊�/減少去人群擁擠的場(chǎng)所”、“加強(qiáng)室內(nèi)通風(fēng)”實(shí)施率分別為65.3%、89.2%，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定(P0.05)，變化不大。關(guān)于接種甲型H1N1流感疫苗，第一次至第四次調(diào)查期間，疫苗接種率從11.9%降至4.5%，但在第五次、第六次調(diào)查期間又有所提高，整個(gè)趨勢(shì)沒(méi)有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05）。 2.關(guān)于甲型H1N1流感的傳播途徑，公眾對(duì)“咳嗽、打噴嚏”、“面對(duì)面交談”的認(rèn)知程度較高，正確率分別為84.2%、72.1%，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間始終保持穩(wěn)定(P0.05)；而公眾對(duì)“間接手接觸（如，通過(guò)門把手）”認(rèn)知程度最低，僅為29.8%,在調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定（P0.05）。關(guān)于H1N1流感疫苗，公眾對(duì)我國(guó)的“甲流疫苗免費(fèi)接種政策”認(rèn)知程度較高，認(rèn)知率為80.2%，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間呈上升趨勢(shì)（P0.05）；公眾對(duì)“甲流疫苗優(yōu)先接種政策”認(rèn)知率也有較高，為80.2%，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間呈上升趨勢(shì)（第三次調(diào)查83.5%，第四次調(diào)查85.0%，第五次調(diào)查85.0%，P0.05）。 3.有52.5%的公眾認(rèn)為“甲型H1N1流感疫情影響生活”，，在整個(gè)調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定趨勢(shì)；“擔(dān)心患甲型H1N1流感”的比例不高，占31.9%，調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定趨勢(shì)（P0.05）；表示“支持甲流疫苗優(yōu)先接種政策”的公眾比例最高，占95.4%，調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定（P0.05）；63.4%的公眾表示“不擔(dān)心甲流疫苗的異常反應(yīng)”調(diào)查期間保持穩(wěn)定（P0.05）。 4.知識(shí)、行為、態(tài)度三者之間均呈弱相關(guān)。知識(shí)與行為之間偏相關(guān)系數(shù)r=0.173, P0.001；態(tài)度與行為之間偏相關(guān)系數(shù)r=0.238, P0.001；知識(shí)與態(tài)度之間偏相關(guān)系數(shù)r=0.090, P=0.002。 5. Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示，影響公眾實(shí)施甲型H1N1流感衛(wèi)生保護(hù)行為的因素有性別（OR=0.468,95%CI:0.371~0.590）、甲型H1N1流感的影響（OR=1.707,95%CI:1.358~2.145）、是否擔(dān)心患甲型H1N1流感（OR=1.498,95%CI:1.175~1.910）；影響公眾實(shí)施甲型H1N1流感預(yù)防措施的因素有年齡（OR=0.635,95%CI:0.486~0.831）、性別（OR=0.753,95%CI:0.598~0.950）、文化程度（OR=1.289,95%CI:1.007~1.648）、相關(guān)知識(shí)（OR=1.557,95%CI:1.164~2.083）、甲型H1N1流感的影響（OR=1.615,95%CI:1.281~2.035）、是否擔(dān)心患甲型H1N1流感（OR=1.614,95%CI:1.251~2.084）。 結(jié)論 在甲型H1N1流感流行期間，公眾的應(yīng)對(duì)行為、知識(shí)變化總體呈上升趨勢(shì)，相關(guān)態(tài)度變化不大。公眾的行為、知識(shí)、態(tài)度三者之間具有相關(guān)性。性別、文化程度、知識(shí)水平、態(tài)度等影響公眾的應(yīng)對(duì)行為。當(dāng)前防控策略在應(yīng)對(duì)甲型H1N1流感起到了積極的作用。
[Abstract]:Purpose

To analyze the trends of public response , knowledge and attitude during the influenza A / H1N1 influenza pandemic , to understand the influencing factors of influenza protection , and to provide the basis for the development of influenza control strategy .

method

During the influenza A / H1N1 influenza pandemic , six telephone surveys were conducted in Xi ' an City according to the sampling method by volume ratio , and the data was collected and the database was established by Epidata3.1 software , and the data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 .

Results

1 . With regard to sanitary protection behavior : " mask mouth nose " , " washing hands from outside to home " , " washing hands from outside " , " washing hands with soap / hand washing liquid " , the rate of the whole investigation remained stable ( P0.05 ) . With regard to preventive measures : " buying , storing influenza prevention drugs " , the rate of vaccination increased from 51.4 % to 66.5 % , respectively ( P0.05 ) . In the fifth and fourth surveys , the vaccination rate was increased from 11.9 % to 4.5 % , but the overall trend was not statistically significant ( P0.05 ) .

2 . With regard to the route of influenza A ( H1N1 ) , the public awareness of " cough , neezing " and " face - to - face conversation " was higher , the accuracy rate was 84.2 % and 72.1 % , respectively , and remained stable throughout the investigation ( P0.05 ) ;
The public awareness of " indirect hand contact ( e.g . , through the door handle ) " was the lowest , only 29 . 8 % , which remained stable during the investigation ( P0.05 ) . With the H1N1 influenza vaccine , the public awareness of the " free vaccination policy of influenza A vaccine " in our country was higher , the cognitive rate was 80.2 % , and the trend was increased throughout the investigation ( P0.05 ) ;
The public awareness of the priority vaccination policy for the " H1N1 vaccine " was also high , to 80.2 per cent , to an upward trend throughout the survey ( 83.5 per cent in the third survey , 85.0 per cent in the fourth survey , and 85.0 per cent in the fifth survey , P0.05 ) .

3 . 52.5 per cent of the public believe that the " H1N1 influenza pandemic affects life " and remains stable throughout the survey ;
The proportion of " fear of influenza A / H1N1 " was not high , accounting for 31.9 % , and remained stable during the investigation ( P0.05 ) .
The highest proportion of the public expressing " preferential vaccination policy in support of influenza A vaccine " ( 95.4 % ) remained stable during the investigation ( P0.05 ) ;
63.4 % of the public expressed " no fear of the abnormal response of the H1N1 vaccine " ( P0.05 ) .

4 . There was a weak correlation between knowledge , behavior and attitude . The correlation coefficient between knowledge and behavior was r = 0.173 , P0.001 ;
The correlation coefficient between attitude and behavior was r = 0.238 , P0.001 ;
The correlation coefficient between knowledge and attitude is r = 0.090 , P = 0.002 .

5 . Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the public health protection behavior of influenza A ( H1N1 ) were gender ( OR = 0.468 , 95 % CI : 0.371 - 0.590 ) and influenza A ( OR = 1.707 , 95 % CI : 1.358 - 2.145 ) , and whether influenza A / H1N1 ( OR = 1.498 , 95 % CI : 1.175 ~ 1.910 ) was concerned .
Age ( OR = 0.635 , 95 % CI : 0.486 - 0.831 ) , sex ( OR = 0.753 , 95 % CI : 1.007 ~ 1.648 ) , the influence of related knowledge ( OR = 1.557 , 95 % CI : 1.281 - 2.035 ) , and whether influenza A / H1N1 ( OR = 1.614 , 95 % CI : 1.251 ~ 2.084 ) was concerned .

Conclusion

During the influenza A / H1N1 influenza pandemic , the public ' s response behavior , the change of knowledge generally increased , and the related attitudes changed little . Public behavior , knowledge and attitude had a correlation . Gender , culture , knowledge level , attitude , etc . affect the public ' s response . The current control strategy has played a positive role in coping with influenza A ( H1N1 ) influenza .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R181.3;R511.7

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 朱信銘;;信息安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析方法淺談[J];信息安全與技術(shù);2010年08期

2 王偉;潘明;常國(guó)輝;李曉丹;李天舒;秦成峰;賈娜;溫樂(lè)英;高榮保;童文彬;何樹(shù)森;王大燕;郭俊峰;藍(lán)雨;楊磊;趙翔;李希研;李梓;鄒淑梅;祝慶余;郭元吉;曹務(wù)春;李德新;舒躍龍;;中國(guó)內(nèi)地首例確診甲型H1N1流感病例的實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)[J];病毒學(xué)報(bào);2009年S1期

3 徐翠玲;楊磊;溫樂(lè)英;張燁;董婕;郭元吉;李德新;舒躍龍;;1918年流感大流行的流行病學(xué)概述[J];病毒學(xué)報(bào);2009年S1期

4 隋z裚";楊麗梅;王偉;辛麗;董麗波;黃維娟;隗合江;徐翠玲;郭元吉;李德新;舒躍龍;;1957年流感大流行的流行病學(xué)概述[J];病毒學(xué)報(bào);2009年S1期

5 袁帆;藍(lán)雨;郭俊峰;李鑫婉;譚敏菊;郭元吉;李德新;舒躍龍;;1968年流感大流行的流行病學(xué)概述[J];病毒學(xué)報(bào);2009年S1期

6 李鵬;劉影;;禽流感及其對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)影響的研究綜述[J];江西師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2009年02期

7 韓一芳;張宏偉;曹廣文;;2009年新型甲型H1N1流感流行特征及防控措施[J];第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年06期

8 詹發(fā)先;楊連第;張治東;;甲型H1N1流感的預(yù)防與控制初探[J];公共衛(wèi)生與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2009年03期

9 張曉宏;張時(shí)明;;潮州市不同人群甲型H1N1流感知識(shí)、態(tài)度和行為現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查[J];廣東醫(yī)學(xué);2009年12期

10 黃錫青;龍其穗;李艷清;孫立梅;宋鐵;鐘豪杰;鄧愛(ài)萍;;廣州市469名城區(qū)居民對(duì)甲型H1N1流感疫苗認(rèn)知情況及態(tài)度分析[J];華南預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2010年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李駿;紹興市禽類養(yǎng)殖人員人禽流感風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估與對(duì)策研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2006年

本文編號(hào)：1688411