本文選題：仔豬腦發(fā)育　切入點：唾液酸　出處：《廈門大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：唾液酸(Sialic acid, Sia)是自然界中以�；问酱嬖诘纳窠�(jīng)氨酸衍生物的統(tǒng)稱。唾液酸具有多種生物學(xué)功能,比如：促進(jìn)細(xì)胞的增值、分化和參與識別；與病原微生物相互作用,參與免疫反應(yīng)；促進(jìn)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育,易化記憶形成,提高學(xué)習(xí)能力。大腦發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵時期,進(jìn)行干預(yù)可以對大腦造成遠(yuǎn)期的不可逆的影響。許多動物實驗表明唾液酸可以對大腦發(fā)育、學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力產(chǎn)生重要影響。仔豬因其發(fā)育和解剖與嬰兒相似,適合做研究嬰兒發(fā)育的動物模型。磁共振成像技術(shù)因其對軟組織空間分辨率高、可用多種參數(shù)成像和對機(jī)體無輻射損傷等優(yōu)點已廣泛應(yīng)用于腦代謝、腦結(jié)構(gòu)和的腦功能定量研究中。 本實驗以新生仔豬為動物模型,通過在飲食中添加唾液酸,用磁共振成像及定量分析技術(shù),探索唾液酸對仔豬腦結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育的影響。 平均體重為2kg的61頭3日齡仔豬,隨機(jī)分為4組：對照組(不額外添加N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸,N=16)、實驗組一(N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸601.8mg/100g,N=15)、實驗組二(乳糖結(jié)合的N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸486.8mg/100g,N=14)和實驗組三(酪蛋白結(jié)合的N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸和乳糖結(jié)合的N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸各占50%以及0.5g/L的乳鐵蛋白,N-乙酰神經(jīng)氨酸的總含量為439.1mg/100g,N=16),且保證相同遺傳背景的仔豬不在同一組。仔豬在38日齡進(jìn)行磁共振(nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR)掃描,第39日齡仔豬安樂死斷頭取腦。NMR掃描采集的數(shù)據(jù)包括：T1加權(quán)成像(T1-weighted imaging, T1WI), T2加權(quán)成像(T2-weighted imaging, T2WI),彌散張量成像(Diffusion Tensor Imaging, DTI)。對T1圖像用基于體素的形態(tài)測量學(xué)(voxel based morphometry, VBM)方法分析組間灰質(zhì)體積的差異：DTI圖像上用于工劃分感興趣區(qū)(region of interest,ROI)的方法將胼胝體分成三部分,并測量胼胝體各部的各向異性分?jǐn)?shù)(fractional anisotropy,FA)。統(tǒng)計方法：實驗組一、實驗組二和實驗組三分別和對照組進(jìn)行雙樣本T檢驗(Two-sample t-test),以探究唾液酸對仔豬大腦發(fā)育過程中結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。實驗結(jié)果：各實驗組相對于對照組仔豬的體重、腦重和全腦體積的差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。經(jīng)圖像處理和統(tǒng)計分析,VBM的結(jié)果如下：實驗組一較對照組灰質(zhì)體積增加的區(qū)域有左側(cè)背外側(cè)運(yùn)動皮層、左側(cè)小腦小葉和左側(cè)初級視覺皮層,灰質(zhì)體積減少的區(qū)域有左側(cè)上丘；實驗組二較對照組灰質(zhì)體積增加的區(qū)域有左側(cè)軀體感覺皮層、左側(cè)顳葉、左側(cè)島葉皮層、左側(cè)海馬旁回、右側(cè)小腦小葉,體積減少的區(qū)域為前聯(lián)合周圍灰質(zhì)、中央灰質(zhì)、右側(cè)屏狀核、右側(cè)丘腦背外側(cè)核。實驗組三較對照組灰質(zhì)體積增加的區(qū)域有左側(cè)丘腦,左側(cè)海馬旁回,灰質(zhì)體積減少區(qū)域為小腦小葉。DTI的結(jié)果是,各實驗組相對于對照組胼胝體三個區(qū)域的FA值的差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 本實驗得出以下結(jié)論：(1)唾液酸對仔豬的體重、腦重和腦體積的影響不顯著,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；(2)唾液酸對仔豬大腦發(fā)育有促進(jìn)作用,并且不同存在形式的唾液酸對仔豬大腦發(fā)育的影響不同。其中實驗組一的配方奶可以促進(jìn)左側(cè)軀體感覺皮層、左側(cè)顳葉、左側(cè)島葉皮層、左側(cè)海馬旁回、右側(cè)小腦小葉等皮層灰質(zhì)的發(fā)育；實驗組二的配方奶可以促進(jìn)左側(cè)軀體感覺皮層、左側(cè)顳葉、左側(cè)島葉皮層、左側(cè)海馬旁回、右側(cè)側(cè)小腦小葉皮層的發(fā)育；實驗組三的配方奶可以促進(jìn)部分丘腦神經(jīng)核團(tuán)以及海馬旁回的發(fā)育。(3)唾液酸對胼胝體的發(fā)育沒有顯著影響,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
[Abstract]:Sialic acid (Sialic acid Sia) is a general designation of neuraminic acid derivatives in the form of acylation in nature. Sialic acid has many biological functions, such as promoting cell proliferation, differentiation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms in; and interactions involved in the immune response; promote the development of the nervous system, facilitated the formation of memory, to improve the ability of learning. The critical period of brain development, intervention can cause long-term irreversible effects on the brain. Many animal experiments show that sialic acid can have an important impact on brain development, learning and memory ability. Because of the development of piglets and the anatomy and the baby is similar to that for studying infant animal model development. Magnetic resonance imaging because of its high spatial resolution of soft tissue, can use a variety of parameters of imaging and no radiation damage to the body and other advantages has been widely used in brain metabolism, brain structure and brain function. It can be used in quantitative research.
In this experiment, the animal model of newborn piglets, by adding sialic acid, using magnetic resonance imaging and quantitative analysis technology, and explore the effects of sialic acid on the development of baby pig structure.
The average weight of 3 day old piglets 2kg 61, were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (add N- acetylneuraminic acid, no additional N=16), experimental group (N- acetylneuraminic acid 601.8mg/100g, N=15), experimental group two (N- acetylneuraminic acid 486.8mg/100g, lactose binding N=14) and the experimental group (three casein binding N- acetylneuraminic acid and lactose binding N- acetylneuraminic acid and 0.5g/L each accounted for 50% of total content of lactoferrin, N- acetylneuraminic acid 439.1mg/100g, N=16), and ensure that the same genetic background were not in the same group. Piglets underwent magnetic resonance at 38 days of age (nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR) scanning, thirty-ninth day old piglets euthanasia decapitated.NMR scan data collected include: T1 weighted imaging (T1-weighted imaging, T1WI), T2 (T2-weighted imaging, T2WI weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging) (Diffusion Tensor Imaging, DTI T1). Voxel based morphometry image (voxel based morphometry, VBM) the difference between the groups in gray matter volume analysis method: for engineering division of region of interest image on DTI (region of interest, ROI) the corpus callosum is divided into three parts, each part of the corpus callosum and measurement of anisotropic fraction (fractional anisotropy, FA). Statistical methods: experimental group, experimental group two and experimental group three and control group respectively for the two sample T test (Two-sample t-test), to explore the effects of sialic acid on piglet brain development during the structure. The experimental results: the experimental group compared with control group the weight of piglets, there was no significant difference in brain weight and total brain volume. By image processing and statistical analysis, the results are as follows: VBM experimental group than the control group increased gray matter volume in left dorsolateral areas of the motor cortex, the left cerebellar lobule and left primary visual skin Layer, reduced gray matter volume in areas of the left superior colliculus; two in the experimental group than the control group increased gray matter volume in areas of the left somatosensory cortex, left temporal lobe, left insula cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, right cerebellar lobule, reducing the volume of area for the former United periaqueductal gray, Central gray, right claustrum laterodorsal thalamic nucleus, right. Three in the experimental group than the control group increased gray matter volume in areas of the left thalamus, left parahippocampal gyrus, decreased gray matter volume results area for cerebellar lobule.DTI, each experimental group compared with control group differences in corpus callosum in three regions of FA values were not statistically significant.
This study draws the following conclusions: (1) the weight of sialic acid in piglets, affect the brain weight and brain volume was not significant, the difference was not statistically significant; (2) sialic acid has a promoting effect on piglet brain development, and different forms of the existence of sialic acid effects on brain development. The piglets of different formula in experimental group one can promote the left somatosensory cortex, left temporal lobe, left insula cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, right cerebellar lobules of cortical gray matter development; the experimental group two formula can promote the left somatosensory cortex, left temporal lobe, left insula cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, right lateral cerebellar cortical lobule the development of; experimental group three formula can promote the development of some thalamic nuclei and parahippocampal gyrus. (3) the development of sialic acid in the corpus callosum had no significant effect, the difference was not statistically significant.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R174.2;R445.2

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