本文關(guān)鍵詞： 福建省 碘 食物碘 膳食攝入量　出處：《福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：碘是人體必需的一種微量營養(yǎng)元素，碘元素的攝入與人體健康關(guān)系密切，碘的缺乏與過剩都會導(dǎo)致某些疾病的產(chǎn)生，也是環(huán)境學(xué)、衛(wèi)生學(xué)與營養(yǎng)學(xué)研究的重要問題。近年來，，關(guān)于我國沿海地區(qū)居民碘攝入量的問題備受關(guān)注，為了進(jìn)一步了解我國沿海地區(qū)居民的碘營養(yǎng)狀況，積極推進(jìn)“因地制宜、分類指導(dǎo)、科學(xué)補(bǔ)碘”的防控策略，2010年福建省疾病預(yù)防控制中心開展了總膳食調(diào)查，在此基礎(chǔ)上，本課題采用《WS302-2008食物中碘的測定》檢測了福建省不同地理區(qū)域居民常用食物中的碘含量并應(yīng)用單個食物的選擇性研究方法對福建省居民膳食碘攝入量進(jìn)行研究。得到以下主要結(jié)論 1.不同食物含碘量具有顯著性差異，同一種食物在不同地區(qū)其含碘量也具有一定差異。谷類及其制品的食物中含碘量最高的為面條、面包、及蛋糕，薯類食物平均含碘量較低，豆類食物中含碘量最高的為熟花生。不同的蔬菜食物中，葉類和根莖類蔬菜含碘量要高于其他種類蔬菜；蓮藕中含碘量為54.56±72.03μg/100g，顯著高于其他蔬菜，蒜是所有蔬菜中含碘量最低的未檢測出。水產(chǎn)品中碘含量范圍為1.23μg/100g～99.89μg/100g，不同類型水產(chǎn)品中碘含量甲殼類50.79±36.00μg/100g海魚類32.48±27.79μg/100g軟體類23.33±5.45μg/100g淡水魚3.35±2.85μg/100g。肉類食物中，動物內(nèi)臟碘含量較高，其他禽畜中鴨肉20.06±38.93μg/100g雞肉7.56±14.94μg/100g牛肉0.64±0.45μg/100g。水果類、飲料類和酒類食物中含碘量均較低，乳類制品中純牛奶碘含量為15.41±5.52μg/100g要高于酸牛奶和優(yōu)酸乳。白糖中平均碘含量為1.36±0.60μg/100g，高于紅糖0.56±0.16μg/100g，蜂蜜中含碘量最低只有0.44±0.22μg/100g。不同調(diào)味品碘含量差異較顯著，醬油醋料酒食用油。 2.海帶與紫菜中碘含量為所有食物中碘含量最高的，為其他食物的成百上千倍。 3.福建省居民膳食碘的主要來源為食鹽中碘180μg/d，其次為海藻類104.1μg/d水產(chǎn)類37.21μg/d肉類16.57μg/d谷類13.49μg/d蔬菜類12.20μg/d。 4.若不考慮從食鹽和海藻類食物攝入的碘量，福建省居民由常用食物中得到的人均膳食碘攝入量僅為106.42μg/d，為膳食推薦攝入量的70.95%，不能滿足機(jī)體的需要量。若綜合考慮居民從常用食物膳食碘攝入量、海藻類食物碘攝入量以及食鹽碘攝入量，則福建省居民人均膳食碘最大攝入量為390.52μg/d，達(dá)到了營養(yǎng)學(xué)會制定的推薦攝入量，且未超過UL值，表明福建省居民的平均膳食碘攝入量是充足且安全的。
[Abstract]:Iodine is a necessary micronutrient element in human body. The intake of iodine is closely related to human health. Iodine deficiency and excess lead to some diseases, and are also important problems in environmental science, hygiene and nutrition. In order to further understand the iodine nutrition status of the residents in the coastal areas of our country, we should actively promote "measures according to local conditions, classified guidance," in order to further understand the iodine intake of residents in the coastal areas of our country. In 2010, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Province carried out a total dietary survey, on the basis of which, The determination of iodine in WS302-2008 food was used to detect the iodine content in common foods of residents in different geographical areas of Fujian Province and the selective study method of individual food was used to study the dietary iodine intake of residents in Fujian Province. To the following main conclusions. 1. There were significant differences in iodine content among different foods, and there were some differences in iodine content of the same food in different regions. The highest iodine content in cereals and their products was noodles, bread, cake and potato. The highest iodine content in soybean food was cooked peanut. In different vegetable foods, the iodine content in leaves and rhizomes was higher than that in other vegetables, and the iodine content in lotus root was 54.56 鹵72.03 渭 g / 100 g, which was significantly higher than that in other vegetables. Garlic is the lowest iodine content in all vegetables. The iodine content in aquatic products is 1.23 渭 g / 100 g / 100 渭 g / 100 g. In different types of aquatic products, the iodine content of crustaceans is 50.79 鹵36.00 渭 g / 100 g sea fish 32.48 鹵27.79 渭 g / 100 g soft fish 23.33 鹵5.45 渭 g / 100 g fresh water fish 3.35 鹵2.85 渭 g / 100 g. Among other livestock, the duck meat was 20.06 鹵38.93 渭 g / 100 g chicken 7.56 鹵14.94 渭 g / 100 g beef 0.64 鹵0.45 渭 g / 100 g beef. The iodine content of milk was 15.41 鹵5.52 渭 g / 100 g higher than that of sour milk and yoghurt. The average iodine content in white sugar was 1.36 鹵0.60 渭 g / 100 g, which was higher than that in brown sugar 0.56 鹵0.16 渭 g / 100 g, and the lowest iodine content in honey was 0.44 鹵0.22 渭 g / 100 g. 2. The iodine content in kelp and porphyra is the highest in all foods and hundreds of times of other foods. 3. The main sources of dietary iodine in Fujian Province were iodine 180 渭 g / d in salt, followed by algae 104.1 渭 g / d aquatic 37.21 渭 g / d meat 16.57 渭 g / d cereals 13.49 渭 g / d vegetables 12.20 渭 g / d. 4. If you do not take into account the iodine intake from salt and seaweed foods, The average dietary iodine intake of the residents in Fujian Province is only 106.42 渭 g / d, which is 70.95g / d of the recommended dietary intake, which can not meet the needs of the body. The maximum intake of dietary iodine per capita in Fujian Province was 390.52 渭 g / d, which reached the recommended intake set by the Nutrition Society and did not exceed the UL value. The results showed that the average dietary iodine intake of Fujian residents was sufficient and safe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R151.4

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