本文關(guān)鍵詞： 酵母β-葡聚糖 ~(12)C~(6+)離子 電子束 白細(xì)胞 SOD GSH-PX MDA 輻射防護　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的：對多糖輻射防護作用的研究已成為近幾年輻射防護劑領(lǐng)域的熱點,多糖最大的特點就是高效而且低毒,目前大多數(shù)的研究集中于植物及真菌多糖,如p-葡聚糖、靈芝多糖、當(dāng)歸多糖、茜草多糖等。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)多種多糖具有抗輻射的作用,是非常有前景的天然輻射防護劑。大量的研究表明,酵母β-葡聚糖具有多種生理活性,如具增強人體免疫力、抗腫瘤、抗氧化、清除自由基和延緩衰老、調(diào)脂、降脂、能夠治療關(guān)節(jié)炎等。但目前酵母p-葡聚糖對重離子及電子束輻射損傷的防護作用的研究還很少見,本實驗采用小鼠為研究對象,用12C6+離子和電子束進行照射,目的在于檢測酵母β-葡聚糖對12C6+離子和電子束輻射損傷小鼠的防護作用。 材料和方法：本研究采用雌性昆明小鼠為研究對象,將小鼠隨機分為5組,每組10只。分別為正常對照組(A)、輻射模型組(B)、低劑量酵母β-葡聚糖組(C)、中劑量酵母p-葡聚糖組(D)和高劑量酵母p-葡聚糖組(E)。C、D、E三組每天灌胃給予低、中、高不同劑量酵母p-葡聚糖。其余兩組灌胃等量的生理鹽水。2周后B、C、D、E四組均給予2.0Gy12C6+離子束或50Gy電子束一次性全身照射,照射后C、D、E三組繼續(xù)灌胃給藥酵母β-葡聚糖,其余兩組灌胃等量的生理鹽水。持續(xù)一周后觀察以下指標(biāo)： (1)小鼠的體重、毛色及行為變化。 (2)小鼠外周血中白細(xì)胞、紅細(xì)胞、血小板、淋巴細(xì)胞數(shù)。 (3)小鼠脾臟和胸腺指數(shù),胸腺和脾臟組織中SOD活性、GSH-PX活性及MDA含量。 結(jié)果：給予酵母β-葡聚糖能減緩照射引起的小鼠食欲不振、毛色暗淡、體重急劇下降,增加小鼠外周血中白細(xì)胞含量,對小鼠紅細(xì)胞和血小板影響不大,可使淋巴細(xì)胞數(shù)目有小幅度升高,不同程度地恢復(fù)胸腺和脾臟SOD、GSH-PX活性,降低胸腺和脾臟組織中MDA含量。 結(jié)論：1小鼠經(jīng)12C6+離子及電子束照射后出現(xiàn)了毛色暗淡、精神不振、飲食量和飲水量下降,體重顯著降低。與模型組相比,酵母p-葡聚糖各劑量組能顯著改善輻照導(dǎo)致的小鼠體重下降,但未見明顯的劑量依賴性。 2酵母p-葡聚糖對電子束輻照損傷小鼠胸腺及脾臟免疫器官的損傷具有一定的防護作用,可提高其臟器指數(shù)。 3酵母p-葡聚糖對12C6+離子輻照損傷小鼠抗氧化系統(tǒng)具有一定的防護作用,可提高其胸腺及脾臟組織中SOD、GSH-PX活性,減少MDA含量。 4酵母p-葡聚糖對12C6+離子及電子束輻射損傷小鼠的血液系統(tǒng)有一定的防護作用,能有效減輕輻射對白細(xì)胞和淋巴細(xì)胞的殺傷,能促進白細(xì)胞和淋巴細(xì)胞再生
[Abstract]:Objective: the research on radiation protection of polysaccharides has become a hot topic in the field of radiation protection in recent years. The most important characteristic of polysaccharides is their high efficiency and low toxicity. At present, most of the studies focus on plant and fungal polysaccharides, such as pglucan. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, Angelica sinensis polysaccharides, alizarin polysaccharides, etc. It has been found that many kinds of polysaccharides have anti-radiation effects and are very promising natural radiation protectors. A large number of studies have shown that yeast 尾 -glucan has a variety of physiological activities. Such as enhancing human immunity, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, scavenging free radicals and delaying aging, regulating fat, lowering fat, However, the protective effects of yeast p- glucan on heavy ion and electron beam radiation damage are rare. In this study, mice were used as research objects, and 12C6 ions and electron beam were used to irradiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of yeast 尾-glucan on 12C 6 ion and electron beam irradiated mice. Materials and methods: female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. 10 rats in each group were treated with normal control group, radiation model group, low dose yeast 尾 -glucan group, medium dose yeast pglucan group and high dose yeast pglucan group, respectively. The other two groups were given 2.0 Gy 12C6 ion beam or 50Gy electron beam in one time whole body irradiation after the same amount of normal saline was given to the other two groups, and the other two groups continued to be given intragastric administration of yeast 尾 -glucan after irradiation, and the other two groups were given 2.0 Gy 12C6 ion beam or 50 Gy electron beam at one time, and the other two groups were given intragastric administration of 尾 -glucan. The remaining two groups were given the same amount of normal saline. After a week, the following parameters were observed:. The body weight, coat color and behavior of the mice were changed. (2) the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets and lymphocytes in peripheral blood of mice. (3) spleen and thymus index, SOD activity and GSH-PX activity and MDA content in thymus and spleen of mice. Results: yeast 尾 -glucan could alleviate the loss of appetite, the loss of color and body weight of mice induced by irradiation, increase the content of white blood cells in peripheral blood of mice, and had little effect on red blood cells and platelets of mice. The number of lymphocytes increased slightly, the activity of GSH-PX in thymus and spleen was restored to different extent, and the content of MDA in thymus and spleen was decreased. Conclusion after irradiation with 12C6 ion and electron beam, the weight of the mice was significantly decreased, the body weight was decreased, and the body weight of the mice was significantly decreased after irradiation with 12C6 ion and electron beam. All dose groups of yeast p- glucan could significantly improve the weight loss induced by irradiation in mice, but there was no significant dose-dependent effect. (2) yeast pdextran had protective effect on the injury of thymus and spleen immune organs induced by electron beam irradiation in mice, and could improve the visceral index of mice. (3) yeast pglucan had protective effect on the antioxidant system of mice irradiated with 12C6 ions, which could increase the activity of SOD- GSH-PX in thymus and spleen, and decrease the content of MDA. (4) yeast pglucan can protect the blood system of mice damaged by 12C6 ion and electron beam radiation, can effectively reduce the killing of white blood cells and lymphocytes, and promote the regeneration of white blood cells and lymphocytes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R142

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