本文關(guān)鍵詞： 污染水源 細菌多樣性 傳統(tǒng)平板培養(yǎng) 變性梯度凝膠電泳　出處：《中國公共衛(wèi)生》2015年08期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的比較工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和生活污染源河道內(nèi)細菌群落的多樣性,探討環(huán)境與細菌群落多樣性關(guān)系,為修復(fù)水環(huán)境技術(shù)提供理論依據(jù)。方法采集浙江省杭州市未污染的虎跑山泉水和3個不同污染源的水樣共70份,用傳統(tǒng)微生物平板培養(yǎng)和變性梯度凝膠電泳(DGGE)技術(shù)分析不同水體細菌群落的多樣性差異。結(jié)果未被污染的虎跑山泉水p H最小,為7.25,其余受到污染的水體p H均7.4,濱文河的p H最高,達8.04;浦沿化工廠河道中存在可培養(yǎng)的細菌最多,達到821 CFU/m L,其次為蕭山養(yǎng)牛河道,虎跑最低僅8 CFU/m L,其細菌總數(shù)與p H密切相關(guān);6種受污染的水中均存在大腸埃希菌和葡萄球菌,生活污水中未檢測到沙門菌,化工污水中未檢測到糞鏈球菌;變性梯度凝膠電泳結(jié)果表明,受污染的水中主要有變形菌門(23條帶,71.9%)、放線菌門(8條帶,25%)和厚壁菌門(1條帶,3.9%),變形菌門是絕對的優(yōu)勢菌群;不同污染源影響的水中均有特異性細菌條帶T5(uncultured bacterium clone C-84,HQ860591)和T7(uncultured rhodocyclaceae bacterium clone D7N55,KC006201),隸屬于β-變形菌,只在受化工污染的河水中檢測到;而受生活污水污染的河水中特有條帶T3和T4均為γ-變形菌的氣單胞菌屬Aeromona;T10、T29和T30為受畜牧養(yǎng)殖場污水影響的河水中所特有,均隸屬于放線菌門Gordonibacter屬。結(jié)論不同的污染直接影響水的p H及細菌群落分布,且污水中致病菌也存在差異。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the diversity of bacterial communities in the river channels of industrial, agricultural and domestic pollution sources, and to explore the relationship between the environment and the diversity of bacterial communities. In order to provide theoretical basis for the technology of water environment restoration, 70 samples of unpolluted Hu-run mountain spring water and three different pollution sources were collected from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Traditional microbial plate culture and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique were used to analyze the diversity of bacterial communities in different water bodies. The pH of the other polluted water bodies was 7.4, and the pH of Binwen River was the highest (8.04). The number of culturable bacteria was 821 CFU/m / L in the river channel of Puyan Chemical Plant, followed by Xiaoshan cattle channel, and the lowest was 8 CFU/m / L. The total number of bacteria was closely related to pH; Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus were found in 6 kinds of polluted water, no salmonella was detected in domestic sewage, no streptococcus faecalis was detected in chemical wastewater. The results of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed that there were 23 bands of Proteus in polluted water, 8 bands of actinomycetes (25%) and 1 band of phylum (3. 9). The phylum of Proteus is an absolute dominant flora. The specific bacterial band T5unculated bacterium clone C-84 was found in the water affected by different pollution sources. HQ860591) and T7unculated rhodocyclaceae bacterium clone D7N55. KC006201, belonging to 尾 -Proteus, was only detected in the river polluted by chemical industry. Aeromonas aeromonas, where the endemic bands T3 and T4 are 緯 -Proteus, belong to Aeromonas. T10, T29 and T30 are endemic to rivers affected by sewage from livestock farms. All belong to Gordonibacter genus of actinomycetes. Conclusion different pollution directly affects the distribution of pH and bacterial community in water, and there are also differences in pathogenic bacteria in sewage.
【作者單位】： 浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院生物技術(shù)研究所;
【基金】：浙江省高校中青年學(xué)科帶頭人學(xué)術(shù)攀登項目(pd2013215) 浙江省大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新活動計劃暨新苗人才計劃(2013R410030)
【分類號】：R123
【正文快照】： 中國目前水污染情況嚴重,據(jù)預(yù)測,2015年廢水排放量將達到810億噸[1]。目前水污染主要包括工業(yè)污染源、農(nóng)業(yè)污染源和生活污染源。工業(yè)污染源為水域的重要污染源,它具有量大、面廣、成分復(fù)雜、毒性大、不易凈化、難處理等特點;農(nóng)業(yè)污染源包括牲畜糞便、農(nóng)藥、化肥等。生活污染源

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