本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公共服務(wù)設(shè)施 疫苗接種站 布點(diǎn)　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公共服務(wù)設(shè)施是為城市居民提供公共服務(wù)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)施,與居民生活密切相關(guān)。公共服務(wù)設(shè)施選址追求社會(huì)效益,它強(qiáng)調(diào)公共資源分配的公平性,即在同樣的條件下,人們能夠獲得同質(zhì)的公共服務(wù)�？刂苽魅拘约膊∽钪饕氖侄问穷A(yù)防,而接種疫苗被認(rèn)為是最行之有效的措施。接種站是居民接種疫苗的基層單位。隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,生活水平的提高,人們對(duì)預(yù)防接種的安全性、有效性以及服務(wù)質(zhì)量都有了更高的要求。在此背景下,接種站布點(diǎn)的合理性和公平性就至關(guān)重要�；谶@樣的背景,通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的梳理,本文提出了“疫苗接種站布點(diǎn)的多目標(biāo)決策優(yōu)化研究”這一選題。建立了多目標(biāo)的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃模型,在現(xiàn)有接種站的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行選擇,對(duì)接種站所服務(wù)的社區(qū)進(jìn)行重新分配,調(diào)整全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù),重新分配接種站的專業(yè)人員數(shù)量,以實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域內(nèi)全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù)最多、社區(qū)居民到對(duì)應(yīng)接種站的距離總和最小、需要的專業(yè)人員數(shù)量最少。本文以深圳市南山區(qū)接種站的布點(diǎn)情況為算例,運(yùn)用Lingo和Cplex軟件進(jìn)行求解,并對(duì)模型中重要參數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)接種站布點(diǎn)、需求點(diǎn)分配、專業(yè)人員配置等決策提出以下建議:當(dāng)全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù)一定時(shí),增加專業(yè)人員數(shù)量會(huì)減少社區(qū)居民到接種站的距離,但是如果全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù)增加到一定數(shù)量后,增加專業(yè)人員數(shù)量并不會(huì)帶來(lái)總距離的減少;當(dāng)專業(yè)人員數(shù)量一定時(shí),適度增加全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù)會(huì)減少社區(qū)居民到接種站的距離,當(dāng)專業(yè)人員數(shù)量過(guò)多時(shí),增加全天開放的接種站個(gè)數(shù)并不會(huì)使得總距離得到明顯的減少;同時(shí),政府的計(jì)劃生育政策可能會(huì)影響到新生兒的出生率,因此,接種站的布點(diǎn)決策應(yīng)該考慮到政府相關(guān)政策的影響。本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)在于建立了多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型,在總距離最小、全天開放接種站個(gè)數(shù)最多、專業(yè)人員數(shù)量最少三個(gè)目標(biāo)中,優(yōu)先考慮總距離最小的目標(biāo),從而為社區(qū)居民帶來(lái)便利,進(jìn)而提高接種站的服務(wù)質(zhì)量。由于涉及的接種站和社區(qū)的個(gè)數(shù)眾多,傳統(tǒng)的解析求解的方法顯然有一定難度,因此本文采用的計(jì)算機(jī)軟件來(lái)進(jìn)行求解和分析,后期通過(guò)數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)、畫圖,對(duì)所得結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析和研究,得出了相關(guān)結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:The public service facility is the facility which provides the public service product for the city resident, and is closely related to the resident life. The public service facility location pursues the social benefit, it emphasizes the fairness of the public resource distribution. That is, under the same conditions, people have access to homogenous public services. The most important means of controlling infectious diseases is prevention. Vaccination is considered to be the most effective measure. Vaccination station is the basic unit of vaccination. With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, people are safe for vaccination. Efficiency and quality of service have higher requirements. In this context, the reasonableness and fairness of inoculation stations are very important. Based on this background, through the review of domestic and foreign literature. This paper puts forward the topic of "Multi-objective decision Optimization study of vaccination Station Distribution". A multi-objective mathematical programming model is established and selected on the basis of existing vaccination stations. The communities served by the vaccination stations were redistributed, the number of vaccination stations opened all day was adjusted, and the number of professionals in the vaccination stations was redistributed, so as to achieve the largest number of vaccination stations open all day in the region. The total distance between community residents and the corresponding vaccination station is the smallest and the number of professionals needed is the least. This paper takes the distribution situation of inoculation station in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City as an example. Lingo and Cplex software are used to solve the problem, and the important parameters in the model are numerically tested, the docking stations are distributed and the demand points are allocated. When the number of vaccination stations is fixed, increasing the number of professionals will reduce the distance between community residents and vaccination stations. However, if the number of vaccination stations open all day to a certain number, the increase in the number of professionals will not lead to a reduction in the total distance; When the number of professionals is certain, a moderate increase in the number of vaccination stations open throughout the day will reduce the distance between community residents and vaccination stations, when the number of professionals is excessive. Increasing the number of vaccination stations open all day does not significantly reduce the total distance; At the same time, the Government's family planning policy may affect the birth rate of newborns. The main contribution of this paper is to establish a multi-objective programming model, in which the total distance is the smallest and the number of open vaccination stations is the most. Among the minimum three goals of the number of professionals, priority is given to the goal of the minimum total distance, thus bringing convenience to the community residents and thus improving the quality of service of the vaccination station, because of the large number of vaccination stations and communities involved. The traditional analytical solution method is obviously difficult, so the computer software used in this paper is used to solve and analyze, through numerical experiments, drawing, the results are analyzed and studied in the later period. The relevant conclusions are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R186

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