本文關(guān)鍵詞： 兒童青少年 超聲心動(dòng)圖 心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)功能 敏感指標(biāo)　出處：《北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的:觀察7~14歲兒童青少年心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及功能的生長發(fā)育變化規(guī)律,并篩選出評(píng)價(jià)心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、功能發(fā)育的敏感指標(biāo)。方法:選取四川廣安市7~14歲兒童青少年作為研究對(duì)象,無心臟疾患,自愿參加本實(shí)驗(yàn)。符合要求的兒童青少年580例,其中男298例,女282例,按2歲一個(gè)年齡段將其分為4組:7~8歲組206例,9~10歲組123例,11~12歲組124例,13~14歲組127例。進(jìn)行超聲心動(dòng)測(cè)試,檢測(cè)心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo):室間隔舒張期厚度(IVSd)、室間隔收縮期厚度(IVSs)、左心室收縮期后壁厚度(LVPWs)、左心室舒張期后壁厚度(LVPWd)、左室舒張末期內(nèi)徑(LVDd)、左室收縮末期內(nèi)徑(LVDs)及主動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑(AOD);左心室功能指標(biāo):左室舒張末期容積(EDV)、左室收縮末期容積(ESV)、心率(HR)、每搏量(SV)、射血分?jǐn)?shù)(EF%)、左室短軸縮短率(FS%)、心輸出量(CO)。結(jié)果:1)7~10歲男童心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)與女童相比無明顯差異,7~12歲男童心臟功能指標(biāo)與女童相比無明顯差異。2)11~12歲男童心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)IVSd、IVSs、LVPWd、LVPWs、AOD均明顯大于9~10歲組(P0.01或P0.05),13~14歲男童心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)仍在繼續(xù)發(fā)育;心臟功能指標(biāo)從9~10歲開始,在11~14歲期間各指標(biāo)有上升趨勢(shì),但無明顯差異,以EF%、ESV和FS%變化為主。3)女童心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)育從9~10歲開始,并且到了13~14歲出現(xiàn)另一個(gè)發(fā)育高峰期,提示女童心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育呈現(xiàn)雙峰狀態(tài),敏感指標(biāo)為IVSd、LVIDs、LVPWd、AOD。心臟功能指標(biāo)發(fā)育趨勢(shì)同形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo),在9~10歲和13~14歲出現(xiàn)開始2個(gè)發(fā)育高峰,敏感指標(biāo)為EF%、EDV、ESV和SV。結(jié)論:1)心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)從11歲開始,功能從13歲開始出現(xiàn)性別差異。2)男童的心臟功能發(fā)育從9~10歲開始,而形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育從11~12歲開始,功能發(fā)育早于形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),而女童2者同步發(fā)育,且分別在9~10歲及13~14歲出現(xiàn)發(fā)育高峰期,呈現(xiàn)雙峰狀態(tài)。3)評(píng)價(jià)兒童青少年心臟形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育的敏感指標(biāo)為IVSd、LVPWd、AOD;評(píng)價(jià)功能指標(biāo)發(fā)育的敏感指標(biāo)為EF%和ESV。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the growth and development of cardiac morphology and function in children and adolescents aged 7 to 14 years old, and to screen and evaluate the heart morphological structure. Methods: a total of 580 children and adolescents, aged from 7 to 14 years old in Guangan City, Sichuan Province, who had no heart disease, volunteered to participate in the study. Among them, 298 males and 282 females were divided into 4 groups according to the age group of 2 years old and one age group: 206 cases in the group of 8 years of age and 123 cases in the group of 10 years old and 123 cases in the group of 1112 years old. 127 cases of 1314 years old group were examined by echocardiography. The indexes of cardiac morphology and structure were as follows: ventricular septal diastolic thickness (IVSdT), ventricular septal systolic thickness (VSBT) and ventricular septal systolic thickness (IVSs). Left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWsN), left ventricular diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWdN), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDdD). Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDs) and aortic diameter (AODD); Left ventricular function: left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESVV), heart rate (HRV), stroke volume (SVV), ejection fraction (EF). Results there was no significant difference in cardiac morphology and structure between male and female. There was no significant difference in cardiac function between boys aged 12 years old and girls. The morphologic structure of the heart in the AOD group was significantly larger than that in the 10 year old group (P0.01 or P0.05) and the heart structure of 1314 years old boys was still developing. The indexes of cardiac function began from 9 to 10 years old and showed an upward trend during 1114 years old, but there was no significant difference between them (EF%). The changes of ESV and FS% were mainly. 3) the development of heart morphologic structure of girls began at 9 ~ 10 years old and reached another peak at 13 ~ 14 years old. It was suggested that the development of heart morphology and structure in girls showed double peaks, and the sensitive index was IVSdL LVIDsL PWd AOD. The development trend of cardiac function index was the same as that of morphological structure index. At the age of 9 ~ 10 years and 13 ~ 14 years old, two developmental peaks began to appear. The sensitive indexes were EFI EDV ESV and SV.Conclusion: 1) the cardiac morphologic structure starts from the age of 11 years. The development of heart function began from 9 to 10 years old, while the morphological and structural development began from 11 to 12 years old, and the function development was earlier than the morphological structure. The girls developed synchronously, and the peak of development occurred at 9 ~ 10 years old and 13 ~ 14 years old respectively, showing a bimodal state. 3) the sensitive index to evaluate the development of heart morphology and structure in children and adolescents was IVSd. LVPWdAODL; The sensitive indicators for evaluating the development of functional indicators were EF% and ESV.
【作者單位】： 北京體育大學(xué);
【基金】：高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金資助課題(編號(hào):20131112110001)
【分類號(hào)】：R540.45;R179
【正文快照】： 投稿日期:2015-12-18SV,EF%,FS%,and CO.Results:1)There are no significant differences of cardiac morphology indices be-tween 7-10 year old boys and girls and no significant differences of cardiac function indices between 7-12 year oldboys and girls.2)IVSd,

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