本文關(guān)鍵詞：6～18歲兒童青少年膳食結(jié)構(gòu)及脂肪酸構(gòu)成對(duì)血脂水平的影響　出處：《寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 膳食結(jié)構(gòu) 脂肪酸 血脂 營(yíng)養(yǎng)護(hù)理 兒童青少年

【摘要】：目的調(diào)查分析6～18歲兒童青少年膳食攝入狀況，探討膳食脂肪、脂肪酸構(gòu)成（飽和脂肪酸:單不飽和脂肪酸:多不飽和脂肪酸，SFA:MUFA:PUFA，S:M:P）與血脂的關(guān)系。為早期預(yù)防和控制心血管疾病，正確認(rèn)識(shí)膳食脂肪的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，合理調(diào)整膳食結(jié)構(gòu)以及營(yíng)養(yǎng)護(hù)理指導(dǎo)提供理論依據(jù)。 方法采用多階段隨機(jī)抽樣方法，抽取寧夏6～18歲兒童青少年作為調(diào)查對(duì)象，采用自制問(wèn)卷進(jìn)行一般情況的調(diào)查，用食物頻率問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法結(jié)合稱重法及24小時(shí)膳食回憶法進(jìn)行膳食攝入狀況的調(diào)查，并計(jì)算營(yíng)養(yǎng)素?cái)z入量、供能比及SFA:MUFA:PUFA以及n-6PUFA:n-3PUFA；評(píng)價(jià)研究對(duì)象的營(yíng)養(yǎng)素?cái)z入狀況；并檢測(cè)空腹血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C的水平。 結(jié)果1.本次共調(diào)查6～18歲兒童青少年560人，最終接受調(diào)查且各項(xiàng)資料記錄完整者554人，其中青銅峽市共調(diào)查289人，海原縣共調(diào)查265人；漢族288例，回族265例，蒙族1例；男288例，女266例；平均年齡12.63±3.72(歲)。 2.研究對(duì)象膳食能量及各種營(yíng)養(yǎng)素的平均攝入量為：能量1576.81±301.43(kcal/d)，碳水化合物219.40±43.59(g/d)，蛋白質(zhì)55.63±14.02(g/d)，脂肪56.09±12.09(g/d)，膽固醇98.26±44.58(mg/d)，膳食纖維13.98±3.17(g/d)。膳食脂肪酸構(gòu)成比SFA:MUFA: PUFA約為1:1.2:1.4，n-6PUFA與n-3PUFA供能比約為1.8:1。 3.研究對(duì)象TG1.07±0.49(mmol/L)，TC3.38±0.70(mmol/L)，HDL-C1.31±0.36(mmol/L)，LDL-C2.04±1.15(mmol/L)。共檢出血脂異常210例，檢出率為37.91%，其中漢族血脂異常檢出率為33.33%，回族血脂異常檢出率為43.01%。 4.膳食總能量與HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，碳水化合物供能比與HDL-C和LDL-C呈正相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，蛋白質(zhì)攝入量及供能比與HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，脂肪攝入量與TC、HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，脂肪供能比與TC、和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，膽固醇攝入量與HDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，膳食總脂肪酸攝入量與TC、HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，SFA攝入量與TC呈正相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，與HDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，SFA供能比與TC、LDL-C呈正相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，與HDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，MUFA攝入量與TC和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，PUFA攝入量及供能比與HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，n-6PUFA攝入量及n-6PUFA供能比與HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)，n-3PUFA攝入量與TC和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，n-3PUFA供能比與HDL-C呈正相關(guān)(P＜0.05)，n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA與HDL-C和LDL-C呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P＜0.01)。 5.攝入的SFA產(chǎn)能占總能量的百分比為4.87%時(shí)，升高HDL-C的作用具有顯著性(P＜0.001)，SFA產(chǎn)能占總能量的百分比為6.27%時(shí)，升高TC和LDL-C的作用具有顯著性(P＜0.001)；攝入的MUFA產(chǎn)能占總能量的百分比處于11.17%左右時(shí)，降低TG，升高HDL-C的作用具有顯著性(P＜0.001)；攝入的PUFA產(chǎn)能占總能量的百分比為9.27%時(shí)，降低TG(P＜0.05)，升高HDL-C的作用具有顯著性(P＜0.001)，PUFA產(chǎn)能占總能量的百分比為12.36%時(shí)，降低TC(P＜0.05)和LDL-C(P＜0.001)的作用具有顯著性。 6.當(dāng)脂肪供能比為20％～30％時(shí)，三種脂肪酸供能比SFA:MUFA:PUFA為1:1.4:1.7時(shí)，調(diào)查對(duì)象血清TG處于最低水平(P＜0.001)，同時(shí)HDL-C處于最高水平(P＜0.001)；當(dāng)脂肪供能比為30％～45％時(shí)，三種脂肪酸供能比SFA:MUFA:PUFA為1:0.8:1.2時(shí)，調(diào)查對(duì)象血清TC和LDL-C處于最低水平(P＜0.001)。n-6PUFA與n-3PUFA供能比的比值為2.47:1時(shí)，調(diào)查對(duì)象血清LDL-C處于最低水平(P＜0.001)。n-6PUFA: n-3PUFA的比值為1.67:1，調(diào)查對(duì)象血清HDL-C處于最高水平(P＜0.001)，血清TG處于最低水平(P＜0.05)。 結(jié)論1.與中國(guó)居民膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)素推薦攝入量相比，本研究6～18歲兒童青少年膳食總能量、蛋白質(zhì)攝入量、碳水化合物供能比偏低，膳食脂肪供能比偏高。 2.與中國(guó)居民膳食脂肪適宜攝入量相比，本研究6～18歲兒童青少年MUFA和PUFA攝入量較多，SFA攝入量相對(duì)較少，其中n-6PUFA與n-3PUFA供能比n-6/n-3PUFA比值偏低。 3.當(dāng)脂肪供能比為20％～30％時(shí)，適當(dāng)增加MUFA與n-3PUFA的攝入，，更有利于維持研究對(duì)象較低的血脂水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and analyze the 6 ~ 18 year old children and adolescents dietary intake of dietary fat, fatty acids (saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, SFA:MUFA:PUFA, S:M:P) and the relationship of blood lipid. For the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases, the correct understanding of the nutritional value of dietary fat, theory on the basis of reasonable adjustment of diet structure and nutritional nursing instruction.
Methods by multi-stage random sampling method, extraction of Ningxia 6 ~ 18 years old children and adolescents as the research object, using the questionnaire of general situation, combined with the weighing method and 24 hour dietary recall method to investigate the status of dietary intake by food frequency questionnaire, and calculate the nutrient intake, energy supply and the ratio of SFA:MUFA:PUFA and n-6PUFA:n-3PUFA; the evaluation study of nutritional status; and the fasting serum TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C.
The results of this survey were 1. 6 ~ 18 years old children and adolescents in 560, and the final survey records in 554 people, including 289 people were investigated in Qingtongxia City, Haiyuan County, a total of 265 people were investigated; 288 cases of Han, Hui and Mongolian in 265 cases, 1 cases; 288 cases were male, 266 were female; average age 12.63 + 3.72 (years old).
The average intake of 2. of dietary energy and nutrients for energy: 1576.81 + 301.43 (kcal/d), carbohydrate (g/d) 219.40 + 43.59, 55.63 + 14.02 (g/d) protein, fat 56.09 + 12.09 (g/d), cholesterol (mg/d) 98.26 + 44.58, 13.98 + 3.17 dietary fiber (g/d) diet. The fatty acid composition of SFA:MUFA: PUFA is about 1:1.2:1.4, n-6PUFA and n-3PUFA than for approximately 1.8:1.
3. the subjects were TG1.07 + 0.49 (mmol/L), TC3.38 + 0.70 (mmol/L), HDL-C1.31 + 0.36 (mmol/L), LDL-C2.04 + 1.15 (mmol/L). 210 cases of dyslipidemia were detected. The detection rate was 37.91%. The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia in Han nationality was 33.33%, and the detection rate of Hui dyslipidemia was 43.01%..
4.鑶抽鎬昏兘閲忎笌HDL-C鍜孡DL-C鍛堣礋鐩稿叧(P錛

本文編號(hào)：1439882