本文關(guān)鍵詞：河北省農(nóng)村5歲以下兒童疫苗接種現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查　出處：《中國(guó)熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)》2016年01期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 農(nóng)村 兒童 監(jiān)護(hù)人 接種率 滿意度

【摘要】：目的了解河北省農(nóng)村5歲以下兒童預(yù)防接種狀況,尋找影響因素,為制定免疫策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法采用多階段分層整群隨機(jī)抽樣的方法,在河北省8個(gè)農(nóng)村縣的4 800戶家庭中,按照留守與非留守分組調(diào)查5歲以下兒童監(jiān)護(hù)狀態(tài)及卡介苗、百白破、脊髓灰質(zhì)炎、麻疹、乙肝5種疫苗的接種率及其監(jiān)護(hù)人對(duì)接種服務(wù)的滿意度,接種憑證以卡、證記錄為準(zhǔn)。結(jié)果調(diào)查農(nóng)村居民4 800戶,5歲以下兒童1 022名,其中留守兒童270名,占26.42%。兩類兒童平均年齡分別為2.67、2.62歲,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。留守兒童監(jiān)護(hù)人以母親為主為68.15%、其次為祖父母為27.41%�？ń槊�、百白破、脊灰、麻疹、乙肝疫苗的全程接種率分別為98.53%、95.01%、96.19%、88.26%、98.04%。兩類兒童含麻疹成分疫苗2針接種率均最低,分別為87.78%、88.43%;卡介苗接種率均最高,分別為97.78%、98.80%。兩類兒童比較卡介苗、百白破、麻疹成分疫苗接種率差異顯著,脊灰、乙肝無(wú)顯著差異。所有調(diào)查兒童五苗全程接種率為61.15%,留守兒童為45.56%,非留守兒童為66.76%(P0.01)。監(jiān)護(hù)人類型影響了五種疫苗全程接種率,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。留守兒童監(jiān)護(hù)人對(duì)預(yù)防接種服務(wù)滿意度為85.56%,非留守為89.10%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論河北省農(nóng)村5歲以下兒童,特別是留守兒童五苗全程接種率低,留守兒童監(jiān)護(hù)人對(duì)接種服務(wù)的滿意度較低,需綜合分析影響因素,制定有效措施提高各種疫苗的全程接種率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the vaccination status of children under 5 years of age in rural areas of Hebei Province, to find out the influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of immunization strategies. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used. Among 4,800 families in 8 rural counties of Hebei Province, the surveillance status of children under 5 years old and BCG vaccine, white tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles were investigated according to left-behind and non-left-behind groups. The vaccination rate of 5 kinds of hepatitis B vaccine and the satisfaction degree of the guardian to the inoculation service were determined by the card and the record of the certificate. Results 1 022 children under 5 years of age in 4 800 families of rural residents were investigated. Among them, 270 children were left behind, accounting for 26.42 children. The average age of the two types of children was 2.67 to 2.62 years old respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (P 0.05). The majority of the guardians of left-behind children were mothers (68.15) and grandparents (27.41). BCG, P0.05, poliomyelitis, measles. The total vaccination rates of hepatitis B vaccine were 98.53 and 95.01 and 96.19 respectively, and 88.26 and 98.04 respectively. The vaccination rates of two kinds of children containing measles vaccine were the lowest. 87.78 and 88.43, respectively; The BCG vaccination rate was the highest, 97.78% and 98.80%, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups of children in BCG vaccine, DPT and measles vaccine coverage rate, poliomyelitis. There was no significant difference in hepatitis B. the total coverage rate of all the investigated children was 61.15 and that of the left-behind children was 45.56%. The number of non-left-behind children was 66.76 and P0.01.The type of guardian affected the total vaccination rate of the five vaccines. The difference was statistically significant (P0.01). The satisfaction of guardian of left-behind children to inoculation service was 85.56 and that of non-left-behind was 89.10%. Conclusion the total vaccination rate of children under 5 years old, especially the left-behind children in Hebei Province is low, and the satisfaction of guardian of left-behind children is low. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors and formulate effective measures to improve the coverage rate of all kinds of vaccines.
【作者單位】： 石家莊市疾病預(yù)防控制中心;河北省醫(yī)學(xué)情報(bào)所;
【基金】：河北省醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)研究重點(diǎn)課題計(jì)劃(No.ZL20140157)
【分類號(hào)】：R186
【正文快照】： 我國(guó)實(shí)施擴(kuò)大計(jì)劃免疫(EPI)以來,極大地提高了兒童免疫接種覆蓋率,有效降低了疫苗可預(yù)防性疾病的發(fā)生。但隨著農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力外出務(wù)工數(shù)量的快速增多,留守兒童成為普遍現(xiàn)象[1]。兒童監(jiān)護(hù)人的變化,極易影響兒童疫苗接種的順利實(shí)施[2]。本文了解河北省農(nóng)村地區(qū)5歲以下兒童疫苗接種現(xiàn)

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