本文關鍵詞：硒對貧鈾氣管灌注大鼠致?lián)p傷的防護作用　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 硒 貧鈾 氣管灌注 損傷 防護作用

【摘要】：貧鈾（Depleted Uranium）的主要成分是U3O8，具備天然鈾所具有的化學性質(zhì)。貧鈾除了具有重金屬的損傷作用外，還具有放射損傷作用，其有軍事方面的用途，用來制造貧鈾武器，貧鈾彈爆炸后會產(chǎn)生大量的氣溶膠，這些氣溶膠通過呼吸道進入人體，對人體造成極大的損傷。目前，在貧鈾損傷方面的研究很多，但在貧鈾損傷定量防護方面的研究比較匱乏。 本研究通過不同劑量的硒灌胃大鼠，然后建立貧鈾氣管灌注的損傷模型，觀察不同時間點大鼠體重、肺鈾含量、外周血細胞參數(shù)、臟器系數(shù)、T淋巴細胞及其亞群參數(shù)、免疫球蛋白、內(nèi)分泌指標、血液生化指標、氧化指標及病理指標的變化情況，評價硒對貧鈾氣管灌注大鼠損傷的防護作用，為人類貧鈾危害的防護措施提供系統(tǒng)的參考依據(jù)。 采用wistar大鼠，隨機分為正常對照組、DU染毒組、DU+低硒組、DU+中硒組、DU+高硒組，每組45只，并留10只作為染毒后0天活殺。按硒含量分別為50μg/kg體重、200μg/kg體重、500μg/kg體重灌胃給予硒溶液，每天一次直至活殺，3天后，通過單劑量無手術的氣管插管方法灌注貧鈾懸液，按鈾含量500μg/只，分別在氣管灌注后第0天、7天、14天、28天活殺大鼠，測定體重、肺中貧鈾含量，，臟器指數(shù)、淋巴細胞及其亞群、免疫球蛋白、內(nèi)分泌指標、血液生化指標、氧化指標，觀察并分析病理變化。 DU染毒后7天時，DU染毒組大鼠體重下降，肺鈾含量下降，白細胞數(shù)升高，紅細胞數(shù)顯著降低，血紅蛋白及血小板含量升高，臟器系數(shù)改變，成熟T淋巴細胞總數(shù)顯著下降，免疫球膽白IGg顯著降低，甲狀腺軸指標TSH、T3、FT3、T4、FT4均降低，腎上腺軸指標ACTH、ALD、COR均升高，肝功能指標AST、ALT和ALB升高，腎功能指標UA升高，心肌酶譜CK、AST明顯升高，血脂TG明顯降、HDL明顯升高，氧化指標MDA明顯升高，GSH-px明顯降低，肺泡間隔內(nèi)成纖維細胞增生間隔增寬、支氣管旁淋巴細胞浸潤、肺泡腔或細支氣管腔內(nèi)纖維蛋白滲出、肺泡間隔斷裂、紅細胞滲出，膠原沉積水平，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表達顯著升高；而硒防護組病變程度明顯減輕，膠原沉積及8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表達明顯減少。 DU染毒后14天時，DU染毒組大鼠紅細胞數(shù)、肺臟系數(shù)、CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、T3、T4、FT4、AST、ALT、TP、Cre、HDL、GSH-px及病變程度、膠原沉積水平，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表達與正常對照組相比差異明顯。而中劑量硒防護組與DU對照組相比改善作用明顯。 DU染毒后28天時，DU染毒組大鼠白細胞總數(shù)、肝臟系數(shù)、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、FT4、Cre、MDA、GSH-px、膠原沉積，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表達與正常對照組相比差異明顯。而中劑量硒防護組與DU對照組相比改善作用明顯。 結論，DU氣管灌注對大鼠具有系統(tǒng)性、功能性及器質(zhì)性損傷，對肺的損傷最為嚴重。DU可以引起大鼠體重下降、外周血參數(shù)失常、免疫功能受到抑制、內(nèi)分泌失調(diào)、肝功能失常、腎功能失常、氧化損傷嚴重，肺臟出現(xiàn)嚴重的病理損傷，硒防組DU對照組相比改善作用明顯，因此硒對貧鈾氣管灌注大鼠所致?lián)p傷具有防護作用。
[Abstract]:Depleted uranium (Depleted Uranium) is the main component of U3O8, have chemical properties with the natural uranium. Uranium in addition to damage with heavy metals, but also has the effect of radiation damage, the use of the military, used in the manufacture of depleted uranium weapons, depleted uranium bombs will generate a lot of aerosol, the aerosol through the respiratory tract into the body, causing great damage to the human body. At present, many studies on depleted uranium damage, but in the quantitative study of depleted uranium injury protection aspects are scarce.
Through the study of different doses of selenium in rats, and then establish the damage model of depleted uranium tracheal perfusion, to observe the weight of rats at different time points, the uranium content of lung, peripheral blood cell parameters, organ coefficient, and the parameters of T lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin, endocrine index, blood biochemical index, changes of oxidation the index and pathological indicators, evaluation of protective effect of selenium on injury of trachea in rats depleted uranium, provide systematic reference for human harm of depleted uranium protective measures.
The Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, DU group, DU+ low selenium group, Se group in DU+, DU+ high selenium group, 45 rats in each group, and leave only 0 days after exposure as 10 killed. According to the selenium content of 50 g/kg body weight, 200 g/kg body weight, 500 g/kg Ig given selenium solution, once a day until killed, 3 days later, by a single dose of no operative method of endotracheal intubation perfusion suspension by depleted uranium, uranium content of 500 g/, respectively in the trachea after zeroth days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, the rats were sacrificed and the determination of weight uranium content in the lung, organ index, lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin, endocrine index, blood biochemical index, oxidation index, observation and analysis of pathological changes.
7 days after DU exposure, DU rats weight loss, decreased lung uranium content, elevated white blood cells, red blood cell number decreased significantly, increased hemoglobin and platelet content, organ coefficient change, mature T lymphocyte count was significantly decreased, IGg significantly decreased the immune white bladder, thyroid axis index TSH, T3, FT3. T4, FT4 were decreased and the adrenal axis index ACTH, ALD, COR were increased, liver function indexes of AST, ALT and ALB increased, UA increased CK index of renal function, myocardial enzymes, serum AST increased significantly, TG decreased, HDL increased significantly, the oxidation index of MDA was significantly increased, GSH-px decreased significantly, the alveolar septa the fibroblast proliferation septum, peribronchial lymphocytic infiltration, alveolar cavity or fine bronchial fibrin exudation, alveolar septum fracture, extravasation of red blood cells and collagen deposition, 8-hydroxygwunosine, Caspase3 expression was significantly increased; and selenium protection group The degree of collagen deposition and the expression of 8-hydroxygwunosine and Caspase3 decreased significantly.
14 days after DU exposure, DU treated rats the number of red blood cell, lung coefficient, CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, T3, T4, FT4, AST, ALT, TP, Cre, HDL, GSH-px and the severity of the disease, the level of collagen deposition, 8-hydroxygwunosine, the expression of Caspase3 compared with the normal control group was significantly different. While the dose selenium protection group compared with DU group obviously improved.
28 days after DU exposure, the total number of white blood cells, DU rats liver coefficient, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, FT4, Cre, MDA, GSH-px, 8-hydroxygwunosine, collagen deposition and expression of Caspase3 compared with the normal control group significantly. While the dose of selenium protective group and DU control group compared with the obvious improvement.
Conclusion DU trachea with system of rats, organic and functional injury of lung injury is the most serious.DU can cause weight loss in rats, peripheral blood parameters of arrhythmia, the inhibition of immune function, endocrine disorders, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, severe oxidative damage, lung pathological serious injury, anti selenium group DU improved obviously, so the selenium depleted uranium caused by trachea injury in rats has a protective effect.

【學位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R114

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