本文關(guān)鍵詞：安徽兩市社區(qū)居家老人健康照顧需求—供給—利用研究　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：目的為了解城市社區(qū)居家老人健康狀況、居家老人對(duì)社區(qū)健康照顧服務(wù)需求與社區(qū)提供以及利用現(xiàn)狀,進(jìn)一步建立健全社區(qū)居家老人綜合健康照顧服務(wù)體系、完善社區(qū)老年健康照顧綜合服務(wù)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法按照多階段分層隨機(jī)抽樣方法,選擇年滿65歲及以上的城市社區(qū)居家老年人群作為樣本人群。采用自行設(shè)計(jì)的《安徽居家老人社區(qū)健康照顧需求-供給-利用現(xiàn)狀研究》調(diào)查問卷,經(jīng)由統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn)的研究生調(diào)查員先后到阜陽與合肥兩市實(shí)施現(xiàn)場調(diào)查。采用Epidata 3.1建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,建立核查文件并進(jìn)行雙錄入。將數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)出并轉(zhuǎn)換為SPSS數(shù)據(jù)類型文件,并運(yùn)用相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析模型進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果(1)基本情況:本次共調(diào)查534人,回收有效問卷500份,有效應(yīng)答率93.6%。被調(diào)查社區(qū)老年人的年齡在65-98歲之間,平均年齡73.12±6.82歲;(2)健康狀況:僅45人(9.0%)在生活自理能力、心理健康狀況、社會(huì)交往及認(rèn)知能力四個(gè)健康維度量表評(píng)估均為“好”,其他則在四個(gè)健康維度中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)維度有不同程度的健康減退;368位(73.6%)患有經(jīng)醫(yī)院確診的慢性疾病,92位(18.4%)近兩周內(nèi)患有疾病(除慢性疾病);(3)健康照顧服務(wù)需求:181人(36.2%)需要生理照顧服務(wù)項(xiàng)目,259人(51.8%)需要心理照顧服務(wù),353人(70.6%)需要社交照顧服務(wù),500人(100.0%)需要社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。如果有能力幫助社區(qū)其他老人時(shí),409人(81.8%)愿意提供幫助,417人(83.4%)愿意接受社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)。(4)社區(qū)健康照顧服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀:2人(0.4%)接受過生理健康服務(wù),99人(19.8%)接受過心理健康服務(wù),153人(30.6%)接受過社交服務(wù),451人(90.2%)接受過社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù),所列出的28項(xiàng)服務(wù)利用率排名前三的為健康體檢(87.8%)、建立健康檔案及維護(hù)(79.0%)、老年健身場所/設(shè)施(30.6%);(5)以需求為導(dǎo)向的社區(qū)健康照顧綜合服務(wù):經(jīng)聚類分析將28項(xiàng)服務(wù)分為四類,分別為個(gè)體健康照顧需求類,16項(xiàng);集體健康照顧需求類,6項(xiàng);日常健康照顧需求類,1項(xiàng);基礎(chǔ)健康照顧需求類,5項(xiàng)。結(jié)論調(diào)查人群健康狀況在四個(gè)維度評(píng)估中,生理能力較好,心理健康與認(rèn)知能力一般,社交狀況略差。社區(qū)居家老年人健康照顧服務(wù)需求較高,而知曉社區(qū)提供服務(wù)或服務(wù)利用情況較差,社區(qū)服務(wù)尚未滿足老人健康照顧需求,而對(duì)各服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的需求差別較大,且滿足情況較差。應(yīng)以需求為導(dǎo)向,考慮健康需求項(xiàng)目的特性,根據(jù)聚類分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行分類管理,完善社區(qū)老年健康照顧綜合服務(wù)以利于增強(qiáng)社區(qū)健康干預(yù)效果、改善社區(qū)居家老人生存狀況及提高健康滿意度。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the health status of the elderly living at home in the urban community, and to establish and improve the comprehensive health care service system for the elderly in the community. To improve the community elderly health care comprehensive services to provide scientific basis. Methods according to the multi-stage stratified random sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was designed to investigate the demand, supply and utilization of community health care for the elderly aged 65 and above in urban communities. Through the unified training of graduate investigators to Fuyang and Hefei two cities to carry out on-site investigation, using Epidata 3.1 to establish the database. Create a verification file and double input. Export and convert the database to a SPSS data type file. The results are as follows: 534 people were surveyed and 500 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective response rate was 93.60.The age of the elderly in the investigated community was between 65 and 98 years old, and the average age was 73.12 鹵6.82 years old. (2) Health status: only 45 people were assessed as "good" in the four health dimensions of self-care ability, mental health status, social interaction and cognitive ability. Others had varying degrees of decline in one or more of the four health dimensions; 368 patients (73.6) were diagnosed by hospital and 92 patients (18.4%) suffered from diseases (except chronic diseases) in the last two weeks. Health care service demand: 181 to 36.2.) need for physiological care service 259 people and 51.8) need psychological care services. Social care needs 500 people 100.0) need community health services if they are able to help other elderly people in the community. 409 people 81.8) are willing to help. 4people 83.4) willing to accept community old-age care. 4) Community health care service status quo: 2 people / 0. 4) have received physical health services. Mental health services 153 people have received social services 451 people have received social services 90.2%) have received community health services. The top three of the 28 items listed in the list were health check-up (87.8%), the establishment of health records and maintenance (79.0%), and the 30.610% health facilities / facilities for the elderly. (5) Integrated community health care services based on demand: through cluster analysis, 28 services were divided into four categories, 16 items for individual health care needs; 6 items of group health care needs; 1 item for daily health care needs; Conclusion the health status of the investigated population in the four dimensions of assessment, physiological ability is better, mental health and cognitive ability is general. Social status is a little bad. Community elderly health care service demand is higher, but the community service or service utilization is poor, community service has not yet met the elderly health care needs. However, the demand for each service item is quite different, and the satisfaction is poor. We should take the demand as the direction, consider the characteristics of the health demand item, and carry on the classification management according to the cluster analysis result. To improve the community elderly health care comprehensive services in order to enhance the community health intervention effect, improve the living conditions of the elderly in the community and improve health satisfaction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R161.7

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