【摘要】：目的:了解醫(yī)院抗菌藥物應(yīng)用和臨床主要致病菌耐藥情況,為細(xì)菌感染性疾病治療和抗菌藥物合理應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。方法:統(tǒng)計(jì)咸陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院2011-2013年住院患者抗菌藥物的消耗金額和用藥頻度(DDDs),并對(duì)同期臨床送檢標(biāo)本進(jìn)行細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)鑒定及藥敏試驗(yàn),分析其結(jié)果。結(jié)果:2011-2013年,頭孢菌素類、β-內(nèi)酰胺酶抑制劑復(fù)方制劑和其他β-內(nèi)酰胺類抗菌藥物的消耗金額始終排在各類抗菌藥物的前3位,喹諾酮類所占銷售金額的比例逐年下降,但其代表品種左氧氟沙星的DDDs在2013年出現(xiàn)上升且排序提前。表皮葡萄球菌居醫(yī)院感染葡萄球菌中的第1位,始終位列分離病原菌的前3位,對(duì)很多藥物的耐藥率達(dá)50%以上。大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和銅綠假單胞菌是分離出的主要革蘭陰性菌,對(duì)多種抗菌藥物具有不同程度的耐藥性。結(jié)論:該院的細(xì)菌耐藥形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻,應(yīng)根據(jù)藥敏結(jié)果謹(jǐn)慎選擇抗菌藥物以進(jìn)一步提高臨床療效。
[Abstract]:Aim: to understand the application of antibiotics in hospital and the drug resistance of major clinical pathogens in order to provide the basis for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases and the rational use of antibiotics. Methods: the consumption and frequency of antibacterial drugs in the inpatients of Xianyang Central Hospital from 2011 to 2013 were counted and the bacterial culture identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out on the samples sent for clinical examination at the same time. The results were analyzed. Results: from 2011 to 2013, the consumption of cephalosporins, 尾-lactamase inhibitor compound preparations and other 尾-lactam antibiotics ranked among the top 3 antibiotics. The proportion of quinolones in sales declined year by year, but the DDDs of levofloxacin, a representative of quinolones, increased and ranked earlier in 2013. Staphylococci epidermidis ranked first among hospital-infected staphylococci and always ranked among the top three isolated pathogens. The drug-resistant rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis to many drugs was more than 50%. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the major gram-negative bacteria isolated and have different degrees of drug resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: the situation of bacterial drug resistance in this hospital is serious, and antibiotics should be carefully selected according to the results of drug sensitivity in order to further improve the clinical efficacy.
【作者單位】： 陜西中醫(yī)學(xué)院;咸陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院;
【分類號(hào)】：R95

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