發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-13 10:38

【摘要】： 共鳴功能障礙是言語障礙的一種,它主要包括口腔共鳴障礙和鼻腔共鳴障礙兩種類型,共鳴功能的評估也就包括口腔共鳴功能的評估和鼻腔共鳴功能的評估兩個(gè)方面,本研究的重點(diǎn)是鼻腔共鳴功能的評估。 目前,國內(nèi)鼻腔共鳴功能的評估已經(jīng)具備了一定的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn),主要包括主觀評估和客觀評估。在客觀評估方面,主要采用的參數(shù)為鼻流量。鼻流量屬于時(shí)域維度的參數(shù),而共鳴屬于頻域范疇的聲學(xué)特征,因此對于共鳴功能的評估,頻域維度的參數(shù)更具說服力。本研究的重點(diǎn)是從頻域維度(共振峰及其相關(guān)參數(shù))研究能夠用于鼻腔共鳴功能客觀評估的聲學(xué)參數(shù)。本研究首先利用語音信號處理技術(shù),對口鼻通道分開錄入的聲音信號進(jìn)行分析,提取出各個(gè)通道的聲學(xué)特征參數(shù)。其次,根據(jù)參數(shù)的特點(diǎn)選取具有鑒別意義的語音材料,并收集3～5歲正常兒童和鼻音功能異常兒童的語料。然后,對錄制的語音材料進(jìn)行參數(shù)分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,對不同類型的語音信號加以鑒別和區(qū)分。最后,對正常兒童和鼻音功能異常兒童進(jìn)行對照分析,比較其差異。 本研究主要分析的參數(shù)為鼻部第一共振峰及其帶寬和口部第二共振峰。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),鼻部第一共振峰和口部第二共振峰可以作為鑒別韻母中是否含有鼻音的參數(shù)；鼻部第一共振峰及其帶寬可以作為鑒別聲母是否為鼻音的參數(shù)。 鼻腔共鳴功能客觀評估的聲學(xué)參數(shù)的研究,具有重要的臨床意義。頻域維度的聲學(xué)參數(shù)能夠更有效、更精確地反映聲道共鳴功能；從而為獲得更加準(zhǔn)確的鼻腔共鳴功能評估結(jié)果提供了客觀的數(shù)據(jù)支持,使康復(fù)訓(xùn)練方案的制訂更加具有針對意義；同時(shí)還能夠?qū)祻?fù)訓(xùn)練的效果進(jìn)行監(jiān)控,從而選擇更有效的訓(xùn)練方式。
[Abstract]:Resonance dysfunction is a kind of speech disorder. It mainly includes two types: oral resonance disorder and nasal resonance disorder. The evaluation of resonance function includes the evaluation of oral resonance function and the evaluation of nasal resonance function. The focus of this study is the assessment of nasal resonance function. At present, the evaluation of nasal resonance function in China has some clinical experience, including subjective assessment and objective evaluation. In objective evaluation, the main parameter used is nose flow. Nose flow belongs to the parameters of time domain and resonance belongs to the acoustic feature of frequency domain, so the parameter of frequency domain is more persuasive for the evaluation of resonance function. The focus of this study is to study the acoustic parameters that can be used to objectively evaluate the resonance function of nasal cavity from the frequency domain dimension (resonance peak and its related parameters). In this study, the acoustic characteristic parameters of each channel were extracted by analyzing the audio signals recorded separately from the mouth and nose channels by using the speech signal processing technology. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the parameters, the speech materials with distinguishing significance were selected, and the data of 35 years old normal children and children with abnormal nasal sound function were collected. Then, the parameter analysis and experimental study of recorded speech materials are carried out, and different types of speech signals are identified and distinguished. Finally, normal children and children with abnormal nasal sound function were compared and analyzed. The main parameters of this study are the nasal first resonance peak and its bandwidth and the second oral resonance peak. According to the experimental results, it is found that the nasal first resonance peak and the second oral resonance peak can be used as parameters to identify whether the vowels contain nasal sounds, and the first nasal resonance peak and its bandwidth can be used as parameters to identify whether the consonants are nasal sounds or not. The study of acoustic parameters for objective evaluation of nasal resonance function is of great clinical significance. The acoustic parameters in frequency domain can reflect the resonance function of the channel more effectively and accurately, thus providing objective data support for obtaining more accurate evaluation results of nasal resonance function. At the same time, it can monitor the effect of rehabilitation training and choose more effective training methods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R765

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