淚道的超聲顯像及生理測值研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-25 09:09
【摘要】： 目的探討淚道的正常超聲表現(xiàn)及其各徑線的超聲生理測值,以期能提供淚道疾病的超聲診斷依據(jù)。 方法應(yīng)用高頻超聲對235例成人左右側(cè)淚道進行檢查,仰臥位,兩眼微閉,眼窩部以耦合劑填充,減少眼角凹陷與探頭間的間隙。對左右側(cè)淚囊分別橫向掃查,在顯示最大橫切面時,測量內(nèi)外側(cè)壁間距離作為淚囊最大左右徑；旋轉(zhuǎn)探頭,顯示淚囊縱切面,分別測量淚囊頂部至下端、前后側(cè)壁間距離作為最大長徑、前后徑,同時測量淚囊壁厚度。在淚囊縱切面略移探頭,探及淚囊上端的淚小管,測其內(nèi)徑。在超聲顯示左右側(cè)淚小管、淚囊和鼻淚管的基礎(chǔ)上,分別觀察和比較左右淚道各部的超聲表現(xiàn)、顯示率及其生理測值,并對各組間相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果(1)得出淚道各部的顯示率：其中以淚囊顯示率最高,淚小管的顯示率相對低,鼻淚管顯示率極低。成人左右淚囊的顯示率分別為91.9%和93.6%,左右淚小管顯示率均為14.9%,左右鼻淚管顯示率則為0.4%和0%。(2)確定左右淚道各部的測值,得出各組間的統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析結(jié)果：同性別間各測值比較,左側(cè)淚囊長徑大于右側(cè)(P0.01)；不同性別間各測值比較,男性雙側(cè)淚囊長徑大于女性(P0.05),前后徑亦大于女性(P0.01)。(3)觀察淚道超聲聲像圖：淚道為低或無回聲區(qū),呈管形、圓形或橢圓形。 結(jié)論超聲不但能獲得滿意的淚囊聲像,還可顯示部分淚小管,并可觀察到鼻淚管的最上端。超聲可以清晰顯示淚囊的相應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu),而淚小管因其腔小壁薄,伸縮性強,不易顯示其完整形態(tài),顯示率相對低,鼻淚管因超聲難以穿透其骨性結(jié)構(gòu)而較難顯示。研究淚道聲像圖表現(xiàn)及其正常測值將有助于淚道疾病的超聲診斷。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the normal ultrasonographic manifestation of lacrimal duct and the ultrasonic physiological value of each diameter in order to provide the ultrasonic diagnosis basis for lacrimal duct disease. Methods 235 cases of adult lacrimal duct were examined by high frequency ultrasound. The lacrimal duct was supine, two eyes were microclosed, and the socket was filled with coupling agent to reduce the gap between the angle depression and the probe. The left and right dacryocysts were scanned laterally. The distance between the lateral wall and the lateral wall was measured as the maximum left and right diameter of the dacryocyst, the longitudinal section of the dacryocyst was displayed by rotating probe, and the top of the dacryocyst was measured from the top to the lower end of the dacryocyst. The distance between the anteroposterior and lateral walls was regarded as the maximum length and the anteroposterior diameter, and the thickness of the dacryocyst wall was measured. The probe was slightly shifted on the longitudinal section of the dacryocyst, and the inner diameter of the lacrimal canaliculus was measured at the upper end of the dacryocyst. On the basis of the left and right lacrimal canaliculus, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct, the sonographic manifestations, the display rate and the physiological values of the left and right lacrimal duct were observed and compared respectively, and the corresponding data were analyzed statistically. Results (1) the display rate of lacrimal duct was the highest in lacrimal sac, low in lacrimal duct and extremely low in nasolacrimal duct. The display rates of left and right lacrimal sac in adults were 91.9% and 93.6%, respectively. The display rates of left and right lacrimal canals were 14.9% and 0.4% and 0%, respectively. (2) the values of left and right lacrimal duct were determined, and the results of statistical analysis were obtained. The length diameter of left lacrimal sac was larger than that of right side (P0.01), the length of male dacryocyst was larger than that of female (P0.05), and the anterior and posterior diameter of male dacryocyst was larger than that of female (P0.01). (3). Conclusion Ultrasound can not only obtain satisfactory image of lacrimal sac, but also display part of lacrimal canaliculus and observe the upper end of nasolacrimal duct. The corresponding structure of lacrimal sac could be clearly displayed by ultrasound, while the lacrimal tubule was difficult to display because of its thin wall, strong extensibility, not easy to display its complete shape and relatively low display rate, and the nasolacrimal duct was difficult to display because of the difficulty in penetrating the bone structure of lacrimal duct by ultrasound. The study of lacrimal duct sonogram and its normal value will be helpful to the diagnosis of lacrimal duct disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R77
[Abstract]:Objective to study the normal ultrasonographic manifestation of lacrimal duct and the ultrasonic physiological value of each diameter in order to provide the ultrasonic diagnosis basis for lacrimal duct disease. Methods 235 cases of adult lacrimal duct were examined by high frequency ultrasound. The lacrimal duct was supine, two eyes were microclosed, and the socket was filled with coupling agent to reduce the gap between the angle depression and the probe. The left and right dacryocysts were scanned laterally. The distance between the lateral wall and the lateral wall was measured as the maximum left and right diameter of the dacryocyst, the longitudinal section of the dacryocyst was displayed by rotating probe, and the top of the dacryocyst was measured from the top to the lower end of the dacryocyst. The distance between the anteroposterior and lateral walls was regarded as the maximum length and the anteroposterior diameter, and the thickness of the dacryocyst wall was measured. The probe was slightly shifted on the longitudinal section of the dacryocyst, and the inner diameter of the lacrimal canaliculus was measured at the upper end of the dacryocyst. On the basis of the left and right lacrimal canaliculus, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct, the sonographic manifestations, the display rate and the physiological values of the left and right lacrimal duct were observed and compared respectively, and the corresponding data were analyzed statistically. Results (1) the display rate of lacrimal duct was the highest in lacrimal sac, low in lacrimal duct and extremely low in nasolacrimal duct. The display rates of left and right lacrimal sac in adults were 91.9% and 93.6%, respectively. The display rates of left and right lacrimal canals were 14.9% and 0.4% and 0%, respectively. (2) the values of left and right lacrimal duct were determined, and the results of statistical analysis were obtained. The length diameter of left lacrimal sac was larger than that of right side (P0.01), the length of male dacryocyst was larger than that of female (P0.05), and the anterior and posterior diameter of male dacryocyst was larger than that of female (P0.01). (3). Conclusion Ultrasound can not only obtain satisfactory image of lacrimal sac, but also display part of lacrimal canaliculus and observe the upper end of nasolacrimal duct. The corresponding structure of lacrimal sac could be clearly displayed by ultrasound, while the lacrimal tubule was difficult to display because of its thin wall, strong extensibility, not easy to display its complete shape and relatively low display rate, and the nasolacrimal duct was difficult to display because of the difficulty in penetrating the bone structure of lacrimal duct by ultrasound. The study of lacrimal duct sonogram and its normal value will be helpful to the diagnosis of lacrimal duct disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R77
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