本文選題：非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸 + 計(jì)算流體力學(xué)��； 參考：《北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景和目的 主要對正常成年男性生理狀態(tài)下,非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸模型中鼻腔氣流進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究,并與穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸層流模型和正弦曲線模擬周期性呼吸模型中的數(shù)值進(jìn)行比較。 方法 對經(jīng)過篩選的正常成年男性頭部CT進(jìn)行掃描三維重建,使用Fluent13軟件模擬正常人鼻腔、鼻竇結(jié)構(gòu),以鼻阻力儀測定平靜呼吸時流量隨時間變化的曲線作為入口邊界條件,根據(jù)Navier-Stokes方程計(jì)算正常鼻腔在非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸狀態(tài)下氣流速度、壓力、分布、跡線和鼻竇氣流交換等參數(shù)。并將穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸及正弦曲線模擬的周期性呼吸狀態(tài)下計(jì)算所得的氣場參數(shù)進(jìn)行比較。 結(jié)果 非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸狀態(tài)下,鼻腔最大速度位于鼻瓣區(qū)域,氣流主要流經(jīng)中鼻道以及總鼻道中間部分,以層流為主,呼氣相和吸氣相都有渦旋,吸氣相渦旋多于呼氣相,速度低時渦旋更明顯。吸氣相,鼻腔內(nèi)剪切力最大的部位位于鼻中隔前端。將穩(wěn)態(tài)氣流和正弦曲線模擬的周期性變化氣流與非穩(wěn)態(tài)情況作對比,對比速度壓強(qiáng)的分布、氣流狀態(tài),剪切力分布趨勢,正弦曲線模擬的周期性呼吸狀態(tài)更接近非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸。 結(jié)論 相比于穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸模型,正弦曲線模擬周期性呼吸是一個更加理想的模型,但是曲線常數(shù)的設(shè)置有待進(jìn)一步研究。健康成年男性生理狀態(tài)下的非穩(wěn)態(tài)呼吸時,鼻腔內(nèi)氣流的空氣動力學(xué)性質(zhì)存在一定的共同特性
[Abstract]:Background and purpose A numerical simulation of nasal airflow in the unsteady breathing model of normal adult male was carried out and compared with that in the laminar flow model of steady breathing and the periodic respiration model in sinusoidal simulation. Method The CT scan of normal adult male head was performed by 3D reconstruction. The nasal cavity and sinus structure were simulated by Fluent13 software. The curve of flow rate with time when breathing calmly was measured by nasal resistance instrument as the entry boundary condition. The parameters of airflow velocity, pressure, distribution, trace line and sinusoidal airflow exchange in normal nasal cavity under unsteady breathing state were calculated according to Navier-Stokes equation. The gas field parameters calculated under steady respiration and periodic respiration simulated by sine curve are compared. Result Under the condition of unsteady breathing, the maximum velocity of nasal cavity is located in the region of nasal valve, the airflow mainly flows through the middle nasal tract and the middle part of the total nasal tract, and the laminar flow is dominant, and there is a vortex in both the expiratory and inspiratory phases, and the inspiratory vortex is more than the expiratory one. The vortex is more obvious when the velocity is low. In inspiratory phase, the maximum shear force in nasal cavity is located at the front end of nasal septum. The periodic variation of steady flow and sinusoidal simulation is compared with that of unsteady state. The distribution of velocity pressure, flow state and shear force are compared, and the periodic respiration state simulated by sine curve is more close to unsteady state. Conclusion Compared with the steady-state respiration model, sinusoidal simulation of periodic respiration is a more ideal model, but the setting of curve constant needs further study. The aerodynamics of the nasal airflow in healthy adult men is similar to that of the unsteady breathing in physiological state.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R765

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