本文選題：微動敏感床墊式睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng) + 睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合癥　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 睡眠是人體重要的生理狀態(tài),睡眠質(zhì)量對人的健康至關(guān)重要。近20年來醫(yī)學(xué)研究已經(jīng)證明,現(xiàn)代人類的許多重大疾病,如高血壓、冠心病、心律失常、糖尿病、心腦血管意外,以及精神心理疾患等,往往與睡眠中常發(fā)生的睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥有關(guān)。因此,睡眠監(jiān)測技術(shù)已成為現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)診斷中不可缺少的內(nèi)容。 目前臨床睡眠分析的主要手段是多導(dǎo)睡眠圖(polysomnography, PSG),用儀器記錄被測者整晚的腦電、眼動電和頦肌電等生理參數(shù),計(jì)算機(jī)依據(jù)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行自動睡眠分期,幾十年來PSG保持著睡眠分期金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地位。但PSG至少要在身上粘貼10枚以上電極,給被測者帶來一定的生理心理負(fù)荷。 微動敏感床墊式睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)(Micro-movement Sensitive Mattress Sleep Monitoring System, MSMSMS)基本無需在體表粘貼電極即可記錄被測者的軀體活動、呼吸活動、心率等情況,還可實(shí)現(xiàn)對睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥進(jìn)行診斷,獲得被測者的整晚睡眠結(jié)構(gòu)圖等功能,是一種無電極,無負(fù)荷的睡眠監(jiān)測方法。具有不影響自然睡眠、可靠性較好、自動分析、同時檢測分析多床位等優(yōu)點(diǎn),有利于將睡眠監(jiān)測普及到更廣闊的人群,也有助于拓展與睡眠有關(guān)的生理和醫(yī)學(xué)研究,在睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)日益受到重視的今天,具有很大的應(yīng)用潛力。本系統(tǒng)適用于常規(guī)、長期或集體睡眠監(jiān)測,如用于監(jiān)測執(zhí)行特殊任務(wù)人群(如飛行員、火車司機(jī)、運(yùn)動員等)的睡眠質(zhì)量。 新一代16位A／D微動敏感床墊式睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),通過硬件上的改進(jìn),擴(kuò)大了信號的動態(tài)范圍,具有之前系統(tǒng)無可比擬的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。新系統(tǒng)直接從硬件中輸出原始信號,所有的信號處理均在軟件中進(jìn)行。而本文的工作則是針對硬件輸出原始信號而展開,首先對原始信號進(jìn)行分離,進(jìn)而提取床墊相關(guān)生理信息,包括被測者的在床狀態(tài)(即離床)、體動、呼吸率、心率。從而為之后的睡眠分期和睡眠呼吸事件的判定提供依據(jù)。本文的主要工作為： (1)針對16位A／D的新一代床墊式睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),提出了合適的床墊信號預(yù)處理方法,分離出胸沖擊、呼吸波和腿沖擊,其中,呼吸波和腿沖擊的分離相對簡單。而由于床墊信號的特點(diǎn),胸沖擊的分離過程相對困難。本文利用軟件處理信號的靈活性,將數(shù)字信號處理方法和小波變換相結(jié)合對原始信號進(jìn)行分離,所得結(jié)果,能充分顯示出所需信號的特征點(diǎn),為準(zhǔn)確提取床墊系統(tǒng)相關(guān)生理信息打下基礎(chǔ)。 (2)針對原始信號和分離出的信號,提取離床、體動、呼吸率、心率。其中離床、體動、呼吸率在以前的床墊系統(tǒng)中已經(jīng)使用。本文主要是針對新一代床墊系統(tǒng)的信號特點(diǎn),提出了相對簡單實(shí)用的算法,加快軟件系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行速度。床墊心率為該睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)第一次使用,該參數(shù)的使用,使得床墊監(jiān)測擺脫了脈搏檢測記錄儀對被測者的束縛變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí),真正實(shí)現(xiàn)了睡眠的無負(fù)荷監(jiān)測。但由于被測者的睡姿、體重等各種原因,使得胸部沖擊信號、腿部沖擊信號表現(xiàn)形式不一,故提取床墊心率是本工作的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。而本研究所用算法通過大量實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,證明其準(zhǔn)確性高,基本能反映出被測者整夜的心率變化,目前該算法已經(jīng)嵌入床墊系統(tǒng)。 (3)研究了利用床墊心率提取SAHS病人的睡眠時相信息。通過去趨勢波動分析(DFA)計(jì)算SAHS病人的床墊心率在各睡眠階段的標(biāo)度指數(shù),結(jié)果顯示,SAHS患者各個睡眠階段的標(biāo)度指數(shù)具有明顯差異,與健康者之間也有不同。該結(jié)果為基于心率變異性對SAHS患者進(jìn)行睡眠分期以及SAHS患者的判定提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Sleep is the important physiological state of the human body. The quality of sleep is crucial to human health. In recent 20 years, medical research has proved that many of the major diseases of modern human beings, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents, and mental disorders, often occur with sleep apnea syndrome often occurring in sleep. Therefore, sleep monitoring technology has become an indispensable part of modern medical diagnosis.
At present, the main means of clinical sleep analysis is polysomnography (PSG). The physiological parameters such as brain electricity, eye movement and mental electromyography are recorded by the instrument for the whole night, and the computer is automatically sleep staging according to the international standard. For decades, PSG maintains the status of the standard of sleep staging. At least, PSG has to paste 10 pieces on the body. The above electrodes give some physiological and psychological loads to the subjects.
The Micro-movement Sensitive Mattress Sleep Monitoring System (MSMSMS) basically does not need to paste electrode on the body surface to record the body activity, respiratory activity, heart rate and so on. It can also make a diagnosis of sleep apnea syndrome and get the whole night sleep structure map of the subjects. It is an electrode free, no load sleep monitoring method. It has the advantages of not affecting natural sleep, good reliability, automatic analysis, and detection and analysis of multiple beds. It is beneficial to popularize sleep monitoring to a wider population, and also help to expand the physiological and medical research related to sleep. It is becoming more and more important in sleep medicine. Today, it has great potential for application. This system is suitable for routine, long-term or collective sleep monitoring, such as monitoring the quality of sleep for special task groups (such as pilots, train drivers, athletes, etc.).
The new generation of 16 bit A / D microdynamic mattress sleep monitoring system has expanded the dynamic range of the signal through the improvement of hardware. It has the unparalleled advantages of the previous system. The new system directly outputs the original signal from the hardware and all the signal processing is carried out in the software. The work of this paper is to output the original signal for the hardware. First, the original signal was separated and the mattress related physiological information was extracted, including the bed state (that is, the bed), the body movement, the respiration rate and the heart rate, which provided the basis for the subsequent sleep stages and the sleep breathing events.
(1) according to the new generation of mattress sleep monitoring system of 16 bit A / D, a suitable mattress signal pretreatment method is put forward to separate the chest shock, respiratory wave and leg impact. Among them, the separation of the respiratory wave and the leg impact is relatively simple. It is flexible to separate the original signal by combining the digital signal processing method with the wavelet transform. The results can fully display the characteristic points of the required signal and lay the foundation for the accurate extraction of the related physiological information of the mattress system.
(2) to extract off bed, body movement, respiration rate and heart rate for the original signal and separated signals, which has been used in the former mattress system. This paper mainly aims at the signal characteristics of the new generation mattress system, and puts forward a relatively simple and practical algorithm to speed up the running speed of the software system. The heart rate of the mattress is the sleep. The sleep monitoring system is used for the first time. The use of this parameter makes the mattress monitoring get rid of the constraints of the pulse detection recorder to the reality of the measured person. It really realizes the non load monitoring of sleep. But because of the sleeping posture, weight and other reasons of the subjects, the chest impact letter number and the leg impact signal are different, so the mattress is extracted. Heart rate is the key and difficult point of this work. And the algorithm used in this study is verified by a large number of experiments to prove its high accuracy, which can basically reflect the heart rate changes all night, and the algorithm has been embedded in the mattress system at present.
(3) the sleep phase information of SAHS patients was extracted with the heart rate of the mattress. The scale index of the mattress heart rate of SAHS patients at each sleep stage was calculated by detrending fluctuation analysis (DFA). The results showed that the scale index of each sleep stage of SAHS patients was significantly different, and was different from those of the healthy people. The result was based on the heart rate change. Heterosexual provides a basis for sleep stages of SAHS patients and SAHS patients.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R766

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 黃俊杰;孫驍;劉燕;黃耀j;;睡眠環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的血氧飽和度與心率信號采集環(huán)節(jié)研制[J];微型電腦應(yīng)用;2012年03期

2 羅海鷗;李紹旦;楊明會;李東岳;趙宏;;和胃安神湯對失眠癥患者睡眠及生活質(zhì)量的影響[J];中國中醫(yī)藥信息雜志;2011年06期

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本文編號：1832072