本文選題：睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥(SAS)　切入點(diǎn)：簡(jiǎn)易檢測(cè)　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥(SAS)是一種發(fā)病率較高的睡眠呼吸疾病,嚴(yán)重影響人的身體健康。臨床檢測(cè)SAS的權(quán)威方法是采用多導(dǎo)睡眠圖,需在醫(yī)院進(jìn)行至少7小時(shí)的睡眠監(jiān)測(cè),且價(jià)格較昂貴,不易普及。本文研究設(shè)計(jì)一種適用于家庭的簡(jiǎn)易型SAS檢測(cè)方法,采集呼吸和容積脈搏波等生理信號(hào),利用LabVIEW軟件對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析處理得到呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù)(AHI),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)SAS的檢測(cè)和病情分級(jí),通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)。該檢測(cè)方法簡(jiǎn)單易用、成本低,可用于SAS的初步篩查及術(shù)后監(jiān)護(hù),有助于睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥檢測(cè)的普及。 設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)時(shí)采集呼吸信號(hào)和容積脈搏波等生理信息的檢測(cè)模塊。采用溫度傳感器獲取呼吸信號(hào),將熱敏電阻貼于被測(cè)者鼻孔下方,根據(jù)感知溫度的變化可求取呼吸波形的幅值和頻率;容積脈搏波的檢測(cè)采用無(wú)創(chuàng)透射方式,利用血氧探頭采集被測(cè)者指尖容積波信號(hào)。上述方法與身體連線較少,可使被測(cè)者處于較自然的生理狀態(tài),保證了數(shù)據(jù)的有效性。將NI的PCI-6221數(shù)據(jù)采集卡與呼吸、容積脈搏波檢測(cè)模塊連接構(gòu)成了簡(jiǎn)易型SAS檢測(cè)裝置。 信號(hào)處理算法是基于虛擬儀器LabVIEW8.5編程實(shí)現(xiàn)的。獲取呼吸、容積脈搏波信號(hào)后,通過(guò)對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理及特征提取獲得呼吸幅值、呼吸頻率及血氧飽和度值,求取前N周期信號(hào)的平均值作為閾值。采用狀態(tài)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)模式進(jìn)行呼吸暫停及低通氣的判斷,將求得的AHI與SAS輕重程度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,即可得到是否患有SAS及SAS輕重程度等檢測(cè)結(jié)果。利用LabVIEW強(qiáng)大的測(cè)量控制功能和圖形化能力,還設(shè)計(jì)了檢測(cè)界面、數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)、回放等實(shí)用功能。 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)護(hù)中心醫(yī)護(hù)人員對(duì)被測(cè)者的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù),建立監(jiān)護(hù)中心Access數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),用于存儲(chǔ)用戶的個(gè)人信息及歷史檢測(cè)信息,方便醫(yī)護(hù)人員了解被測(cè)者的情況。構(gòu)建了醫(yī)護(hù)人員與用戶家中的實(shí)時(shí)信息交互鏈結(jié),在用戶端進(jìn)行Web設(shè)置,將生成的網(wǎng)址輸入監(jiān)護(hù)中心計(jì)算機(jī)瀏覽器,可觀察到信號(hào)波形和檢測(cè)結(jié)果。醫(yī)護(hù)人員通過(guò)LabSQL,可直接在LabVIEW中以調(diào)用子VI的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的訪問(wèn)。
[Abstract]:Sleep apnea syndrome (Sas) is a high incidence of sleep apnea disease, which seriously affects the health of the human body. The authoritative method for clinical detection of SAS is to use polysomnography, which requires at least 7 hours of sleep monitoring in hospitals. This paper studies and designs a simple SAS detection method suitable for home, and collects physiological signals such as respiration and volume pulse wave. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was obtained by using LabVIEW software to analyze and process the signal. The detection and grading of SAS were realized, and remote monitoring was realized through the Internet. The method was simple and easy to use, and the cost was low. It can be used for the primary screening and postoperative monitoring of SAS, which is helpful to the popularization of sleep apnea syndrome detection. A real time detecting module of respiration signal and volumetric pulse wave is designed. The temperature sensor is used to acquire the respiratory signal, and the thermistor is attached to the nostril of the subject. The amplitude and frequency of respiratory wave can be obtained according to the change of perceptual temperature, the measurement of volume pulse wave is noninvasive transmission mode, and the blood oxygen probe is used to collect the measured finger tip volume wave signal. The PCI-6221 data acquisition card of NI is connected with the breathing module and the volume pulse wave detection module to form a simple SAS detection device. The signal processing algorithm is based on the virtual instrument LabVIEW8.5 programming. After obtaining the respiratory and volumetric pulse wave signals, the amplitude of respiration, respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation of blood are obtained by preprocessing and feature extraction of the signals. The average value of pre-N periodic signal is taken as the threshold. The state machine design mode is used to judge apnea and hypopnea. The obtained AHI is compared with the standard of SAS severity. The test results of SAS and SAS degree can be obtained. Using the powerful measurement control function and graphic ability of LabVIEW, the practical functions such as detection interface, data storage, playback and so on are designed. In order to realize the remote monitoring of the subjects by the medical staff in the monitoring center, the Access database of the monitoring center is established, which is used to store the personal information and the historical information of the users. The real-time information exchange link between the medical staff and the user's home is constructed, the Web is set up on the user side, and the generated web address is input into the computer browser of the monitoring center. Through LabSQL, medical staff can directly access the database by calling sub-VI in LabVIEW.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：R766

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