本文選題：心臟可視化模型 + 心臟纖維骨架��； 參考：《第三軍醫(yī)大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：心臟是人體循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的動力泵,具有泵血出心和引血回心的功能,對全身的血氧營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的供應、細胞維持正常功能和代謝有重要的作用。中國心血管病的死亡率占城鄉(xiāng)居民總死亡原因的首位,且患病率仍處于持續(xù)上升階段。心臟疾病的早期診斷、進展檢測、早期治療對挽救患者生命、提高生命質(zhì)量具有重要的意義。心臟醫(yī)學圖像的可視化是聯(lián)系醫(yī)學影像和形態(tài)學及其運動規(guī)律的橋梁,能夠幫助人們發(fā)現(xiàn)醫(yī)學規(guī)律、解釋醫(yī)學現(xiàn)象、解決醫(yī)學問題。同時可視化技術(shù)也是知識傳承的有效方式,能夠?qū)F(xiàn)有的知識賦予心臟可視化模型上,在醫(yī)學的教學、臨床輔助診斷、臨床影像大數(shù)據(jù)分析、手術(shù)規(guī)劃導航、虛擬仿真實驗、藥物研發(fā)中可有廣泛的應用前景。本文以心臟可視化為研究方向,在深化心臟可視化模型的細致程度,建立符合解剖特點的可視化形式,及可視化在細微病灶上的聚焦作用等方面,結(jié)合心臟解剖進行了探討,建立了一系列的可視化模型、面向臨床應用的可視化方法并開發(fā)了心血管影像分析可視化分析軟件系統(tǒng),用于輔助臨床醫(yī)學影像的可視化量化分析。本文的研究成果包括:1.建立了真實人體心臟高精度的三維可視化解剖模型,包括24個解剖結(jié)構(gòu),并首次建立了原位的人體心臟的纖維骨架及附著瓣膜(二尖瓣、三尖瓣、主動脈瓣、肺動脈瓣)的三維模型,深化了心臟可視模型的細致程度,為心臟醫(yī)學影像分析及心腔內(nèi)血流動力學的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。2.建立了的瓣膜平面及相互之間的數(shù)學上的幾何變換關(guān)系矩陣,并用于臨床CTA圖像瓣膜平面的快速構(gòu)建中,構(gòu)建了心臟瓣膜的可視化平面,有助于解決動態(tài)可視化量化分析中平面選擇的一致性問題。3.構(gòu)建了冠狀動脈血管壁的可視化量化分析方法——Voxel-map,該方法克服了CTA圖像通過人眼難以確定血管壁邊界的困難,將對斑塊的識別和分析聚焦在冠狀動脈血管壁上,從而有效排除相鄰區(qū)域內(nèi)相近CT值對斑塊分析的影響,有助于提高斑塊量化分析準確性。4.建立了冠狀動脈樹形結(jié)構(gòu)的心血管影像可視化分析軟件系統(tǒng),用于冠狀動脈粥樣硬化斑塊的可視化量化分析。該軟件能夠自動提取細微病灶特征及量化參數(shù),有助于提升CTA影像在檢測斑塊易損性特征和冠脈狹窄性方面的潛力。
[Abstract]:The heart is the power pump of the human circulatory system. It has the function of pumping the blood out of the heart and drawing blood back to the heart. It plays an important role in the supply of blood oxygen nutrients and the maintenance of normal function and metabolism of the cells. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in urban and rural areas in China, and the prevalence rate is still on the rise. The early diagnosis, progress detection and early treatment of heart disease are of great significance in saving patients' lives and improving their quality of life. The visualization of cardiac medical images is a bridge connecting medical images with morphology and its motion rules. It can help people to discover medical laws explain medical phenomena and solve medical problems. At the same time, visualization technology is also an effective way of knowledge transmission, which can give the existing knowledge to the heart visualization model, in medical teaching, clinical diagnosis, clinical image big data analysis, surgery planning and navigation, virtual simulation experiment. Drug research and development can have a wide range of application prospects. Based on the research direction of cardiac visualization, this paper discusses the aspects of deepening the degree of detail of the visualization model of the heart, establishing the visualization form which accords with the anatomical characteristics, and the focusing function of visualization on the fine lesions, and so on. A series of visualization models are established, and the visualization methods for clinical applications are presented. A visual analysis software system for cardiovascular image analysis is developed, which can be used to aid the visualization and quantitative analysis of clinical medical images. The research results of this paper include: 1. A high precision 3D visual anatomical model of real human heart was established, including 24 anatomical structures, and the in situ fibrous skeleton and attached valves (mitral, tricuspid, aortic valve) of human heart were established for the first time. The three-dimensional model of pulmonary valve deepens the meticulous degree of cardiac visual model and lays a foundation for the analysis of cardiac medical image and the study of intracardiac hemodynamics. The geometric transformation matrix of the valvular plane and each other is established and used in the rapid construction of the valvular plane in the clinical CTA image, and the visual plane of the heart valve is constructed. It is helpful to solve the consistency problem of plane selection in dynamic visualization quantitative analysis. A visualized quantitative analysis method of coronary artery wall, Voxel-mapa, was constructed. This method overcame the difficulty of CTA images in determining the boundary of vascular wall through human eyes, and focused the recognition and analysis of plaque on the coronary artery wall. Therefore, the influence of CT value in adjacent regions on plaque analysis was effectively excluded, and the accuracy of plaque quantification analysis was improved. 4. A visualized analysis software system of coronary artery dendrogram was established to analyze coronary atherosclerotic plaque. The software can automatically extract fine lesion features and quantitative parameters, which is helpful to enhance the potential of CTA images in detecting plaque vulnerability and coronary artery stenosis.
【學位授予單位】：第三軍醫(yī)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R54

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