本文選題：體表電位標(biāo)測(cè) + 多通道采集��； 參考：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：心臟是人體最重要的器官之一,心臟的心肌細(xì)胞會(huì)產(chǎn)生電生理征象,它在人體表面表現(xiàn)為變化的電場(chǎng),電場(chǎng)在人體表面可形成不同的電勢(shì)分布,這些電勢(shì)分布能反映心臟的生理和病理狀況。體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)可以檢測(cè)到這些電勢(shì)分布的變化,體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)通常在人體軀干表面放置若干電極拾取心電信號(hào),與計(jì)算機(jī)結(jié)合經(jīng)過(guò)特定的處理后觀測(cè)體表電勢(shì)分布及其變化,以此研究心臟在生理和病理的體表電位分布情況,用于輔助診斷心臟疾病。體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)采用的電極偏多,分布較廣,能夠獲取與常規(guī)心電圖相比更全面的心臟電信息,能觀察到更細(xì)微的心臟電活動(dòng)的空間變化規(guī)律。在國(guó)外,體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)已用于心臟疾病或心肌興奮異常的臨床診斷。但在國(guó)內(nèi),體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)還處于臨床試驗(yàn)階段,操作繁瑣以及價(jià)格與價(jià)值的不相稱是其難以大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用的主要原因�；诖�,本文旨在降低體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的各項(xiàng)成本,簡(jiǎn)化系統(tǒng)操作步驟。本文聚焦于體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的研制,主要工作包括詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)了體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的硬件部分,電極衣,軟件系統(tǒng)等幾個(gè)方面。首先在硬件部分設(shè)計(jì)中采用了具有高共模抑制比,輸入噪聲為微伏級(jí)的心電采集板卡,電極衣的電極選擇鍍銀扣鈕和導(dǎo)電布,使電極與人體有足夠充分的接觸面積,保證心電信號(hào)采集的質(zhì)量,系統(tǒng)主控板采用了基于M4內(nèi)核的微處理器作為數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)控核心,協(xié)調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)的控制與傳輸,系統(tǒng)主控板與下位機(jī)間建立了穩(wěn)定可靠的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸機(jī)制;其次在多通道心電數(shù)據(jù)同步以及等電位圖生成算法的實(shí)現(xiàn)等方面進(jìn)行了深入的研究,包括通訊協(xié)議與濾波等處理,邊表的生成,等值點(diǎn)指針表以及間隔增量算法等;系統(tǒng)同步采集96導(dǎo)心電信號(hào),可實(shí)時(shí)采集多個(gè)心動(dòng)周期的數(shù)據(jù)并保存,提取到心電相關(guān)的信息參數(shù)經(jīng)過(guò)特定的算法可生成人體體表等電位圖,任意時(shí)刻電位圖可于上位機(jī)回放查看,上位機(jī)界面包括數(shù)據(jù)回放系統(tǒng)以及波形顯示模塊;系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室及臨床的驗(yàn)證,性能達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求;本系統(tǒng)的研制為將來(lái)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)更多導(dǎo)聯(lián)體表電位標(biāo)測(cè)系統(tǒng)提供了硬件系統(tǒng)以及軟件平臺(tái)參考。
[Abstract]:The heart is one of the most important organs of the human body. The cardiac myocytes of the heart produce electrophysiological signs. It shows a changing electric field on the surface of the human body, and the electric field forms different potential distribution on the surface of the human body. These potential distributions reflect the physiological and pathological state of the heart. These potential distributions can be detected by the body surface potential mapping system, which usually places several electrodes on the human torso surface to pick up ECG signals. Combined with computer, the distribution of body surface potential and its changes were observed in order to study the physiological and pathological distribution of the body surface potential of the heart, which was used to assist the diagnosis of heart disease. The surface potential mapping system is characterized by more electrodes and wider distribution, which can obtain more comprehensive ECG information than conventional electrocardiogram, and can observe the spatial changes of cardiac electrical activity in a more subtle way. In foreign countries, body surface potential mapping has been used in the diagnosis of heart disease or abnormal myocardial excitability. But in our country, the body surface potential mapping is still in the clinical trial stage, the complicated operation and the mismatch between the price and the value are the main reasons why it is difficult to be popularized on a large scale. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to reduce the cost of body surface potential mapping system and simplify the operation steps of the system. This paper focuses on the development of the body surface potential mapping system. The main work includes the detailed design of the hardware part of the body surface potential mapping system, electrode coat, software system and so on. First of all, in the hardware design, the ECG acquisition board with high common-mode rejection ratio and low input noise is adopted, and the electrode of the electrode coat selects silver plated button and conductive cloth, so that the electrode has sufficient contact area with the human body. To ensure the quality of ECG signal collection, the system main control board adopts the microprocessor based on M4 kernel as the data control core, coordinates the data control and transmission, and establishes the stable and reliable data transmission mechanism between the system main control board and the lower computer. Secondly, in the aspects of multi-channel ECG data synchronization and the realization of equipotential diagram generation algorithm, including the processing of communication protocol and filtering, the generation of edge table, the equivalent point pointer table and the algorithm of interval increment, etc. The system synchronously collects 96 lead ECG signals, and can collect and save the data of multiple cardiac cycles in real time. The electrocardiograph can be generated by a specific algorithm. At any time, the potential diagram can be replayed on the host computer. The interface of the upper computer includes the data playback system and the waveform display module, the system has been verified by the laboratory and clinic, and the performance of the system has reached the standard requirement. The development of this system provides the reference of hardware system and software platform for realizing more lead surface potential mapping system in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP274;R540.4

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本文編號(hào)：1833168