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我國中老年人的肥胖和高血壓流行現(xiàn)狀及其關(guān)聯(lián)性分析

發(fā)布時間:2018-04-19 23:12

  本文選題:肥胖 + 高血壓; 參考:《蘭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文


【摘要】:目的通過對我國中老年人的肥胖和高血壓流行現(xiàn)狀分析,進(jìn)一步探究肥胖與高血壓患病的關(guān)聯(lián)性,比較各肥胖指標(biāo)對高血壓患病風(fēng)險的預(yù)測效果,篩選出對高血壓患病預(yù)測能力較強(qiáng)的肥胖指標(biāo)。以期為基層衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)制定針對于中老年人群更有效的肥胖和高血壓的防控策略與措施提供基礎(chǔ)研究依據(jù)。方法使用2013年中國健康與養(yǎng)老調(diào)查CHARLS(China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)追訪數(shù)據(jù),該調(diào)查采用按人口規(guī)模成比例概率抽樣(Probabilities Proportional to Size,PPS),抽取全國范圍內(nèi)的10624戶家庭中的18605名調(diào)查對象,剔除沒有參加體格檢查及戶口為城鄉(xiāng)居民統(tǒng)一戶口者,最終納入11365名研究對象。采用以下方法進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析:首先使用卡方檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行不同組間肥胖和高血壓患病率差異的比較。其次,采用Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù),分析各肥胖指標(biāo)之間及其與收縮壓、舒張壓的相關(guān)性。第三,使用單因素方差比較不同組間血壓值的差異,使用二分類logistic多元回歸分析各肥胖指標(biāo)與高血壓患病風(fēng)險的關(guān)系,并計(jì)算OR(Odds Ratio,OR)值。對各肥胖指標(biāo)進(jìn)行標(biāo)化處理,進(jìn)一步觀察各肥胖指標(biāo)每變化一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差與高血壓患病風(fēng)險的關(guān)聯(lián)程度;第四,使用Logit回歸和ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve,ROC)計(jì)算各肥胖指標(biāo)的AUC值(Area Under Curve,AUC),比較它們對高血壓患病風(fēng)險的預(yù)測效果。結(jié)果1.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人的肥胖率為13.2%,且隨著年齡的升高開始逐漸下降,其中男性為10.5%,女性為15.7%。研究對象的肥胖率在女性、婚姻狀態(tài)為“已婚或同居”者、受教育程度較高者、戶口類型為非農(nóng)業(yè)者以及非吸煙和飲酒者中保持在較高水平。2.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人的中心型肥胖率為49.1%,其中男性為37.4%,女性為59.7%,同樣呈現(xiàn)出隨著年齡的升高而逐漸下降的趨勢。研究對象的中心型肥胖率在年齡為45~64歲者、婚姻狀況為“已婚或同居”者、受教育水平在初中以上者、戶口類型為非農(nóng)業(yè)者以及非吸煙和飲酒者中較高。3.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人的高血壓患病率為30.0%,其中男性為30.6%,女性為29.4%。隨著年齡的增長高血壓患病率開始逐漸升高。研究對象的高血壓患病率在婚姻狀況為“已婚或同居”者、戶口類型為非農(nóng)業(yè)者、吸煙和飲酒者以及肥胖和中心型肥胖者中較高;受教育程度與高血壓患病率呈反向關(guān)系。此外,男性民族為少數(shù)民族者的患病率較高。4.調(diào)整了年齡和性別后,發(fā)現(xiàn)各肥胖指標(biāo)之間存在顯著正相關(guān)(p值均(27)0.05),腰圍與腰圍身高比值的相關(guān)性最強(qiáng)(r=0.98),各肥胖指標(biāo)與收縮壓、舒張壓也存在正相關(guān),腰圍身高比值與收縮壓的相關(guān)性最強(qiáng)(r=0.22);隨著各肥胖指標(biāo)分組由低到高,高血壓的患病風(fēng)險均逐漸升高,其中,女性腰圍身高比值最高分組是最低組的2.05倍(OR=2.05,95%CI=1.71~2.46)。與體質(zhì)指數(shù)、腰圍相比,腰圍身高比值對于高血壓患病風(fēng)險的預(yù)測能力更強(qiáng),其AUC值為0.611。結(jié)論1.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人肥胖的流行現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,年齡在45~64歲、婚姻狀況為“已婚或同居”、受教育程度在“初中畢業(yè)”及以下人群和非農(nóng)業(yè)戶口居民是肥胖流行的高危人群。2.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人高血壓的患病率保持在很高水平上,高齡、婚姻狀況為“非在婚”、民族為少數(shù)民族、受教育程度偏低、戶口類型為非農(nóng)業(yè)戶口、有吸煙和飲酒習(xí)慣、肥胖和中心型肥胖人群均是高血壓流行的高危人群。3.調(diào)查地區(qū)中老年人的肥胖與高血壓存在很強(qiáng)的關(guān)聯(lián)性,相較于與體質(zhì)指數(shù)、腰圍相比,腰圍身高比值對于高血壓的患病風(fēng)險的預(yù)測能力更強(qiáng),可作為中老年人的高血壓高危人群的可行篩檢指標(biāo)。建議1.基層衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)大力號召全民樹立保持健康體重的生活理念,呼吁大眾采取積極健康的生活方式,從根本上實(shí)現(xiàn)對高血壓及其伴生疾病高發(fā)流行的有效防控。同時,應(yīng)針對中老年超重人群積極地采取干預(yù)行動,以有效控制肥胖人口基數(shù)的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。2.基層衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)積極制定與落實(shí)中老年人高血壓的防治策略與措施,提高高血壓的控制率,減輕由其所造成的疾病經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。3.腰圍身高比值可作為中老年人的高血壓高危人群的可行篩檢指標(biāo)
[Abstract]:Objective to further explore the relationship between obesity and hypertension by analyzing the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in the middle and old people in China, and to compare the predictive effect of the obesity index on the risk of hypertension, and to screen out the obesity indicators that have a strong ability to predict the hypertension. A basic research basis was provided for more effective obesity and hypertension prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods using the 2013 China Health and pension survey CHARLS (China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS), the survey was conducted in proportion to the population scale (Probabilities Proportional to Size), A total of 18605 respondents from 10624 families in the country were selected to eliminate unchecked physical examination and registered permanent residence for urban and rural residents, and the final inclusion of 11365 subjects. The following methods were used to carry out data analysis: first, the comparison of the prevalence rates of obesity and hypertension among different groups was compared with the chi square test. Secondly, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between obesity indexes and their systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. Third, using single factor variance to compare the difference of blood pressure between different groups, using two classified logistic multivariate regression analysis to analyze the relationship between the obesity index and the risk of hypertension, and calculate the value of OR (Odds Ratio, OR). The correlation between a standard deviation and the risk of hypertension was further observed. Fourth, Logit regression and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve, ROC) were used to calculate the AUC value of each obesity index (Area Under Curve, AUC), and the results were compared to predict the risk of hypertension. 1. the obesity rate of middle aged and elderly people in the survey area was 13.2%, and gradually decreased with age, among which men were 10.5%. The obesity rate of women for 15.7%. research was in women, marriage was "married or cohabitation", with higher education level, the type of household registered for non-agricultural and non-smoking and drinkers was higher. The central obesity rate of the middle-aged and elderly people in the level.2. survey area was 49.1%, of which 37.4% were male and 59.7% for women. The central obesity rate of the subjects was 45~64 years old, the marital status was "married or cohabiting", and the education level was in junior high school. The prevalence rate of high blood pressure in middle aged and elderly people in non - agricultural and non-smoking and drinkers was 30%, of which 30.6% of men were in men. The incidence of hypertension in women was increasing with age of 29.4%.. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the study was "married or cohabitation" in marriage. Non agricultural people, smoking and drinkers and obese and central obesity were higher; the degree of education and the prevalence of hypertension had a reverse relationship. In addition, the prevalence rate of the male ethnic minority was higher by.4. adjustment of age and sex, there was a significant positive correlation between the obesity indicators (P value (27)), waist circumference and waist circumference height. The correlation was strongest (r=0.98), and there was a positive correlation between the index of obesity and systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. The correlation between the height ratio of waist circumference and systolic pressure was the strongest (r=0.22); with the groups from low to high, the risk of hypertension increased gradually, and the highest group of female waist height was 2.05 times as high as that of the lowest group (OR=2.05 95%CI=1.71~2.46). Compared with body mass index and waist circumference, the ratio of waist height to high blood pressure is more effective in predicting the risk of hypertension. The AUC value of 0.611. conclusion 1. is that the prevalence of obesity in middle-aged and elderly people is not optimistic, the age is 45~64, marriage is "married or cohabitation", and the education degree is "junior high school" and below. People and non-agricultural residents are high risk population of obesity epidemic in.2. survey area, the prevalence rate of hypertension in middle age and elderly population remains high, age, marriage status is "non marriage", ethnic minority is minority, the education degree is low, household registration is non agricultural account, smoking and drinking habits, obesity and central obesity people. Groups are high risk population of hypertension epidemic in.3. survey area, there is a strong association between obesity and hypertension in the middle aged and elderly people. Compared with the body mass index, the waist circumference is more predictive of the risk of hypertension than the waist circumference. It can be used as a feasible screening indicator for high risk population of middle aged and elderly people. 1. basis is recommended. The health organization should energetically call on the whole people to establish a life concept of maintaining a healthy weight, and call on the public to adopt a positive and healthy lifestyle to realize the effective prevention and control of high blood pressure and its associated diseases. At the same time, intervention should be taken actively to control the base number of the obese people in the middle and old age. To further expand the.2. grass-roots health institutions should actively formulate and implement the prevention and treatment strategies and measures for high blood pressure in the middle-aged and the elderly, improve the control rate of hypertension and reduce the ratio of.3. waist height to the economic burden caused by the disease, which can be used as a feasible screening index for high risk population of middle aged and elderly people.

【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:R544.1;R589.2

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