【摘要】：目的：探討利用低壓艙模擬高原缺氧環(huán)境對視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)元產(chǎn)生的影響，為了解高原環(huán)境下視網(wǎng)膜損傷提供理論依據(jù)。方法：將45只wistar實驗大鼠，按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為：650m海拔高度組(烏魯木齊所在海拔)，模擬3000m高度組，模擬5000m高度組，三組大鼠分別飼養(yǎng)7天(每天平均23.5小時)后測量視網(wǎng)膜電流圖(electroretinogram, ERG)，，觀察各組大鼠電鏡、光鏡下視網(wǎng)膜的形態(tài)學(xué)改變，并測定凋亡細(xì)胞數(shù)目。結(jié)果：1.F-ERG a，b，Ops各子波OP1，OP2，OP3波峰值潛伏時以及b波波幅、Ops總波幅，模擬5000m高度組與模擬3000m海拔高度組和650m海拔高度組比較都具有明顯差異（P0.05）；而模擬3000m海拔高度組與650m海拔高度組相比較無明顯差異（P0.05）；a波波幅三組間無差異（P0.05）。2.光鏡、電鏡觀察：模擬5000m海拔高度組大鼠視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞層、內(nèi)顆粒層結(jié)構(gòu)異常，模擬3000m海拔高度組大鼠視網(wǎng)膜結(jié)構(gòu)接近正常3. TUNEL染色觀察：模擬5000m海拔高度組大鼠視網(wǎng)膜凋亡細(xì)胞明顯增多,神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞層及內(nèi)顆粒層均見大量凋亡細(xì)胞陽性表達(dá),模擬3000m海拔高度組大鼠視網(wǎng)膜凋亡細(xì)胞較模擬5000m海拔高度組減少，兩者差別具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論：1、模擬高原缺氧環(huán)境下的大鼠視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)元形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變，主要集中在神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞層、內(nèi)核層及外核層。2、在利用低壓艙模擬的高原缺氧環(huán)境下，大鼠視網(wǎng)膜電流圖出現(xiàn)改變，隨著海拔高度的增高，視網(wǎng)膜電流圖的改變越明顯。3、視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)元發(fā)生凋亡，是模擬高原缺氧環(huán)境下大鼠視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞及內(nèi)、外核層神經(jīng)元死亡的重要方式，且凋亡細(xì)胞數(shù)量亦隨海拔高度的增高而增多。
[Abstract]:Aim: to explore the effect of hypobaric chamber on retinal neurons in high altitude anoxic environment, and to provide theoretical basis for understanding retinal injury in high altitude environment. Methods: 45 wistar experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups: 650m altitude group (Urumqi altitude), simulated 3000m altitude group and 5000m altitude group. After feeding for 7 days (mean 23.5 hours per day), the electroretinogram (electroretinogram, ERG),) of the three groups was used to observe the morphological changes of the retina and the number of apoptotic cells. Results: the peak latency of OP1,OP2,OP3 wave, the amplitude of b wave, the total amplitude of Ops, the simulated height of 5 000m and the group of simulated altitude of 3000 m and 650 m were significantly different from those of the group of simulated altitude of 3000m and 650m (P0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the simulated 3000m altitude group and 650m altitude group (P0.05); a wave amplitude between the three groups (P0.05). 2. The retinal ganglion cell layer and the inner granular layer were abnormal in the 5 000 m altitude group, and the retinal structure was close to normal 3 000 m altitude group. Observation of TUNEL staining: the number of apoptotic cells in retina of rats in the simulated altitude of 5000m was significantly increased, and a large number of apoptotic cells were expressed in the ganglion cell layer and the inner granular layer. The number of retinal apoptotic cells in the simulated 3000m altitude group was lower than that in the simulated 5000m altitude group, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion: 1. The morphologic changes of retinal neurons in rats under simulated hypoxia at high altitude were mainly concentrated in ganglion cell layer, inner core layer and outer nuclear layer. 2. The change of retinal current map was more obvious with the increase of altitude. 3. The retinal neurons were apoptotic, which was the retinal ganglion cells and the inner part of the retinal ganglion cells under the simulated high altitude hypoxia environment. The number of apoptotic cells increased with the increase of altitude.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R774.1

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