數字助聽器聲信號處理關鍵算法研究
[Abstract]:With the advent of an aging society, the number of elderly patients with hearing loss continues to increase. The mental distress of the elderly is second only to that of the digestive system. Chronic suffering from hearing loss in the elderly will seriously affect their physical and mental health and reduce their quality of life. For mild, moderate and even severe sensorineural hearing loss patients Hearing aids are the most effective means of hearing intervention and rehabilitation. In the past century, the technology of hearing aids has made great progress. The satisfaction of users with hearing aids has increased from 59.6% in 1980 to 74.0% in 2008. However, the performance of existing hearing aids is difficult to improve due to the effects of howling, signal distortion and noise. Hearing AIDS have been tested but not worn. One of the important reasons is that they do not provide sufficient benefits. Therefore, digital hearing aids for hearing impaired patients need to be further studied. Several key techniques of Chinese digital hearing aids are studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1. An adaptive loudness compensation method is proposed to alleviate the contradiction between the signal audibility and distortion in the traditional loudness compensation algorithm. Firstly, the Gammatone filter banks are used to decompose the signals into multi-channels to simulate human hearing. The compensation method is then determined according to the patient's auditory dynamic range and the sound pressure level of the channel signal. If the nonlinear compensation method is used, the adaptive wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) technique is used in the compensation process, which is based on the patient's auditory range and the sound pressure level of the output signal. Adaptive compression ratio can be adjusted as close as possible to 1. The purpose of adaptive compression ratio is to reduce signal distortion while the signal is audible. Moreover, adaptive WDRC technology can improve the output signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in noisy environments. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective than WDRC compensation method in terms of noise. Compared with linear and WDRC compensation methods, the proposed method improves speech intelligibility and speech quality. 2. A variable step size algorithm for hearing aids acoustic feedback suppression is proposed to alleviate the contradiction between fast convergence speed and low offset. The distance between the normalized short-term average and the long-term average of the filter coefficients divides the update state of the filter into convergence state, transition state and stable state, and uses different step sizes in different adaptive states. The variable step size algorithm is applied to the normalized Least Mean Error (NLMS) adaptive filter and the normalized subband adaptive filter (NSAF) algorithm respectively to form the variable step size algorithm. Variable Step Size NLMS (VSS-NLMS) and Variable Step Size NSAF (VSS-NSAF) algorithms are proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of fast convergence, low steady-state offset, and high Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) of output speech. An adaptive nonlinear frequency compression algorithm is proposed to make full use of the residual audible frequency band of the patients with hearing loss and improve the speech intelligibility of the patients with high frequency hearing loss. According to the global compression ratio and the normalized average energy of the sub-band signal, the sub-band compression ratio is adaptively determined to determine the frequency range of the compressed sub-band signal. Finally, the high-frequency signal is compressed to low-frequency by mapping method, which makes the high-frequency non-audible signal audible. Compared with the linear frequency compression algorithm, the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the intelligibility of consonants and sentences under different SNR conditions. 4. A new speech feature, multi-resolution power Normalized Cepstram Coefficients (MRPNCC), is proposed to obtain speech localization. Furthermore, a speech intelligibility enhancement algorithm based on MRPNCC features is proposed to improve the speech intelligibility of hearing impaired patients. Firstly, the support vector machine (SVM) model is trained by using MRPNCC feature vectors; secondly, the time-frequency units of speech are classified and removed by using the trained model. The noise-dominated time-frequency unit retains the speech-dominated time-frequency unit and uses Wiener filter to denoise it. Finally, the filtered time-frequency signal is reconstructed to enhance the speech. The experimental results show that the MRPNCC features are superior to the traditional spectral features, and the speech intelligibility experimental results show that the proposed speech is intelligible. The degree enhancement algorithm can significantly improve the speech intelligibility of hearing impaired patients.
【學位授予單位】:東南大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:R764.5;TN912.3
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