【摘要】：我國聽力殘疾共2780萬人，聽力殘疾的現(xiàn)患率為1.52%。溝通困難是聽力殘疾人日常生活中存在的最大問題，也是就業(yè)過程中最重要的影響因素。助聽器選配是臨床上解決聽力障礙患者聽力問題最普遍、最有效的方法。助聽器的使用效果，可直接影響聽力殘疾人士特別是在職人士平等參與社會生活。因此對聽力殘疾人助聽器使用現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查及滿意度分析具有重要理論價值和現(xiàn)實意義。 目的：以沈陽市佩戴助聽器的在職聽力殘疾人為對象，通過應用“助聽器效果國際性調(diào)查問卷”和自制助聽器滿意度調(diào)查問卷，對其使用助聽器現(xiàn)狀進行調(diào)查，并分析其使用助聽器的滿意程度，從而了解沈陽市聽力殘疾人群使用助聽器情況、分析助聽器使用滿意度的影響因素，為更好的應用助聽器提供指導建議；為更科學、更專業(yè)幫助聽力殘疾人提升生活品質(zhì)及增進社會活動參與能力提供理論依據(jù)。 方法：通過社區(qū)、福利企業(yè)、聾人協(xié)會等渠道收集在職聽力殘疾人情況，采用分層抽樣法抽取沈陽市在職聽力殘疾人600名，根據(jù)年齡因素分為30歲以下、31-40歲、41-50歲、50歲以上四組。對其進行助聽器效果國際性調(diào)查問卷和自制助聽器滿意度調(diào)查問卷調(diào)查，數(shù)據(jù)回收整理后進行助聽器使用現(xiàn)狀描述和數(shù)據(jù)分析，使用SPSS18.0軟件進行統(tǒng)計分析，采用t檢驗及方差分析，以P＜0.05為具有統(tǒng)計學意義。 結(jié)果：接受本調(diào)查的在職聽力殘疾人600名均佩戴助聽器，且佩戴時間均大于6周。通過對“助聽器效果國際性調(diào)查問卷”和自制助聽器滿意度調(diào)查問卷回收分析可見：不同學歷、不同行業(yè)的在職聽力殘疾人對助聽器使用基本滿意。接受調(diào)查的在職聽力殘疾人中，聽力損失程度以三級（占總數(shù)的41%）和二級聽力殘疾（占總數(shù)的46%）為主；文化程度中大專學歷人數(shù)最多占46.5%，本科生占25.5%，中專占28.0%；各職業(yè)人數(shù)分布中普通工人所占比例最高為39.0%，自由擇業(yè)者、專業(yè)人員及社區(qū)工作者分別占27.5%、24.2%及9.3%；每天佩戴助聽器大于8小時和使用時間大于6個月比例較高，分別為66.83%和64.50%，且這部分聽力殘疾人認為助聽器對自己生活便利影響較大，滿意度較高；受試者中男性較女性在生活質(zhì)量的改變方面更加滿意；年齡因素中，，50歲以上佩戴助聽器的殘疾人對各種環(huán)境下助聽器的使用、費用及方便程度滿意度較差；文化程度方面，本科及以上學歷人員對助聽器使用滿意度較高；從事職業(yè)方面，專業(yè)人員對比其他人員滿意度低；助聽器方面，對助聽器佩戴的容易程度滿意度最高，助聽器的電池費用滿意度較高，對吵雜環(huán)境下助聽滿意度、助聽器的維修服務品質(zhì)和銷售人員或聽力師的相關(guān)知識滿意度較低，助聽器維修的費用滿意度最低。 結(jié)論：沈陽市在職聽力殘疾人助聽器使用效果總體而言是滿意的。其中性別、年齡、佩戴時間、文化程度、職業(yè)等因素影響較大。其中男性、學歷較高、從事專業(yè)技術(shù)工作和佩戴時間較長的聽力殘疾人對助聽器更加滿意，而年齡較大的聽力殘疾人對于助聽器使用各種環(huán)境下、費用及方便程度均滿意度較差；助聽器方面，助聽器佩戴者對佩戴方式及助聽器電池的費用比較滿意；對嘈雜環(huán)境下使用情況、助聽器的維修服務品質(zhì)、銷售人員及聽力師的相關(guān)知識滿意度較低；對助聽器維修的費用滿意度最低。 建議：為增加助聽器的滿意度，年齡大的佩戴者可以讓其家人給予適當?shù)奶嵝眩惶岣咧犉麂N售人員或聽力師的知識水平和技術(shù)；開展助聽器國產(chǎn)化研究，降低生產(chǎn)和驗配成本；更好更全面的給予助聽器使用者普及相關(guān)的知識；發(fā)動全社會的力量關(guān)愛聽力殘疾人。
[Abstract]:There are 27 million 800 thousand people with hearing disability in China. The prevalence rate of hearing disability is 1.52%. communication difficulty is the biggest problem in the daily life of hearing disabled people. It is also the most important factor in the process of employment. Hearing aids is the most common and effective way to solve hearing problems in patients with hearing impairment. The effect of hearing aids is effective. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the status of hearing aids in hearing aids and to analyze the satisfaction of hearing aids.
Objective: To investigate the application of hearing aids to hearing aids in Shenyang, and to investigate the status of the hearing aids by using the international questionnaire on the effect of hearing aids and the questionnaire on the satisfaction of the self-made hearing aids, and to analyze the satisfaction degree of the hearing aids, so as to understand the hearing aids of the hearing aids in Shenyang. In order to provide a more scientific, more professional help to improve the quality of life and enhance the ability to participate in social activities, it provides a theoretical basis for a more scientific, more professional help to improve the quality of life and the ability to participate in social activities.
Methods: through the community, the welfare enterprises, the Deaf Association and other channels to collect the situation of the disabled hearing disabled, using the stratified sampling method to extract 600 disabled hearing disabled in Shenyang, according to the age factors divided into 30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, four groups above 50 years old. Degree survey questionnaire survey, data recovery after the use of hearing aids description and data analysis, the use of SPSS18.0 software for statistical analysis, t test and variance analysis, with P < 0.05 as a statistical significance.
Results: 600 hearing disabled people were all wearing hearing aids, and the time of wear was more than 6 weeks. Through the analysis of the "international questionnaire on the effect of hearing aids" and the satisfaction questionnaire of self-made hearing aids, we can see that different educational backgrounds and employees in different industries are basically satisfied with the use of hearing aids. Among the in-service hearing handicapped, the degree of hearing loss was three (41% of the total) and two of the hearing disability (46%); the number of college education was 46.5%, the undergraduate was 25.5%, and the secondary school accounted for 28%. The highest proportion of the ordinary workers in the distribution of the occupations was 39%, the free choice and professional staff. And community workers accounted for 27.5%, 24.2% and 9.3%, respectively, and the proportion of hearing aids more than 8 hours and more than 6 months was higher, 66.83% and 64.50%, respectively, and this part of the hearing disabled thought that the hearing aids had greater impact on their own life convenience and higher satisfaction; the men in the subjects were better than women in the change of quality of life. More satisfied with the age factors, the disabled with hearing aids over 50 years old were less satisfied with the use of hearing aids in various environments; in terms of education, the degree of satisfaction with the use of hearing aids was higher for the undergraduate and above, and in the profession, the professional staff were lower in satisfaction than other people; On the other hand, the satisfaction degree of the hearing aids is the highest, the battery cost satisfaction of the hearing aids is higher, the satisfaction of hearing aids, the maintenance service quality of the hearing aid and the satisfaction of the salesperson or the listening teacher are low, and the satisfaction of the hearing aids maintenance is the lowest.
Conclusion: the effect of hearing aids for hearing disabled in Shenyang is generally satisfactory. The factors such as sex, age, time of wearing, educational level and occupation are much more affected. Among them, people with higher educational background, professional technical work and long time hearing disability people are more satisfied with hearing aids and older hearing. The satisfaction of the disabled to the use of all kinds of environment, the cost and the convenience of the hearing aids was poor; the hearing aids, the hearing aid wearer was satisfied with the wear mode and the cost of the hearing aid battery; the satisfaction of the maintenance service quality of the hearing aids, the salespeople and the listening teachers were lower. The cost of hearing aid maintenance is the lowest.
Suggestion: in order to increase the satisfaction of hearing aids, the older wearers can give their families appropriate reminding; improve the knowledge level and technology of the hearing aids sales staff or the listening teachers; carry out the research on the localization of the hearing aids, reduce the cost of production and check, and popularize the related knowledge to the users of the hearing aids more comprehensive; The power of the whole society cares for the hearing disabled.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R764

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