本文選題：中小學(xué)生 + 視力不良　； 參考：《昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：[目的]通過流行病學(xué)研究了解云南省墨江縣中小學(xué)生視力不良的患病率、主要病因和影響因素。補(bǔ)充中國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)特別是西南部多民族地區(qū)學(xué)生視力不良患病率的情況。為制定更合理的學(xué)生預(yù)防視力不良策略和措施提供有力依據(jù)。[方法]以墨江縣內(nèi)十所學(xué)校的小學(xué)一年級(jí)和初中七年級(jí)共4778名學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象,檢查內(nèi)容包括視力、眼壓測(cè)量、眼前節(jié)檢查、散瞳前后電腦驗(yàn)光、主觀驗(yàn)光、眼底檢查、眼底照相、lenstar的檢查,及身高體重等,問卷內(nèi)容包括學(xué)習(xí)壓力,學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī),每次學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間和放學(xué)后學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間,使用電腦的情況,飲食情況和父母是否有近視史等情況,并對(duì)各數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。視力不良定義為裸眼遠(yuǎn)視力小于等于0. 5。[結(jié)果]墨江縣中小學(xué)生視力不良在一年級(jí)和七年級(jí)的患病率分別為2.38%,和2056%。在一年級(jí)學(xué)生中,視力不良患病率在雙眼中視力較好一側(cè)和較差一側(cè)分別為0. 74% (0. 44,1.17)和2. 30% (1. 74, 2. 98),無論是上述哪一側(cè),在性別和民族之間均未見顯著差異;在七年級(jí)學(xué)生中,視力不良發(fā)病率在雙眼中視力較好一側(cè)和較差一側(cè)分別為12.23% ( 10. 93,13. 63 )和18.12%(16.58,19.74),無論是上述哪一側(cè),發(fā)病率女生均多于男生,同時(shí)民族之間也均存在差異,其中以漢族最多。在所有學(xué)生中,視力不良的首位病因是近視(約27.20%)。七年級(jí)學(xué)生中學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間(在校和放學(xué)后)、接觸電腦等視頻時(shí)間、不良用眼方式、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、學(xué)習(xí)緊張程度和父母雙方一方存在近視均是視力不良的影響因素。[結(jié)論]云南省墨江縣十所學(xué)校一年級(jí)和七年級(jí)兩個(gè)視力不良患病率低于中國(guó)其他地區(qū)該病的患病率。未矯正的屈光不正是視力不良的主要原因,其中近視較多,其次是弱視。七年級(jí)學(xué)生中視力不良的影響因素包括包括學(xué)習(xí)壓力、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間,不良的用眼習(xí)慣,飲食因素,遺傳因素。本次研究結(jié)果將為政府和相關(guān)部門對(duì)中小學(xué)生視力不良相關(guān)措施的制定提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence, main etiology and influencing factors of visual impairment among primary and middle school students in Mojiang County, Yunnan Province. To supplement the prevalence of vision impairment in rural areas, especially in the southwestern multi-ethnic areas. To provide effective basis for formulating more reasonable strategies and measures to prevent poor eyesight. [methods] A total of 4778 students in grade 1 and grade 7 of 10 primary schools in Mojiang County were studied. The contents of the examination included visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, anterior and posterior mydriasis examination, computer optometry, subjective optometry and fundus examination. Examination of fundus photography, height and weight, and so on. The contents of the questionnaire included learning stress, academic achievement, time for each study and after school, computer use, diet and whether parents had a history of nearsightedness, etc. The data were analyzed statistically. Poor vision is defined as uncorrected far vision less than or equal to 0. 5. [results] the prevalence of visual impairment in grade 1 and grade 7 were 2.38 and 2056 respectively. In the first grade students, the prevalence of visual impairment in the eyes of the better side and the worse side were 0. 5%. 74%. 44-1.17) and 2.00. 30%. 74, 2. There was no significant difference in gender and nationality between the two sides, and the incidence of poor vision was 12.23% (10. 23%) on the better side of the eyes and 10. 3% on the poor side of the eyes in grade 7. 93,13. 63) and 18.12% ~ 16.58% ~ 19.74%, no matter which side mentioned above, the incidence rate of female students is higher than that of boys, and there are also differences among nationalities, of which Han nationality is the most. Of all students, myopia is the leading cause of poor vision (about 27.20%). The influencing factors of visual acuity were the learning time of seventh grade students (such as video time in school and after school, contact with computer and so on), bad use of eyes, academic achievement, degree of learning tension and the existence of myopia in both parents. [conclusion] the prevalence of vision impairment in the first grade and seventh grade of ten schools in Mojiang County, Yunnan Province is lower than that in other regions of China. Uncorrected refraction is not the main cause of poor vision, myopia is more, followed by amblyopia. The influencing factors of poor eyesight in seventh grade students include learning stress, academic achievement, study time, bad eye habits, dietary factors and genetic factors. The results of this study will provide the basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate measures for primary and secondary school students with poor eyesight.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R778

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本文編號(hào)：2048277