本文選題：變壓器噪聲 + SD大鼠��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:探討短時(shí)程(8 weeks)內(nèi)變壓器噪聲暴露對(duì)SD大鼠聽(tīng)力與應(yīng)激、血生化與免疫、行為學(xué)及神經(jīng)生理的影響。方法:以曠場(chǎng)行為學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)(Open Field Behavior Test,OFBT)得分為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),選擇行為學(xué)指標(biāo)得分相近的,耳廓反射靈敏的健康6周齡SD大鼠90只,雌雄各半,體重在120～180 g之間。動(dòng)物隨機(jī)分為A、B、C三組,每組30只,雌雄各半。A、B組給予調(diào)制的錄制變壓器噪聲暴露,刺激聲強(qiáng)度分別為65 dB SPL(A組)及60dBSPL(B組),C組在同等條件下飼養(yǎng),不給予噪聲刺激。噪聲暴露期間,通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的定時(shí)連續(xù)稱重分析變壓器噪聲對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物體重的影響。噪聲暴露前及結(jié)束后,通過(guò)耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)、聽(tīng)性腦干反應(yīng)檢測(cè)、耳蝸基底膜鋪片觀察及外毛細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)評(píng)估SD大鼠聽(tīng)力學(xué)狀況。通過(guò)ELISA定量檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物血液中的生長(zhǎng)激素(HGH)、促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素(ACTH)、血清皮質(zhì)醇(CORT)含量。噪聲暴露結(jié)束后實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物立即心臟取血并處死進(jìn)行以下研究:通過(guò)血液生化檢測(cè)評(píng)估實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物電解質(zhì)、肝功能、腎功能等方面的變化;通過(guò)ELISA法定量檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物血清免疫球蛋白、白細(xì)胞介素1、2及IgE的含量變化。噪聲暴露期間通過(guò)鼠尾懸吊試驗(yàn)及曠場(chǎng)行為學(xué)試驗(yàn)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物進(jìn)行行為學(xué)評(píng)估。噪聲暴露結(jié)束后通過(guò)高效液相色譜質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用檢測(cè)法對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物腦神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)進(jìn)行定量研究分析:GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)、Glu(谷氨酸)、5-HT(5-羥色胺)、DA(多巴胺)。通過(guò)透射電鏡觀察大鼠海馬組織細(xì)胞核及突觸形態(tài)的變化。結(jié)果:在變壓器噪聲暴露的8周內(nèi),各組大鼠生長(zhǎng)狀況良好,體重均呈正常生理性增長(zhǎng),組間差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);在變壓器噪聲暴露8周后,對(duì)A、B、C三組大鼠的聽(tīng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行兩兩比較,組間差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);生長(zhǎng)激素(GH)各組均未測(cè)出,促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素(ACTH)、血清皮質(zhì)醇(CORT)的含量進(jìn)行三組間比較,組間差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。對(duì)大鼠血清中電解質(zhì)、肝腎功能的生化指標(biāo)進(jìn)行組間比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);三組標(biāo)本白細(xì)胞介素1(IL-1)及免疫球蛋白IgE未測(cè)出,血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA及白細(xì)胞介素2(IL-2)兩兩組間比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。在三組SD大鼠的海馬區(qū)Glu、GABA、DA、5-HT含量上,組間定量比較差異無(wú)顯著性意義(P0.05);透射電鏡下觀察到各噪聲暴露組大鼠神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞核形態(tài)、神經(jīng)突觸形態(tài)均與對(duì)照組之間無(wú)明顯差異。結(jié)論:連續(xù)暴露于聲壓級(jí)上限65 dB SPL/60 dB SPL、頻譜范圍為100～800 Hz的變壓器噪聲下8周(10小時(shí)/天)對(duì)SD大鼠聽(tīng)力無(wú)明顯影響,同時(shí)也未引發(fā)SD大鼠應(yīng)激狀態(tài)。噪聲暴露的SD大鼠電解質(zhì)穩(wěn)態(tài)與對(duì)照組保持一致,且其肝腎功能及免疫功能均無(wú)明顯改變。實(shí)驗(yàn)大鼠未出現(xiàn)明顯行為學(xué)異常,其神經(jīng)生理方面未產(chǎn)生明顯變化。
[Abstract]:Aim: to investigate the effects of transformer noise exposure on hearing and stress, blood biochemistry and immunity, behavior and neurophysiology in SD rats. Methods: according to the standard of Open Field Behavior Test (OFBT), 90 healthy 6-week-old SD rats with similar behavioral score and sensitive auricle reflex were selected, half female and half male, weighing 120,180g. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: 30 rats in each group. Each group was exposed to modulated recording transformer noise (65 dB SPL(A) and 60dBSPL(B group C was fed under the same conditions without noise stimulation. During noise exposure, the influence of transformer noise on the body weight of experimental animals was analyzed by means of timing and continuous weighing of experimental animals. Before and after noise exposure, auditory brainstem response (ABR), cochlear basement membrane (BMS) and outer hair cell count were measured to evaluate the audiological status of SD rats. The levels of growth hormone (HGH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum cortisol (Cort) in blood of experimental animals were measured by ELISA. Immediately after the noise exposure, the experimental animals were taken from the heart and killed to carry out the following research: the changes of electrolyte, liver function and renal function were evaluated by blood biochemical test; The levels of serum immunoglobulin, interleukin 1 (IL 1) 2 and IgE were measured by ELISA assay. Animal behavior was evaluated by tail suspension test and open field behavior test during noise exposure. After noise exposure, the brain neurotransmitters of experimental animals were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC / MS). The morphologic changes of nucleus and synapse in rat hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: within 8 weeks of noise exposure of transformer, the rats in each group were in good growth condition, their body weight was normal physiologic increase, there was no significant difference between the groups (P 0.05), and after 8 weeks of exposure to transformer noise, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The audiological indexes of the three groups were compared. There was no significant difference between the three groups (P0.05, GH). The contents of ACTH and Cort were compared among the three groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P 0.05). The biochemical indexes of serum electrolytes and liver and kidney function in rats were compared with each other. There was no significant difference between the three groups (P 0.05), and the levels of IL-1 and immunoglobulin IgE were not detected in the three groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in serum immunoglobulin IgG titer IgA and interleukin 2 (IL 2). There was no significant difference in the content of GABA ADA 5-HT between the three groups in the hippocampal area of SD rats, but there was no significant difference in the morphology of neurons and synaptic morphology between the noise exposure group and the control group under transmission electron microscope. Conclusion: continuous exposure to the upper limit of sound pressure 65 dB SPL/60 dB SPLL with a frequency spectrum of 100,800 Hz for 8 weeks and 10 hours per day has no significant effect on the hearing of SD rats, nor does it induce stress in SD rats. The electrolyte homeostasis of noise exposed SD rats was consistent with that of the control group, and the liver and kidney function and immune function of SD rats were not changed significantly. There were no obvious behavioral abnormalities and no obvious changes in neurophysiology in experimental rats.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R764

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