本文選題：眼軸長度 + 影響因素�。� 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：探索長期進行鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)的學(xué)齡兒童眼軸長度變化及其影響因素。 設(shè)計：橫斷面調(diào)查研究。 研究對象：1724名上海市6-11歲漢族兒童。有長期鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)的經(jīng)歷(最短1年,最長8年)并且參加了2010年上海市鋼琴考級考試的901名(52.26%)琴童,對照組為在參加本研究之前沒有任何鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)經(jīng)歷的823名(47.74%)普通兒童。 方法：兒童相關(guān)信息通過調(diào)查問卷形式獲得,包括年齡、性別、身高、父母近視人數(shù)、每天近距離工作時間、每天戶外活動時間,以及琴童鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)相關(guān)的因素。用IOL-master進行眼軸長度的測量。應(yīng)用t檢驗方法比較不同組別的眼軸長度；多重線性回歸模型分析反應(yīng)變量與各個解釋變量之間的關(guān)系,以眼軸長度作為因變量,鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)因素、非鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)因素作為自變量,評價這些因素對眼軸長度的影響作用。 結(jié)果：所有兒童的眼軸長度呈現(xiàn)正態(tài)分布,平均眼軸長度為23.54±0.99mm(20.51-26.86mm),男童長于女童(23.84±0.99mm vs.23.35±0.95mm,P0.001)；多重線性回歸模型顯示,眼軸長度隨年齡增長而增長(回歸系數(shù)b=0.21,P0.001),男童比女童長0.48mm(P0.001),身高越高眼軸越長(1cm,b=0.01,P0.001),父母近視人數(shù)多的兒童眼軸長,兒童父母均近視、一人近視比沒有父母近視眼軸分別長0.44mm、0.23mm (P0.001),戶外活動時間短的兒童眼軸長度長,每天戶外活動時間小于半小時的兒童比超過1.5小時的兒童眼軸長0.16mm(P0.05),有長期鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)經(jīng)歷的兒童比沒有鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)經(jīng)歷兒童長0.21mm(p0.001),每天讀書學(xué)習(xí)時間、是否用電腦對眼軸長度的影響未顯示出有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 單獨對琴童分析,性別、年齡、身高、父母近視人數(shù)、每天戶外活動時間仍然顯示出對眼軸長度的影響作用；匹配了年齡、性別、身高、父母近視人數(shù)、每天戶外活動時間、每天看電視時間后,每天進行鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)兒童比間斷進行鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)兒童眼軸長0.14mm(P0.05),參加鋼琴考級級別越高的兒童眼軸越長(b=0.11,p0.001),開始學(xué)琴年齡、每天鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)總時間、鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)間歇時間對眼軸長度的影響未顯示出有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論：本研究證明了在上海市6-11歲的漢族兒童中,年齡、性別、父母近視史、身高對眼軸長度的影響最大。父母近視人數(shù)多者眼軸長,身高越高眼軸越長,戶外活動時間短者眼軸長；在上述因素均匹配的情況下,琴童比非琴童眼軸長,進行鋼琴彈奏練習(xí)頻次高(每天練習(xí))的琴童眼軸長,鋼琴考級級別越高的琴童眼軸越長。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the changes of eye axis length and its influencing factors in school age children who have been playing piano for a long time. Design: cross-sectional investigation. Participants: a total of 1724 Han children aged 6-11 years in Shanghai. Have a long experience of playing piano (at least one year, up to eight years) and 901 students who took part in the 2010 Shanghai Piano examination. The control group consisted of 823 children who had not experienced any piano practice before taking part in this study. Methods: information about children was obtained by questionnaire, including age, sex, height, myopia of parents, close working hours every day, outdoor activities every day, and the factors related to piano playing. The length of eye axis was measured by IOL-master. T test method was used to compare the eye axis length of different groups, the multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the response variables and the various explanatory variables, and the eye axis length was used as the dependent variable. The factors of non-piano playing were used as independent variables to evaluate the effect of these factors on the length of eye axis. Results: the length of eye axis in all children was normal distribution, the average length of eye axis was 23.54 鹵0.99mm ~ 20.51-26.86mm, the length of eye axis of boys was 23.84 鹵0.99mm vs.23.35 鹵0.95mm (P 0.001) than that of girls, and the multiple linear regression model showed that, The length of eye axis increased with age (regression coefficient BX 0.21% P0.001g, boys 0.48mm) longer than girls (P 0.001), the taller the height of the eyes, the longer the axial axis was, the longer the axial length was, the more myopia the children were, the more their parents were myopia, the higher the height of the eye axis was, the longer the axial length of the eye axis was. One person's myopia was 0.44mm / 0.23mm / (P 0.001) longer than that without parent's myopia, and the length of eye axis was longer in children with shorter outdoor activities. Children with less than half an hour of outdoor activities a day had an eye axis of 0.16mm / kg longer than those with a duration of more than 1.5 hours, and children with a long experience of playing the piano were 0.21mm / p 0.001 longer than those who had no experience of playing the piano, and they spent a lot of time reading and studying every day. The effect of computer on axial length was not statistically significant (P 0.05). Sex, age, height, number of myopia parents, outdoor activity time per day still showed an effect on the length of eye axis, matched age, sex, height, number of parents myopia, daily outdoor activity time, After watching TV every day, children practiced piano playing every day, and the children had 0.14 mm long eye axis of children than those with intermittent piano playing. The higher the grade of piano examination, the longer the axial length of children's eyes was 0.11p 0.001. The children began to learn piano, and the total time of daily piano playing practice was total. The effect of the interval time of piano playing on the length of eye axis was not statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: this study demonstrated that age, sex, parents' myopia and height had the greatest influence on the length of eye axis in 6-11 year old Han children in Shanghai. The more myopic parents were, the longer the axial axis was, the longer the height, the longer the length of the eye axis, and the longer the axial length of the eye axis of the children with shorter outdoor activity time. In the case of all the above factors matched, the axial length of the children was longer than that of the non-children. Children with high frequency of piano playing (daily practice) have long eyelids, and children with higher grades of piano exams have longer axes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R778.11

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