本文選題：糖尿病　切入點(diǎn)：DR　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的 調(diào)查山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院健康體檢事業(yè)單位人群中，45歲以上糖尿病患者糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的患病率及其相關(guān)影響因素，以期為我省糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的防治提供參考資料，并且為推進(jìn)實(shí)現(xiàn)“視覺2020”行動(dòng)打下一定的基礎(chǔ)。研究方法 2010年6月到2011年3月份太原市迎澤區(qū)11個(gè)事業(yè)單位在山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院進(jìn)行健康體檢，45歲以上者行免散瞳雙眼眼底照相及測空腹血糖濃度，通過眼底照片來確診DR，眼底照片模糊者進(jìn)行眼前節(jié)照相。確診為糖尿病的患者進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查，同時(shí)進(jìn)行相關(guān)知識宣教，對眼底有病變者建議健康體檢后到門診進(jìn)行詳細(xì)眼科檢查。計(jì)算糖尿病及糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的患病率，，所有統(tǒng)計(jì)工作均采用SPSSl3.0軟件完成。 結(jié)果 健康體檢總?cè)巳簽?300例，45歲以上體檢對象有5070例，行雙眼眼底照相者5012例，應(yīng)答率為98.9%，確診為糖尿病的患者574例，眼底照片可以分級者480例，糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變95例（95/480，19.8%）。糖尿病病程≤5年、5~10年、10~15年、15~20年、≥20年DR的患病率分別為11.8%、13.2%、15.4%、27.0%、62.5%。問卷調(diào)查顯示聽說過糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變者比例為86%，治療情況顯示單純用降血糖藥、口服降血糖藥聯(lián)合胰島素者、單純用胰島素者其DR的患病率分別是18.8%、19.8%、25.9%。性別、糖尿病病程、家族史、血糖濃度、是否查眼底與DR有密切關(guān)系。 結(jié)論 1、健康體檢45歲以上糖尿病患者糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的的患病率男性高于女性。 2、健康體檢45歲以上糖尿病患者糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的的患病率隨著糖尿病病程、空腹血糖濃度的增長而增加。 3、健康體檢45歲以上糖尿病患者有糖尿病家族史的糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的患病率高于否認(rèn)糖尿病家族史者。 4、性別、糖尿病病程、空腹血糖濃度、糖尿病家族史、是否查眼底是糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的危險(xiǎn)因素。 5、問卷調(diào)查顯示了解糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變相關(guān)知識的患者數(shù)較低，加大宣傳相關(guān)知識教育降低糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變發(fā)生發(fā)展是非常必要的。
[Abstract]:Research purposeTo investigate the prevalence rate of diabetic retinopathy (DM) in patients over 45 years of age in the health examination institutions of the first Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and its related influencing factors, in order to provide references for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy in our province.And to promote the realization of "vision 2020" action to lay a certain foundation.Research methodFrom June 2010 to March 2011, 11 institutions in Yingze District, Taiyuan City, underwent a health examination at the first Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Those over 45 years of age underwent eye photography without pupil dilation and fasting blood glucose concentration was measured.The DRs were diagnosed by fundus photographs, and those with blurred fundus photographs were photographed in the anterior segment.The patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus were investigated by questionnaire, and the patients with ocular fundus diseases were advised to go to the outpatient department for detailed ophthalmic examination after physical examination.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy was calculated by SPSSl3.0 software.ResultThere were 5070 subjects over 45 years old in 7300 healthy people, 5012 cases underwent binocular fundus photography, the response rate was 98.9, 574 cases were diagnosed as diabetes mellitus, 480 cases were classified by fundus photograph, 95 cases (95 / 480) were diagnosed as diabetic retinopathy.The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus 鈮

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