【摘要】：寰樞椎脫位是顱頸交界區(qū)的一種常見疾病,是由創(chuàng)傷、先天畸形、炎癥等因素造成寰樞椎關(guān)節(jié)面失去正常對合關(guān)系,發(fā)生關(guān)節(jié)功能障礙伴或不伴神經(jīng)壓迫的病理狀態(tài)。因寰樞椎解剖結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,功能特殊,部位較深,以及脫位后的不穩(wěn)定性,對寰樞椎脫位的診斷和治療有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性。寰樞椎脫位分型較多,較有臨床指導(dǎo)意義的有譚明生的3型分法和Wang S等提出的4型分法。寰樞椎脫位的治療分為保守和手術(shù)兩種,對于損傷程度較輕,且穩(wěn)定性較好的寰樞椎脫位,應(yīng)當(dāng)首先考慮保守治療,包括牽引、固定等。對于保守治療失敗的、不穩(wěn)定的或伴脊髓神經(jīng)損傷的寰樞椎脫位,應(yīng)考慮選擇手術(shù)。目前常用手術(shù)方式包括前路復(fù)位固定、后路復(fù)位固定、前后路聯(lián)合等,在選擇手術(shù)方案時應(yīng)始終貫穿個性化原則,以達(dá)到最佳治療目的。隨著當(dāng)代上頸椎外科診療水平的提高,寰樞椎脫位的診療技術(shù)也隨之得到了很大發(fā)展。本文就國內(nèi)外對寰樞椎脫位診療技術(shù)的一些最新的研究進(jìn)展做一綜述,為寰樞椎脫位的合理治療提供參考作用。
[Abstract]:Atlantoaxial dislocation is a common disease in the cranio-cervical junction. It is caused by trauma, congenital deformity, inflammation and other factors, resulting in the loss of normal alignment of atlantoaxial joint surface, and the pathological state of joint dysfunction with or without nerve compression. Because of the complexity of atlantoaxial anatomical structure, special function, deep position and instability after dislocation, it is challenging for the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. There are many types of atlantoaxial dislocation, and the three types of atlantoaxial dislocation are Tan Mingsheng's 3 type method and Wang S's 4 type method. The treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation can be divided into conservative and surgical treatment. For atlantoaxial dislocation with mild injury and good stability, conservative treatment, including traction and fixation, should be considered first. For atlantoaxial dislocation with failed conservative treatment, unstable or spinal nerve injury, surgery should be considered. At present, the common surgical methods include anterior reduction and fixation, posterior reduction and fixation, anterior and posterior approach combination and so on. In order to achieve the best treatment purpose, the principle of individualization should always be used in the selection of surgical schemes. With the improvement of surgical diagnosis and treatment of upper cervical vertebrae, the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation has been greatly developed. In this paper, some recent research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation at home and abroad is reviewed, which provides a reference for the rational treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R687.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：2496962