發(fā)布時間：2018-12-17 11:31

【摘要】：目的：利用逆向工程的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像三維可視化及醫(yī)學(xué)有限元法,借助Mimics14.0軟件,建立脊柱胸腰段(包括T11-L3)及相對應(yīng)L1骨折的三維有限元模型,在模型進(jìn)行有效性驗證后對模型進(jìn)行生物力學(xué)分析,探討胸腰段椎體骨折的損傷機(jī)制并為復(fù)位床托治療胸腰段椎體壓縮性骨折提供理論依據(jù)。 方法：選取成年健康男性志愿者一名作為受試對象,無胸、腰背部外傷史,無胸腰椎疾病史,X線檢查排除骨骼異常情況,并簽署知情同意書。對其脊柱胸腰段部分(主要為T11-L3)運(yùn)用螺旋CT進(jìn)行連續(xù)掃描,所得數(shù)據(jù)以DICOM3.0標(biāo)準(zhǔn)保存并刻錄成光盤。將所得數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入Mimics14.0軟件中進(jìn)行建模,產(chǎn)生三維實(shí)體模型。確定所建模型的單元類型,賦予材料屬性,隨后將所得三維有限元模型導(dǎo)入Ansys14.0有限元分析軟件中,驗證模型有效性后,在邊界載荷束縛下對所建模型進(jìn)行生物力學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果:1.建立了包含椎體、椎間盤、周圍韌帶結(jié)構(gòu)的T11-L3的三維有限元模型,共包括58815個節(jié)點(diǎn),227774個單元。所建立模型幾何外形逼真、視覺效果良好、網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分方便且適合進(jìn)行生物力學(xué)分析。2.本模型經(jīng)驗證后顯示是有效的,對闡述L1椎體壓縮性骨折的受傷機(jī)制具有重要意義,為復(fù)位床托治療胸腰段椎體壓縮性骨折提供充分的理論依據(jù),有利于復(fù)位床托的臨床推廣。 結(jié)論:1.所建立胸腰段(包括T11-L3)及胸腰段L1骨折的三維有限元模型的生物力學(xué)特性基本符合人體的運(yùn)動規(guī)律,根據(jù)正常人體基本資料構(gòu)建有限元模型的方法切實(shí)可行,其模型驗證有效,可以運(yùn)用于與脊柱胸腰段其他疾病有關(guān)的研究。2.在利用復(fù)位床托復(fù)位治療椎體骨折時應(yīng)將床托最高點(diǎn)(支點(diǎn))置于骨折椎體棘突頂點(diǎn)。3.應(yīng)將小關(guān)節(jié)應(yīng)力納入有限元分析中。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of thoracolumbar spine (including T11-L3) and L1 fracture by using 3D visualization of medical images and medical finite element method (FEM) in reverse engineering and with the aid of Mimics14.0 software. After the validity of the model was verified, the biomechanical analysis of the model was carried out to explore the injury mechanism of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture and to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture with reduction bed care. Methods: a healthy adult male volunteer was selected as the subject. There was no chest, history of back trauma, no history of thoracolumbar disease, X-ray examination excluded abnormal bone, and signed informed consent letter. The thoracolumbar part of the spine (mainly T11-L3) was continuously scanned by spiral CT. The data were saved and burned into CD by DICOM3.0 standard. The data is imported into Mimics14.0 software for modeling, and the 3D solid model is generated. The element type of the model is determined and the material attribute is assigned. Then the 3D finite element model is imported into the Ansys14.0 finite element analysis software to verify the validity of the model and the biomechanical analysis of the model is carried out under the boundary load constraint. Results: 1. A three-dimensional finite element model of T11-L3 with vertebrae, intervertebral discs and peri-ligament structures was established, consisting of 58,815 nodes and 227,774 elements. The model has the advantages of realistic geometry, good visual effect, convenient network partition and suitable biomechanical analysis. 2. This model is proved to be effective, which is of great significance to expound the injury mechanism of L1 vertebral compression fracture, to provide sufficient theoretical basis for the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture with reduction bed care, and to facilitate the clinical popularization of reduction bed care. Conclusion: 1. The biomechanical characteristics of the three dimensional finite element model of thoracolumbar segment (including T11-L3) and thoracolumbar segment L1 fracture are basically in accordance with the human motion law. The method of constructing the finite element model based on the basic data of normal human body is feasible. The model is valid and can be used in studies related to other diseases of the thoracolumbar spine. 2. The highest point (fulcrum) of the bed holder should be placed at the apex of the spinous process of the fracture vertebral body when the reduction bed holder is used in the treatment of vertebral fracture. The stress of small joint should be included in finite element analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R687.3

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