發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-22 13:01

【摘要】：目的:建立一種能夠模擬人類股骨頭骨壞死早期表現(xiàn)的鴯鹋股骨頭壞死模型,研究鴯鹋股骨頭壞死標(biāo)本中不同區(qū)域內(nèi)的骨微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的特征,探討股骨頭骨壞死的原因,以尋求安全有效的臨床保頭治療的方案。方法:以成年鴯鹋為研究對象,用局部注射無水乙醇的方法來建立股骨頭骨壞死的動物模型,對股骨頭標(biāo)本進(jìn)行Micro-CT掃描及病理學(xué)檢測;根據(jù)骨質(zhì)密度的不同,將每個(gè)標(biāo)本分為骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)、骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)、正常區(qū),對不同區(qū)域的骨微觀結(jié)構(gòu)通過組織學(xué)檢查、Micro-CT檢查來觀察比較;用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR對不同區(qū)域內(nèi)成、破骨細(xì)胞活性進(jìn)行觀察分析。結(jié)果:1.通過局部注射無水乙醇建立鴯鹋骨股頭骨壞死模型:術(shù)后實(shí)驗(yàn)動物無明顯感染表現(xiàn),未出現(xiàn)異常死亡病例。無股骨頭塌陷,股骨頭內(nèi)出現(xiàn)不同程度的骨壞死表現(xiàn)。骨計(jì)量學(xué)結(jié)果表明,造模側(cè)比對照側(cè)骨小梁厚度(Tb.th)上升了87%,骨小梁間距(Tb.sp)降低了43%,骨礦化密度(BMD)和骨小梁數(shù)目(Tb.N)沒有明顯變化。2.Micro-CT檢測表明,股骨頭壞死標(biāo)本中出現(xiàn)明顯的區(qū)域化差異。骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)域的骨小梁出現(xiàn)骨折、連續(xù)性破壞;骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)域骨小梁間隙變窄、數(shù)目增多;正常區(qū)的骨小梁厚度分布均勻,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)骨小梁的BMD、Tb.Th、Tb.N與正常區(qū)相比有不同程度的降低,Tb.Sp與正常區(qū)相比升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)骨小梁的BMD、Tb.Th、Tb.N與正常區(qū)相比有不同程度的升高,Tb.Sp與正常區(qū)相比降低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。3.病理學(xué)結(jié)果表明,鴯鹋股骨頭壞死早期標(biāo)本各區(qū)域骨小梁微觀構(gòu)造存在明顯不同之處。骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)骨小梁連續(xù)性破壞,骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)骨小梁密度變大,排列致密。4.RT-PCR的結(jié)果表明,骨吸收相關(guān)基因RANKL和RANK在骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)表達(dá)高于骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)及正常區(qū);骨形成相關(guān)基因BMP2和OPG在骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)及正常區(qū)表達(dá)高于骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)。結(jié)論:1.通過注射無水乙醇方法可以建立的鴯鹋股骨頭壞死模型。2.鴯鹋股骨頭壞死標(biāo)本呈現(xiàn)出明顯的分區(qū)化差異,骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)骨小梁密度變小,骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)骨小梁密度變大。3.骨質(zhì)增生區(qū)成骨細(xì)胞活性增強(qiáng);骨質(zhì)破壞區(qū)破骨細(xì)胞活性增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an emu model of femoral head necrosis which can mimic the early manifestation of human femoral head necrosis, to study the characteristics of bone microstructure in different areas of femoral head necrosis in emus, and to explore the causes of femoral head necrosis. In order to seek a safe and effective clinical head-keeping treatment. Methods: adult emus were used to establish the animal model of femoral head osteonecrosis by local injection of anhydrous alcohol. The femoral head specimens were examined by Micro-CT and pathology. According to the difference of bone density, each specimen was divided into bone destruction area, bone hyperplasia area and normal area. The microstructure of bone in different areas was observed and compared by histological examination and Micro-CT examination. The activity of osteoclasts in different regions was observed and analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results: 1. The osteonecrosis model of femoral head of emus was established by local injection of anhydrous ethanol. There was no collapse of the femoral head and various degrees of osteonecrosis appeared in the femoral head. The bone metrology results showed that the trabecular thickness (Tb.th) of the model side increased by 87% and the trabecular spacing (Tb.sp) decreased by 43% compared with the control side. There was no significant change in bone mineralization density (BMD) and bone trabecular number (Tb.N). 2.Micro-CT analysis showed that there were significant regional differences in femoral head necrosis specimens. The bone trabeculae in the bone destruction area appeared fracture, the continuity destruction; the bone trabecular space became narrow, the number increased in the hyperosteogenic area; the normal area bone trabecular thickness distribution is uniform, the structure is complete. The BMD,Tb.Th,Tb.N of trabecular bone in bone destruction area was lower than that in normal area, and Tb.Sp was higher than that in normal area (P0.05). The BMD,Tb.Th,Tb.N of bone trabeculae in hypertrophic area was higher than that in normal area, and Tb.Sp was lower than that in normal area (P0.05). The pathological results showed that there were obvious differences in the microstructure of trabeculae in the early stage of femoral head necrosis in emus. The results of 4.RT-PCR showed that the expression of bone resorption related genes RANKL and RANK was higher in bone destruction area than in hyperplastic bone area and normal area. The expression of bone formation related genes BMP2 and OPG in the hyperosteogenic and normal areas was higher than that in the bone destruction area. Conclusion: 1. The model of femoral head necrosis in emus can be established by injecting anhydrous ethanol. 2. The osteonecrosis of femoral head in emus showed obvious zoning difference. The density of trabecular bone became smaller and the density of trabecular bone increased in the area of bone destruction. The activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in osteoblasts were increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R681.8

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