【摘要】：金屬材料廣泛運用在骨科手術中,卻依然存在應力遮擋、需二次手術等不足。選擇恰當?shù)膬戎梦飳颊邅碚f非常重要,不然非常容易造成手術失敗。同種異體骨接骨板聯(lián)合可吸收材料固定骨折,在一定程度上可克服上述問題,因此,開展同種異體骨接骨板方面的研究具有一定的臨床意義和價值。本文構想用骨板聯(lián)合可吸收材料治療股骨干骨折。作者應用逆向工程技術、斷層攝影技術模擬手術過程建立了兩種分別用可吸收螺釘和鈦合金螺釘固定接骨板的骨折固定模型。通過有限元方法計算,比較兩種模型中每個部件的應力、應變,結果顯示,兩者之間沒有過大差別,為體外試驗提供了一定依據(jù)。在有限元的基礎上,利用羊股骨制作了可吸收螺釘固定組、可吸收螺釘加捆綁帶固定組、鈦合金螺釘加捆綁帶固定組三種模型。在萬能力學試驗機上,分別對三組模型施加了軸向壓縮、冠狀面三點彎曲、矢狀面三點彎曲三種載荷。結果顯示可吸收螺釘加捆綁帶相比可吸收螺釘固定,能承受更大載荷,滿足動物實驗的強度需要,為異體骨板用可吸收螺釘固定進一步安全、可靠及科學性地應用提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Metal materials are widely used in orthopedic surgery, but there are still some shortcomings such as stress occlusion and secondary operation. Selection of appropriate implants is very important to patients, or it can easily lead to surgical failure. The above problems can be overcome to some extent by bone allograft plate combined with absorbable material. Therefore, the study of allograft bone plate has certain clinical significance and value. The treatment of femoral shaft fracture with bone plate combined with absorbable material is envisaged. Two kinds of fracture fixation models with absorbable screws and titanium alloy screws were established by using reverse engineering and tomographic techniques to simulate the operation process. The stress and strain of each component in the two models are compared by the finite element method. The results show that there is no great difference between the two models, which provides a certain basis for the in vitro test. On the basis of finite element method, three kinds of models of absorbable screw fixation group, absorbable screw plus binding band group and titanium alloy screw plus binding band group were made by using sheep femur. Three groups of models were subjected to axial compression, three point bending of coronal plane and three point bending of sagittal plane respectively on the universal mechanical testing machine. The results showed that the absorbable screw and the binding band could withstand more load than the absorbable screw fixation, and could meet the need of animal experiment, which provided the basis for the further safety, reliable and scientific application of the absorbable screw fixation for the allogeneic bone plate.
【學位授予單位】：天津理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R687.3

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