本文選題：虛擬手術(shù) + 質(zhì)點彈簧��； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)得到了越來越多的實際應(yīng)用。在醫(yī)療應(yīng)用方面,通過采用計算機(jī)及其它設(shè)備的結(jié)合的虛擬手術(shù)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行虛擬手術(shù)仿真不僅可以減少手術(shù)訓(xùn)練成本,而且在降低手術(shù)風(fēng)險、培養(yǎng)醫(yī)療人才等方面發(fā)揮著廣泛的作用。本文從虛擬手術(shù)系統(tǒng)軟組織建模與重建出發(fā),以微創(chuàng)虛擬手術(shù)中人體軟組織為研究對象,針對形狀模型的建立、形變以及切割仿真等方面展開深入的研究,主要工作如下:首先,分析了現(xiàn)存各種幾何及物理模型建模方法的優(yōu)劣,比較其各自優(yōu)缺點,為建模奠定基礎(chǔ)。針對幾何模型建立時圖像分割效率較低,精度不高的問題,提出了利用Amira軟件采用自動分割同手動分割相結(jié)合,自動分割繼承手動分割細(xì)節(jié)信息的方式,得到真實度較高的人體軟組織幾何模型。針對質(zhì)點彈簧模型數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ),分析了形變的數(shù)學(xué)過程,建立符合程序設(shè)計要求的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。其次,針對質(zhì)點彈簧模型參數(shù)確定的隨意性問題,提出了利用遺傳算法確定質(zhì)點彈簧模型參數(shù)的方法。采用遺傳算法,利用模擬形變同參考形變間差異大小作為適應(yīng)度函數(shù)求得模型參數(shù)的近似最優(yōu)解,得到準(zhǔn)確復(fù)現(xiàn)實際形變效果的質(zhì)點彈簧形變模型。最后,對虛擬手術(shù)切割方面進(jìn)行研究,提出四叉樹與深度檢測結(jié)合的切割起點搜索方法;利用模型單元重心間距表達(dá)的鄰域信息建立索引搜索所有切割單元;以切割軌跡為基礎(chǔ),依據(jù)網(wǎng)格密度匹配進(jìn)行傷口路徑獲取,針對獲取的路徑點采用區(qū)域向量加權(quán)完成傷口擴(kuò)張實現(xiàn)整個切割操作過程,實現(xiàn)了較高仿真程度的傷口切割效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, virtual reality technology has been more and more practical application. In the aspect of medical application, the virtual surgery simulation with the combination of computer and other equipment can not only reduce the cost of operation training, but also reduce the risk of operation. Training medical personnel and other aspects of play a wide range of roles. Starting from soft tissue modeling and reconstruction of virtual surgery system, this paper takes human soft tissue in minimally invasive virtual surgery as the research object, and carries out in-depth research on shape model establishment, deformation and cutting simulation, etc. The main work is as follows: firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of existing geometric and physical modeling methods are analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared to lay the foundation for modeling. Aiming at the problem of low efficiency and low precision of image segmentation when geometric model is established, this paper puts forward a method of combining automatic segmentation with manual segmentation by using Amira software, which inherits the detailed information of manual segmentation. The geometric model of human soft tissue is obtained. According to the mathematical basis of mass spring model, the mathematical process of deformation is analyzed, and the data structure that meets the requirements of program design is established. Secondly, aiming at the random problem of determining the parameters of mass spring model, a genetic algorithm is proposed to determine the parameters of mass spring model. By using genetic algorithm and using the difference between simulated deformation and reference deformation as fitness function, the approximate optimal solution of model parameters is obtained, and a mass spring deformation model which accurately reappears the effect of actual deformation is obtained. Finally, the research on virtual surgical cutting is carried out, and a cutting starting point search method combining quadtree and depth detection is put forward, and all cutting units are searched by using the neighborhood information expressed by the barycenter distance of the model unit. Based on the cutting path, the wound path is obtained according to the mesh density matching, and the region vector is used to complete the wound expansion to achieve the whole cutting operation process, and a high degree of simulation of wound cutting effect is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R616;TP391.9

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本文編號：1992927