本文選題：股骨骨折 + 單邊骨外固定器　； 參考：《南昌大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:通過測試單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器和傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器在股骨干短斜形骨折模型中軸向壓縮、水平扭轉、三點彎曲的生物力學特性,對比總結單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器生物力學特點,為下一步臨床研究提供可靠的理論依據(jù)。方法:選取長度、髓腔直徑值相仿的成人防腐股骨標本10根,經大體觀察及X線片排除畸形、骨病等,剔除肌肉等軟組織。將同一具尸體左右側股骨標本隨機分為單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器(實驗組)、傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器(對照組)。人為造成股骨中上1/3段短斜形骨折,安裝骨外固定器,將已打上外固定架的股骨安裝在萬能試驗機、扭轉試驗機、Zwick材料試驗機上分別進行軸向壓縮、水平扭轉、三點彎曲實驗;試驗機電腦及采集圖像處理機記錄每次的實驗相關數(shù)據(jù),并將收集到的數(shù)據(jù)輸入試驗機自帶的計算機中,使用SPSS18.0軟件對所有數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計學分析,判定兩種內固定物的力學特征,評價其意義。結果:1.載荷位移實驗組和對照組之間通過計量資料的t檢驗得到P均0.05,兩組實驗數(shù)據(jù)沒有顯著差異,說明新型單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在軸向穩(wěn)定性上沒有什么顯著差異,符合臨床應用標準。2.扭轉試驗實驗組和對照組之間通過兩組間計量資料的t檢驗得到在扭力為10Nm、20Nm、30Nm時,P0.05,試驗組和對照組沒有明顯差異,說明單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在抗旋轉能力上沒有什么顯著差異,但是當扭力為40Nm時,對照組的牢穩(wěn)性優(yōu)于實驗組,證明單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器在這時抗扭轉能力較傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器稍差,在扭力為40Nm時實驗組的扭轉角度增加的8.68%。3.載荷-彎曲位移實驗組和對照組在100N、200N、400N之間通過計量資料兩組間t檢驗得到P0.05,兩組實驗數(shù)據(jù)沒有顯著差異,說明新型單邊多平面骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在側方及前后彎曲在以上力度下沒有顯著差異,但是在600N的情況下,對照組的穩(wěn)定性明顯優(yōu)于實驗組,證明傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器在完全載重時抗彎曲能力較新型單邊骨外固定器較強。結論:1.單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器實現(xiàn)了穿針優(yōu)先,靈活空間的結構。骨外固定裝置能對骨折實驗對象進行對位對線解剖復位,提高了臨床操作上手度、方便治療期間的調整。2.單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器一倍體重下(600N)達到堅強的軸向固定,具有良好穩(wěn)定的力學結構,在側彎應力下由于采用“外向節(jié)”結構,多平面穿針后抵抗彎曲和扭轉的力量稍差,在2/3(400N)倍體重下仍可保持穩(wěn)定性。3.為了提高單邊多平面多軸可調式骨外固定器的穩(wěn)定性,還要繼續(xù)改進其單邊結構,使其更加穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Objective: to test the biomechanical characteristics of unilateral multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator and traditional AO external fixator in femoral shaft short oblique fracture model with axial compression horizontal torsion and three point bending.The biomechanical characteristics of single-sided multi-planar multi-axis adjustable external fixator were compared and summarized to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the next clinical study.Methods: ten adult antiseptic femur specimens of similar length and diameter of medullary cavity were selected. The soft tissue such as muscle and muscle were excluded by gross observation and X-ray film.The left and right femur specimens of the same cadaver were randomly divided into unilateral multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator (experimental group) and traditional AO external fixator (control group).In order to cause the short oblique fracture in the middle and upper third of the femur, an external fixator was installed, and the femur which had been attached to the external fixator was installed in the universal testing machine. The torsion tester Zwick material testing machine carried out axial compression, horizontal torsion and three-point bending respectively.The computer and image processor record the relevant data of each experiment, and input the collected data into the computer of the testing machine, and use SPSS18.0 software to analyze all the data statistically.To determine the mechanical characteristics of two kinds of internal fixators and evaluate their significance.The result is 1: 1.There was no significant difference between the load displacement test group and the control group through the t test of the measurement data (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the experimental data.The results showed that there was no significant difference in axial stability between the new type of single sided multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator and AO external fixator, which was in line with the clinical application standard. 2.In torsion test group and control group, when the torsion force was 10 Nm ~ 20 Nm ~ 30 Nm, there was no significant difference between the test group and the control group through the t test of measuring data between the two groups, and there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the anti-rotation ability between the unilateral multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator and AO external fixator, but when the torque was 40Nm, the stability of the control group was better than that of the experimental group.The results showed that the anti-torsion ability of unilateral multi-plane and multi-axis adjustable external fixator was slightly worse than that of traditional AO external fixator. The torsion angle of experimental group increased by 8.68.3. when the torsion force was 40Nm.The load-bending displacement test group and the control group obtained P0.05 by t test in the range of 100Nm ~ 200Nm ~ 400N, and there was no significant difference in the experimental data between the two groups.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the lateral and anteroposterior bending of the new unilateral multi-plane external fixator and AO external fixator, but the stability of the control group was significantly better than that of the experimental group at 600N.It is proved that the traditional AO external fixator has stronger bending resistance than the new unilateral external fixator at full load.Conclusion 1.Single-sided multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator realizes the structure of needle priority and flexible space.The external fixation device can be used for the anatomical reduction of the experimental object of fracture, which can improve the upper hand degree of clinical operation and facilitate the adjustment of .2. during the treatment period.Single side multiplane multiaxial adjustable external fixator with a single body weight of 600 Ns) achieves a strong axial fixation with a good and stable mechanical structure. Under lateral bending stress, due to the use of "extroversion" structure,The resistance to bending and torsion is slightly lower after the multiplanar needle piercing, and can remain stable at 2 / 3400 N) times the body weight. 3. 3.In order to improve the stability of single side multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator, it is necessary to improve its single-sided structure and make it more stable.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R683

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 沈錄峰;李振肅;董謝平;吳小輝;王錦程;;單邊多平面可調式骨外固定器的設計及生物力學特點[J];中國組織工程研究與臨床康復;2011年52期

2 謝義松;肖四旺;吳官保;孫紹裘;;加壓外固定器加小夾板固定治療脛骨中下段骨折不愈合臨床觀察[J];中醫(yī)正骨;2006年03期

3 宋颯,張長青,蘇琰,眭述平;應用彈力型可活動外固定器械治療近側指間關節(jié)骨折脫位[J];中華創(chuàng)傷骨科雜志;2005年01期

4 韋興,侯樹勛,趙衛(wèi)東,宋占春,張偉佳,李文峰;新型套筒式外固定器的生物力學相關研究[J];中華創(chuàng)傷骨科雜志;2004年08期

5 楊春雷,朱登峰,許峰,李小雙,張暢,高真國,柯繼峰,王建軍;可任意穿針固定及生理應力加壓的骨外固定器研制及臨床應用[J];中華創(chuàng)傷雜志;2003年07期

6 張林;運動對骨力學性能的影響──骨生物力學研究進展[J];中國運動醫(yī)學雜志;2002年01期

7 金偉;JW單邊外固定器的研制與臨床應用[J];中醫(yī)正骨;2001年02期

8 鄧雪梅,劉躍,謝力勤;不同加載速度對大鼠骨生物力學特性的影響[J];中國骨質疏松雜志;1999年01期

9 姚京東,王黎明,徐杰,沈海琦,李廣榮,唐天駟,朱國良,楊惠林;改良AO外固定器的生物力學研究與臨床構型選擇[J];中華創(chuàng)傷雜志;1998年06期

10 董謝平;單臂多平面式外固定器治療股骨粉碎性骨折15例[J];中國骨傷;1996年02期

，

本文編號：1736376