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腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化與腰椎退變性疾病之間的相關(guān)性分析及相互作用機(jī)制的初步探討

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-03-23 16:31

  本文選題:腰椎小關(guān)節(jié) 切入點(diǎn):角度 出處:《南昌大學(xué)》2017年博士論文


【摘要】:研究背景和目的:近年來,人們開始對腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的研究,大多數(shù)研究小關(guān)節(jié)炎引起腰痛的發(fā)生發(fā)展機(jī)制,其中腰椎間盤退變在中老年人群中發(fā)病率比較普遍,這是導(dǎo)致患者腰腿痛的最主要原因,腰椎活動過程中會引起腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)位置也發(fā)生相應(yīng)的改變,而腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)的退變也會影響腰椎間盤的變化,腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)活動的方向與它的生物力學(xué)功能或者與各種病態(tài)改變的相關(guān)性仍存在很大爭議。而在研究小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化方面仍較少。正常情況下,小關(guān)節(jié)的矢狀面朝向有利于脊柱的前屈后伸活動,而限制軸向旋轉(zhuǎn)。研究表明小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化與多重因素相關(guān),本研究將通過系統(tǒng)的分析其中主要包括年齡、BMI、椎間盤的退變、腰椎滑脫以、PI及腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)炎等相關(guān)的主要影響因素,從而來初步探討腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化與這些因素的關(guān)系。以往的研究大多數(shù)考慮單因素方面對小關(guān)節(jié)面角矢狀化的影響。從人體解剖學(xué)可知,腰椎活動功能單位是由前側(cè)的椎間盤和后方兩側(cè)的關(guān)節(jié)突關(guān)節(jié)構(gòu)成,從而形成的穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)——三關(guān)節(jié)復(fù)合體,維持前屈、后仰以及側(cè)彎等基本活動。本研究旨在初步探討腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化在年齡、BMI、椎間盤的退變、腰椎滑脫P(yáng)I以及腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)炎中的發(fā)病機(jī)制,為進(jìn)一步研究小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化的具體發(fā)病機(jī)制奠定基礎(chǔ),從而也引起人們對小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化的進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識。研究內(nèi)容和方法:1.腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與年齡、BMI之間的相關(guān)性研究首先按年齡段≤30歲、31-40、41-50、51-60、61-70、70歲劃分為6個(gè)組,每組規(guī)定30名患者。嚴(yán)格按照納入、排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及入選分組要求,經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格匹配后,共收集2014年9月至2016年10月我院骨科門診及住院的符合入選的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)患者180例。要求所有患者均攝有L3~4、L4~5、L5~S1三個(gè)節(jié)段的腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)磁共振的清晰圖像,并獲取T2WI橫斷位圖像,用于評估小關(guān)節(jié)角度測定,以及對每位患者進(jìn)行身高及體重的測定計(jì)算BMI值,所有收集到的數(shù)據(jù)通過SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。比較不同年齡段間小關(guān)節(jié)角度的變化情況,以及BMI與小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間的關(guān)系,探討年齡、BMI與小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間相關(guān)性。2.腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與腰椎間盤退變程度之間的相關(guān)性研究收集從2014年9月至2016年10月期間我院骨科住院及門診有腰椎間盤退變患者共600例,進(jìn)行回顧性分析:首先按照腰椎間盤退變的嚴(yán)重程度分為輕、中、重度3組,每組入60名,共180名患者。嚴(yán)格按照納入、排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn),及經(jīng)過年齡、性別及體重指數(shù)嚴(yán)格匹配后共收集我院骨科住院的腰椎間盤退變患者180例。所有病例組均采用3.0T磁共振對L4-5腰椎間盤及腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)進(jìn)行掃描,獲取T2WI橫斷位圖像,分別用于評估腰椎間盤退變的分級及小關(guān)節(jié)角度測定,比較不同椎間盤退變的程度與腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間的關(guān)系。3.腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與骨盆入射角之間的相關(guān)性研究回顧性分析我院2013年3月至2016年10月符合入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的患者共450例,所有病例均攝有腰椎MRI及站立位腰椎正側(cè)位X線片,在腰椎MRI橫斷位圖像上測量小關(guān)節(jié)面角;在X線片上測量骨盆入射角(pelvic incidence,PI)。然后將所有病例依據(jù)PI測量角度分為小于正常范圍組(≤35.5°)、正常范圍組(35.5°—54.7°)、大于正常范圍組(≥54.7°),每組30名患者,總共90名符合要求的患者。根據(jù)PI分組,比較各組間的小關(guān)節(jié)面角變化情況,初步探索小關(guān)節(jié)面角的變化與PI之間的相關(guān)性,收集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。4.腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與退行性腰椎滑脫之間的相關(guān)性研究對2015年9-2016年10月在我院骨科門診及住院的300例退變性腰椎滑脫患者及200名無癥狀人員的檢查資料進(jìn)行回顧性分析,最后符合入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的共收集了病例組40名病例和對照組40名病例,要求所有病例組和對照組均有腰椎MRI影像資料,并于椎間盤橫軸位掃描圖像上測量L4-5椎間小關(guān)節(jié)角度。對比分析滑脫患者與正常人群小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間的差別。采用SPSS23.0對測得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)量資料采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)。5.腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)炎之間的相關(guān)性研究結(jié)果:1、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與年齡、BMI之間的相關(guān)性研究收集2014年01月-2016年02月于南昌大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院骨科住院確診為腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者共300例。再依據(jù)納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格篩選后,共有60名患者符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。要求所有病例組均有腰椎CT和MRI影像資料,并于椎間盤橫軸位掃描圖像上測量L4-5椎間小關(guān)節(jié)角度。對比分析小關(guān)節(jié)炎影像學(xué)上退變分級與小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間的差別。采用SPSS23.0對測得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)量資料采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),相關(guān)性分析采用pearson檢驗(yàn)。(1)將年齡分成6個(gè)年齡段,即6個(gè)年齡組,每個(gè)年齡段在分別與L3~4、L4~5及L5~S1三個(gè)腰椎節(jié)段的小關(guān)節(jié)角度比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)病例組各節(jié)段的腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與各年齡段之間具有明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.001);經(jīng)過統(tǒng)計(jì)分析年齡與各各節(jié)段小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間具有高度相關(guān)性(L3~4 r=0.959、L4~5 r=0.794及L5~S1r=0.967)。(2)病例組各節(jié)段的小關(guān)節(jié)角度與BMI(21.31±1.56)之間無明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。2、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與腰椎間盤退變程度之間的相關(guān)性研究L4~5腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與腰椎間盤退變程度之間具有明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.01);腰椎間盤退變分級與小關(guān)節(jié)角度之間具有一定地相關(guān)性(r=0.46)。3、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與骨盆入射角之間的相關(guān)性研究L4~L5腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度的變化與骨盆入射角之間具有明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)差異(P0.01),且隨著骨盆入射角的增大,本身的腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度逐漸減小,二者之間具有高度的相關(guān)性(r=0.926)。4、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與退行性腰椎滑脫之間的相關(guān)性研究對照組和病例組間腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度具有明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.01),小關(guān)節(jié)角度在退行性腰椎滑脫病患中明顯減小。5、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度與腰椎退小關(guān)節(jié)炎之間的相關(guān)性研究經(jīng)過分析比較后發(fā)現(xiàn),腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度的變化與小關(guān)節(jié)不同退變程度具有明顯差異(P0.05),小關(guān)節(jié)角度隨著小關(guān)節(jié)退變程度的加重逐漸減小(r=-0518)。結(jié)論:1、在腰椎上,隨著腰椎節(jié)段位置的下移,橫斷位小關(guān)節(jié)角度逐漸減小;且小關(guān)節(jié)角度的矢狀化與年齡呈正相關(guān),而與BMI及性別無明顯相關(guān),這可能年齡的增加會更容易引起小關(guān)節(jié)退變從而導(dǎo)致角度的矢狀化。2、L4-5小關(guān)節(jié)角度的矢狀化與腰椎間盤退變之間呈正相關(guān),推測腰椎間盤退變的是引起小關(guān)節(jié)角度的矢狀化的主要因素。3、PI大于正常范圍可導(dǎo)致或加重L4~5段小關(guān)節(jié)角度的矢狀化;PI與L4~5節(jié)段小關(guān)節(jié)角度的矢狀化顯著相關(guān)。4、正常對照組和退行性腰椎滑脫組之間腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度矢狀化呈正相關(guān),表明退行性腰椎滑脫可能是致腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化的另一個(gè)主要因素。5、腰椎小關(guān)節(jié)角度隨著小關(guān)節(jié)退變程度的加重,越傾向矢狀化,這說明小關(guān)節(jié)的退變很可能是引起小關(guān)節(jié)矢狀化的重要因素,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致腰椎不穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Background and purpose: in recent years, people began to conduct a detailed study of the lumbar facet joint arthritis caused by small, most of the mechanism of the occurrence and development of pain, including lumbar disc degeneration in the elderly population in the incidence is relatively common, this is the main cause of low back pain, lumbar activities can cause lumbar small joint position is changed correspondingly, and the lumbar facet joint degeneration will also affect the changes of lumbar intervertebral disc, lumbar facet joint activities and the direction of its biomechanical function or correlation with various pathological changes is still controversial. In the study of the sagittal orientation of facet joints is still less. Under normal circumstances, vector sagittal facet for a spine flexion and extension, and the limit of axial rotation. The research showed that the sagittal orientation of facet joints is associated with multiple factors, this study through the analysis of the system Mainly including age, BMI, intervertebral disc degeneration, spondylolisthesis, main influencing factors of PI and lumbar facet joint arthritis related, in order to investigate the relationship between the lumbar sagittal orientation of facet joints with these factors. The majority of previous studies consider the impact on the joint angle of sagittal single factors. We can see from the human anatomy, lumbar spine functional unit is composed of the front disc and rear sides of the facet joint, stability of the three joint complex, thus forming the structure to maintain flexion, lateral bending and backward basic activities. The purpose of this study is to explore the lumbar sagittal orientation of facet joints in age, BMI, intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar spondylolisthesis and lumbar facet joint inflammation in PI pathogenesis, lays the foundation for the further study of pathogenesis of sagittal orientation of facet joints, which also caused people to further recognize the sagittal orientation of facet joints. General. The research contents and methods: 1. lumbar facet joint angle and age, correlation between BMI at age less than 30 years, 31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70,70 years old were divided into 6 groups, each group 30 patients. In strict accordance with the inclusion, exclusion criteria and the selected grouping requirements, through strict matching, were collected from September 2014 to October 2016 the Department of orthopedics of our hospital outpatient and inpatient 180 cases were enrolled. All patients were taken L3~4, L4~5, L5~S1 clear images of the three segments of the lumbar facet joint magnetic resonance, and get the T2WI axial images, for the assessment of small joint angle measurement, and for each patient were calculated BMI value determination of height and the weight of all the collected data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. To compare the changes of different ages between the facet joint angle, and the relationship between BMI and the small joint angle between, To investigate the correlation between age, during the period between the BMI and the small joint angle correlation.2. orientation of lumbar facet joint and lumbar disc degeneration were collected from September 2014 to October 2016 in our hospital inpatient and outpatient department of orthopedics with lumbar disc degeneration in patients with a total of 600 cases were retrospectively analyzed: firstly, according to the severity of lumbar disc degeneration were divided into light in 3, severe group, each group of 60, a total of 180 patients. In strict accordance with the inclusion, exclusion criteria, and by age, sex and body mass index, after strict were collected in our hospital admitted to the Department of orthopedics of the lumbar disc degeneration in patients with 180 cases. All cases were used 3.0T magnetic resonance scanning of the lumbar L4-5 the intervertebral disc and facet joint, obtain transverse T2WI images, respectively for the assessment and classification of lumbar disc degeneration and facet joint angle measured between different degree of intervertebral disc degeneration and lumbar facet joint angle Review of the research on correlation between.3. angle and pelvic lumbar facet joint angle of incidence analysis in our hospital from March 2013 to October 2016, the criteria for patients with a total of 450 cases, all cases were taken MRI of the lumbar spine and standing lateral lumbar spine X-ray in lumbar transverse MRI images on the measurement of joint angle measurement; pelvic incidence in X-ray angle (pelvic incidence, PI). Then all cases were based on PI angle measurement is divided into less than the normal group (less than 35.5 degrees), normal group (35.5 degrees - 54.7 degrees), more than the normal group (54.7 degrees), each group of 30 patients, a total of 90 meet the requirements patients. According to the PI group, the facet joints were compared between groups angle changes, explore the correlation between the changes of PI and joint angle of the collected data were statistically analyzed with.4. orientation of lumbar facet joint and lumbar degenerative sliding correlation between research and Study on 9-2016 2015 October were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of orthopedics in our hospital and 300 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis patients and 200 asymptomatic persons of the inspection data, finally met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were collected from case group 40 cases and control group of 40 cases, all patients and the control group have lumbar MRI image data, and measurement of L4-5 facetjoint angle on disc axial scan images. A comparative analysis between the spondylolisthesis patients and normal population small joint angle difference. Using SPSS23.0 to analyze the measured data, the measurement data using correlation between independent samples t test.5. of lumbar facet joint and lumbar small angle arthritis results: 1, the angle of facet joint in age, study the correlation between BMI from 2014 01 months -2016 years 02 months in the Department of orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Diagnosis of lumbar facet osteoarthritis patients were 300 cases. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for rigorous screening, a total of 60 patients met the inclusion criteria. All cases group were lumbar CT and MRI image data, and measurement of L4-5 lumbar facet joint angle in intervertebral disc axial scan image contrast analysis. Small arthritis image degeneration classification and small joint angle on the difference. Using SPSS23.0 to analyze the measured data, the measurement data using independent samples t test, correlation analysis using Pearson test. (1) the age into 6 age, 6 age group, each age in respectively with L3~4 relatively small, joint angle L4~5 and L5~S1 the three lumbar segment, with statistically significant difference between lumbar facet joint angle of each segment of the case group and the age (P0.001); after statistical analysis of age and each segment There is a high correlation between the small joint angle (L3~4 r=0.959, L4~5 r=0.794 and L5~S1r=0.967). (2) the small joint angle cases each segment with BMI (21.31 + 1.56) was no significant difference between.2 (P0.05), with significant difference between the study of the correlation between the L4~5 angle and the degree of lumbar facet joint of lumbar facet joint angle and lumbar disc degeneration of the intervertebral disc degeneration (P0.01); has a certain correlation between the angle of lumbar disc degeneration and facet classification (r=0.46).3, with obvious statistical differences between the incident angle and pelvic changes between lumbar facet angle and pelvic angle to study the correlation between L4~L5 of lumbar facet joint angle (P0.01), and with the increasing of pelvic incidence, lumbar facet joint angle is decreased gradually, with a high degree of correlation between the two (r=0.926).4, lumbar facet joint angle and degenerative lumbar Study on the correlation between the control group and the slippage between cases of lumbar facet joint angle has significant difference (P0.01), small angle of joint in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis patients significantly decreased.5, orientation of lumbar facet joint and lumbar back relationship between small arthritis through comparative analysis found that the changes of lumbar facet joint angle with different degree of degeneration of facet joint has obvious difference (P0.05), small joint angle decreases with the increase of the degree of facet joint degeneration (r=-0518). Conclusion: 1, in the lumbar spine, with lumbar segment position shift, axial joint angle reduces gradually; and the sagittal orientation of facet joint and age the angle, BMI and gender was not related to age, which may increase would be more likely to cause facet degeneration resulting in sagittal.2 angle, sagittal L4-5 and facet joint angle of lumbar disc back Positive correlation between, that lumbar disc degeneration is caused by the sagittal facet joint angle of.3, PI higher than the normal range can cause or aggravate L4~5 segment facet joint angle of sagittal; sagittal PI and L4~5 segment of small joint angle of.4 was significantly correlated positively, normal lumbar the joint angle of sagittal correlation between group and group showed degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, degenerative spondylolisthesis.5 may be another main factor causing lumbar sagittal orientation of facet joints of lumbar facet joint angle with aggravation of facet degeneration degree, the more likely the sagittal orientation of facet joint degeneration, which is likely to be an important factor to cause the sagittal orientation of facet joints, causing lumbar instability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】:南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:R681.5

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