本文關(guān)鍵詞： 兒童 膝內(nèi)翻 膝外翻 解剖脛股角　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:本研究通過對919例0～7歲年齡段山西省兒童的正常膝關(guān)節(jié)正位片或雙下肢力線片的解剖脛股角的測量,得出0～7歲各個年齡段兒童解剖脛股角的平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差,并繪制變化曲線圖,從而在一定程度上揭示該年齡段兒童的下肢力線發(fā)育演變規(guī)律,為臨床診治0～7歲兒童膝內(nèi)翻、膝外翻及其他膝關(guān)節(jié)疾患,預(yù)后隨訪以及科研提供參考。方法:回顧性研究2012-01～2017-01就診于山西省兒童醫(yī)院,年齡為0～7歲因體檢、外傷及其它非膝關(guān)節(jié)疾患,排除病理性膝內(nèi)翻或膝外翻的正常膝關(guān)節(jié)正位片或雙下肢力線片919例(1505例膝),男554例(925例膝),女365例(580例膝)。將研究對象分為0,1,2,3,4,5,6和7歲八個組,如0歲指0～6月,3歲指2歲7月～3月6月。按要求測量解剖脛股角(aTFA)。結(jié)果:0歲時為膝內(nèi)翻,aTFA約-6.02°,1歲時降至-2.47°左右,2歲之前降為0°達(dá)到雙腿變直,2歲時變?yōu)橄ネ夥?約為5.04°,3歲時增至6.52°左右,達(dá)到膝外翻最大值,之后逐漸降低,7歲降至約2.95°。0歲時女性較男性有更大的膝內(nèi)翻角度[(-7.89±6.07)°vs(-4.88±7.44)°],具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05);隨著年齡增加,膝內(nèi)翻減小程度女性較男性更明顯,1歲時女性和男性aTFA分別為(-0.96±5.70)°和(-3.55±6.12)°,具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05);2歲時均變?yōu)橄ネ夥?3歲時均達(dá)到膝外翻的最大值,且女性較男性有膝外翻程度更明顯,aTFA分別為(7.40±2.98)°和(5.97±3.27)°,具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(p0.05);3歲以后兩性膝外翻程度均逐漸降低,至7歲降至最低,女性與男性aTFA分別為(2.93±2.11)°和(2.95±2.78)°,且在2、4、5、6及7歲各個年齡段aTFA基本接近,沒有明顯統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(㧐0.05)。結(jié)論:0～7歲國人兒童的aTFA測量結(jié)果與其他國家的結(jié)論基本相似,出生時膝內(nèi)翻,2歲之前雙膝變直,3歲時達(dá)到膝外翻最大,約6.52°,7歲時降至2.95°;2歲仍為膝內(nèi)翻,應(yīng)考慮為病理性,需做進(jìn)一步檢查;兩性之間除0歲、1歲及3歲外,其余年齡aTFA差異不大。
[Abstract]:Objective: to measure the tibiofemoral angle of 919 children aged 0 to 7 years in Shanxi province. The average value and standard deviation of tibiofemoral angle of children aged 0 to 7 years old were obtained, and the curve of change was plotted to reveal the developmental law of force line of lower extremity in children of this age group to a certain extent. For clinical diagnosis and treatment of 7 years old children knee varus, genu valgus and other knee diseases. Methods: retrospective study was conducted in Shanxi Children's Hospital from 2012-01 to 2017-01. The age was 7 years old for physical examination, trauma and other non-knee diseases. One hundred and fifty-five patients (554 males, 925 knees) were excluded from the abnormal genu varus or genu valgus. The study subjects were divided into 8 groups (0 ~ 0 years old fingers 0 ~ June) and 8 groups of 7 years old (0 years old, 0 years old, 0 year old, 0 year old, 0 year old) and 7 years old groups (0 years old, 0 years old, 0 years old). Three years old refers to 2 years old July to June on March. The tibiofemoral horn aTFAA was measured and dissected according to the requirement. Results the aTFA decreased to -2.47 擄at the age of 0 when the knee varus was about -6.02 擄and 1 year old. Before 2 years of age, the knee valgus was reduced to 0 擄and increased to about 6.52 擄at the age of 5.04 擄/ 3, which reached the maximum value of genu valgus, and then decreased gradually. When the age of 7 falls to about 2.95 擄.0, women have a greater genu varus angle than men. [Vs(-4.88 鹵7.44 擄(P 0.05); With the increase of age, the aTFA of female and male were -0.96 鹵5.70 擄and 3.55 鹵6.12 擄respectively. There was statistical difference (P 0.05). At the age of 2 years, all of them became valgus genu; At the age of 3 years, the maximum value of genu valgus was reached, and the degree of genu valgus in females was 7.40 鹵2.98 擄and 5.97 鹵3.27 擄respectively. There was statistical difference (P 0.05). After 3 years of age, the degree of genu valgus decreased gradually, and reached the lowest at the age of 7. The aTFA of female and male were 2.93 鹵2.11 擄and 2.95 鹵2.78 擄, respectively. The aTFA of 5 and 7 years old age groups were similar, and there was no significant difference in aTFA between 5 and 7 years old. Conclusion the aTFA measurement results of Chinese children aged 7 years are similar to those of other countries, and the genu varus is the largest at the age of 3 years before the onset of genu varus at the age of 2 years. About 6.52 擄/ 7 years old to 2.95 擄; 2 years old is still knee varus, should consider for pathological, need to do further examination; There was no significant difference in aTFA between the two sexes except 0 years old, 1 year old and 3 years old.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R726.8

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