【摘要】：氧氣是人體呼吸、促進人體機體代謝不可缺少的一種氣體,機體細胞正�；顒佑匈囉诔掷m(xù)不斷的氧供給,恰當?shù)难豕┙o決定心、肺及血液系統(tǒng)功能的協(xié)調。而針對呼吸系統(tǒng)中的FiO2、EtO2、FiCO2與EtCO2等參數(shù)的監(jiān)測可以反映整個呼吸循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的功能狀況,特別是在手術應用中,氧氣濃度與二氧化碳濃度的監(jiān)測能夠幫助醫(yī)生對病人的生理狀態(tài)與儀器的正常使用進行初步判斷,對醫(yī)生的操作有著指導作用,這些應用可有效地提高手術的安全性,保證手術正常有序的進行下去,所以氧氣與二氧化碳氣體濃度的監(jiān)測有著十分重要的意義。目前國內對于氧氣濃度監(jiān)測技術及應用方面十分缺乏,尤其是在順磁氧濃度監(jiān)測技術方面基本處于空白狀態(tài),因此本文提出研制一種順磁氧氣測量模塊,并與旁流式二氧化碳氣體濃度測量模塊集成以形成氧氣和二氧化碳同步測量系統(tǒng)。本文首先根據(jù)目前國內外的氧氣測量方法與二氧化碳氣體濃度監(jiān)測技術的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與應用技術做了調研,對比各個方法的優(yōu)缺點。在介紹了醫(yī)用氧氣濃度監(jiān)測在臨床應用的價值與現(xiàn)有的各個測量方法的同時還介紹了國內外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與現(xiàn)在市場上主流的部分產品,進一步詳細介紹了現(xiàn)有氧氣監(jiān)測的方法及其特點,介紹了順磁法氧氣濃度監(jiān)測的原理和實現(xiàn)方法,以此提出了本文擬研制的氧氣監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計方案,并從系統(tǒng)機械設計、系統(tǒng)硬件設計、模塊軟件設計與PC機評估軟件設計等四個方面完成整個監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計。其中系統(tǒng)機械設計包括了整個測量模塊的氣室設計與氣室內部管路的設計。系統(tǒng)硬件設計的內容包括整體模塊中關鍵器件的選型與關鍵器件的訂制,還包括電源模塊、傳感器信號放大濾波模塊、信號采集模塊與數(shù)字部分電路組成,其中信號采集模塊采用的是外部24位高精度ADC,數(shù)字電路中的主CPU為意法半導體公司的STM32F103系列的單片機。模塊軟件的設計包括了電磁線圈的驅動與外部高精度AD的控制等部分,PC機評估軟件的功能是顯示模塊的工作狀態(tài)與各個參數(shù)的數(shù)值,可以響應下位機軟件的命令也可以下發(fā)命令到下位機軟件部分。算法處理部分詳細介紹了氧氣濃度值的計算與校準實現(xiàn),還對溫度影響進行補償算法的研究。最后對于本課題研制的氧氣與二氧化碳濃度測量模塊的驗證分為了兩個主要部分,首先與國家醫(yī)用電氣設備呼吸氣體監(jiān)護儀的基本安全和主要性能專用要求內的相關要求進行了驗證,后續(xù)與市場上的成熟產品對比了主要參數(shù)的性能。通過兩個驗證的結果顯示,本文研制的測量系統(tǒng)擁有較好的穩(wěn)定性與準確性,其中氧氣的測量范圍0-100%,測量精度為±1%,達到了相關標準的要求。最后總結目前本課題的成果,并對存在的不足與未來的改進方向進行說明。
[Abstract]:Oxygen is an indispensable gas to promote the metabolism of human body. The normal activity of cells depends on the continuous oxygen supply, and the proper oxygen supply determines the coordination of heart, lung and blood system functions. The monitoring of FiO2,EtO2,FiCO2 and EtCO2 in respiratory system can reflect the function of the whole respiratory and circulatory system, especially in surgical application, the monitoring of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration can help doctors to make a preliminary judgment on the physiological state of patients and the normal use of instruments, and plays a guiding role in the operation of doctors. These applications can effectively improve the safety of surgery. It is very important to monitor the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide to ensure the normal and orderly operation. At present, there is a great lack of oxygen concentration monitoring technology and its application in China, especially the paramagnetic oxygen concentration monitoring technology is basically blank. Therefore, this paper proposes to develop a paramagnetic oxygen measurement module, which is integrated with the side-flow carbon dioxide gas concentration measurement module to form a synchronous measurement system of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In this paper, the development status and application technology of oxygen measurement methods and carbon dioxide concentration monitoring technology at home and abroad are investigated, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared. This paper introduces the clinical application value of medical oxygen concentration monitoring and the existing measurement methods, at the same time, it also introduces the development status at home and abroad and some mainstream products in the current market, further introduces the existing oxygen monitoring methods and their characteristics, introduces the principle and realization method of paramagnetism oxygen concentration monitoring, and puts forward the design scheme of the oxygen monitoring system to be developed in this paper. The design of the whole monitoring system is completed from four aspects: system mechanical design, system hardware design, module software design and PC evaluation software design. The mechanical design of the system includes the gas chamber design of the whole measurement module and the design of the internal pipeline of the gas chamber. The hardware design of the system includes the selection of the key devices in the whole module and the customization of the key devices, as well as the power supply module, the sensor signal amplification and filtering module, the signal acquisition module and the digital part circuit. The signal acquisition module adopts the main CPU of the external 24-bit high precision ADC, digital circuit as the STM32F103 series single chip microcomputer of Yifa Semiconductor Company. The design of the module software includes the drive of the electromagnetic coil and the control of the external high precision AD. The function of the PC evaluation software is to display the working state of the module and the value of each parameter. It can respond to the command of the lower computer software or send the command to the lower computer software. In the part of algorithm processing, the calculation and calibration of oxygen concentration value are introduced in detail, and the compensation algorithm for temperature influence is also studied. Finally, the verification of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration measurement module developed in this paper is divided into two main parts. Firstly, it is verified with the basic safety and main performance requirements of the national medical electrical equipment respiratory gas monitor, and then the performance of the main parameters is compared with the mature products on the market. The results show that the measurement system developed in this paper has good stability and accuracy, in which the measurement range of oxygen is 0 鈮，

本文編號：2499583