激光共焦掃描熒光顯微內(nèi)窺鏡研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-20 13:18
【摘要】：激光共焦掃描顯微內(nèi)窺鏡憑借其能實現(xiàn)高分辨率的實時組織學(xué)診斷和一定深度的斷層掃描成像,已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前研究的熱點(diǎn)。醫(yī)生通過激光共焦掃描顯微內(nèi)窺鏡不僅能觀察人體內(nèi)臟器官表面的組織形態(tài),而且可以深入表皮細(xì)胞無需取樣即可診斷病變情況,還可以使用熒光對比劑,特異性強(qiáng),操作簡單。目前,激光共焦掃描內(nèi)窺鏡雖然已經(jīng)有少數(shù)商用產(chǎn)品面市,但是多采用光纖束方案,鮮有國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品,因此研究激光共焦內(nèi)窺鏡有重要意義 本文研制了一種激光共焦掃描熒光顯微內(nèi)窺鏡,采用望遠(yuǎn)式顯微內(nèi)窺光學(xué)系統(tǒng),同時實現(xiàn)長距離的圖像中繼傳輸、遠(yuǎn)心f-theta光學(xué)掃描和顯微內(nèi)窺成像功能。X,Y方向共焦掃描由雙振鏡實現(xiàn),Z軸掃描由壓電馬達(dá)實現(xiàn),低噪聲掃描控制信號由嵌入式系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生,通過三者結(jié)合完成三維共聚焦掃描。激光共焦掃描顯微內(nèi)窺鏡采用小型化設(shè)計方案,主要工作內(nèi)容包括以下三部分：(一)設(shè)計完成大視場、大數(shù)值孔徑、長距離圖像中繼傳輸?shù)娘@微內(nèi)窺成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng),將激光耦合進(jìn)體內(nèi)組織,并將熒光信號耦合至體外探測器,在獲得高分辨率和高對比度熒光圖像的同時,縮小內(nèi)窺鏡探頭直徑。最終探頭外徑尺寸為8 mm,工作長度為250.3 mm,可通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)腹腔鏡手術(shù)孔進(jìn)行體內(nèi)顯微內(nèi)窺成像；(二)采用3 mm通光孔徑的小尺寸平面反射鏡實現(xiàn)體外共焦掃描,擺動頻率為100 Hz,掃描范圍達(dá)到600μm,由嵌入式系統(tǒng)控制實現(xiàn)X,Y快速共焦掃描；(三)樣品含有熒光試劑,激光激發(fā)后高靈敏度PMT器件探測并成像,上傳至PC實現(xiàn)圖像重建和處理。激光控制和熒光探測僅通過電纜和光纖與共焦掃描顯微內(nèi)窺鏡前端連接,將掃描機(jī)構(gòu)放置在體外,減小了顯微內(nèi)窺鏡的前端尺寸和重量。 通過實驗驗證,本系統(tǒng)的成像視場為(?)600μm,光學(xué)分辨率為2.2μm,獲得圖像分辨率為512*320,每4S采集一幀圖像。本系統(tǒng)可進(jìn)一步發(fā)展為三維共焦顯微成像系統(tǒng),采用手持式或者其他方式工作,進(jìn)行體內(nèi)組織的共焦掃描成像,真正實現(xiàn)微創(chuàng)、在體的熒光顯微內(nèi)窺術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Laser confocal scanning microendoscopy (LSCM) has become the focus of current research because it can realize high-resolution real-time histology diagnosis and a certain depth of tomography imaging. By means of laser confocal scanning microendoscopy, doctors can not only observe the morphology of tissues on the surface of human internal organs, but also diagnose the lesions without sampling in the epidermis cells, and can also use fluorescent contrast media with strong specificity. The operation is simple. At present, although a small number of commercial products have been marketed for laser confocal scanning endoscopes, optical fiber bundle schemes are mostly used, and few domestic products are available. Therefore, it is of great significance to study laser confocal endoscopy. In this paper, a laser confocal scanning fluorescence microendoscope is developed, which uses telescopic endoscope optical system to realize long-distance image relay transmission. Telecentric f-theta optical scanning and microscopic endoscope imaging function. X, Y confocal scanning is realized by double vibroscope, Z axis scanning is realized by piezoelectric motor, low noise scanning control signal is generated by embedded system, and X, Y confocal scanning is realized by double vibroscope, Z axis scanning is realized by piezoelectric motor. The three-dimensional confocal scanning is accomplished by the combination of three-dimensional scanning. The laser confocal scanning microendoscope adopts the miniaturization design scheme. The main contents of the work include the following three parts: (1) the micro-endoscope optical system with large field of view, large numerical aperture and long-distance image relay transmission is designed and implemented. The laser is coupled into the tissue of the body and the fluorescence signal is coupled to the external detector to obtain high-resolution and high-contrast fluorescence images while reducing the diameter of the endoscope probe. The final external diameter of the probe is 8 mm, the working length is 250.3 mm, and the in vivo microscopic endoscopy can be performed by standard laparoscopic surgery. (2) the external confocal scanning is realized by using a small size planar reflector with 3 mm aperture. The swing frequency is up to 600 渭 m in the scanning range of 100 Hz,. The X and Y fast confocal scanning are realized by the embedded system control. (3) the sample contains fluorescence reagent. After laser excitation, the high sensitivity PMT device is detected and imaged, and the image is reconstructed and processed by uploading to PC. Laser control and fluorescence detection are connected to the front end of confocal scanning microendoscope only by cable and fiber, and the scanning mechanism is placed in the outer body, thus reducing the size and weight of the front end of the microendoscope. The experimental results show that the field of view of the system is (?) 600 渭 m, the optical resolution is 2.2 渭 m, the resolution of the image is 512 渭 m, and one frame of image is collected every 4S. This system can be further developed into a three-dimensional confocal microscopic imaging system, which can perform confocal scanning imaging of the tissues in vivo by hand-held or other methods, and truly realize micro-invasive, in-vivo fluorescence microscopic endoscopy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH776.1;TN249
本文編號：2461640
[Abstract]:Laser confocal scanning microendoscopy (LSCM) has become the focus of current research because it can realize high-resolution real-time histology diagnosis and a certain depth of tomography imaging. By means of laser confocal scanning microendoscopy, doctors can not only observe the morphology of tissues on the surface of human internal organs, but also diagnose the lesions without sampling in the epidermis cells, and can also use fluorescent contrast media with strong specificity. The operation is simple. At present, although a small number of commercial products have been marketed for laser confocal scanning endoscopes, optical fiber bundle schemes are mostly used, and few domestic products are available. Therefore, it is of great significance to study laser confocal endoscopy. In this paper, a laser confocal scanning fluorescence microendoscope is developed, which uses telescopic endoscope optical system to realize long-distance image relay transmission. Telecentric f-theta optical scanning and microscopic endoscope imaging function. X, Y confocal scanning is realized by double vibroscope, Z axis scanning is realized by piezoelectric motor, low noise scanning control signal is generated by embedded system, and X, Y confocal scanning is realized by double vibroscope, Z axis scanning is realized by piezoelectric motor. The three-dimensional confocal scanning is accomplished by the combination of three-dimensional scanning. The laser confocal scanning microendoscope adopts the miniaturization design scheme. The main contents of the work include the following three parts: (1) the micro-endoscope optical system with large field of view, large numerical aperture and long-distance image relay transmission is designed and implemented. The laser is coupled into the tissue of the body and the fluorescence signal is coupled to the external detector to obtain high-resolution and high-contrast fluorescence images while reducing the diameter of the endoscope probe. The final external diameter of the probe is 8 mm, the working length is 250.3 mm, and the in vivo microscopic endoscopy can be performed by standard laparoscopic surgery. (2) the external confocal scanning is realized by using a small size planar reflector with 3 mm aperture. The swing frequency is up to 600 渭 m in the scanning range of 100 Hz,. The X and Y fast confocal scanning are realized by the embedded system control. (3) the sample contains fluorescence reagent. After laser excitation, the high sensitivity PMT device is detected and imaged, and the image is reconstructed and processed by uploading to PC. Laser control and fluorescence detection are connected to the front end of confocal scanning microendoscope only by cable and fiber, and the scanning mechanism is placed in the outer body, thus reducing the size and weight of the front end of the microendoscope. The experimental results show that the field of view of the system is (?) 600 渭 m, the optical resolution is 2.2 渭 m, the resolution of the image is 512 渭 m, and one frame of image is collected every 4S. This system can be further developed into a three-dimensional confocal microscopic imaging system, which can perform confocal scanning imaging of the tissues in vivo by hand-held or other methods, and truly realize micro-invasive, in-vivo fluorescence microscopic endoscopy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH776.1;TN249
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 雷翔;板條固體激光器光束凈化控制技術(shù)研究[D];中國科學(xué)院研究生院（光電技術(shù)研究所）;2013年
，本文編號：2461640
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