【摘要】：目前,異種(豬)脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)敷料的開發(fā)已經(jīng)成為研究的熱點(diǎn),該敷料可用于不同程度燒傷的治療。已上市產(chǎn)品普遍存在抗菌性能、生物活性、滲透性不足的缺點(diǎn),這限制了該類敷料在臨床上的應(yīng)用。本文利用自制的殼聚糖與脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)復(fù)合來解決該類敷料存在的不足:采用氧化降解法制備并選擇了一種低聚合度殼聚糖(COS),在本課題組前期研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以豬皮為原料,采用物理、化學(xué)、生物相結(jié)合的方法制備了一種異種(豬)脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)(PADM),并通過復(fù)合、交聯(lián)低聚合度殼聚糖(COS),制備了抗菌性殼聚糖復(fù)合脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)敷料(COS-PADM)。本課題重點(diǎn)研究了過氧化氫降解法對殼聚糖降解的影響,對不同分子量低聚合度殼聚糖的抑菌性進(jìn)行研究,并研究了殼聚糖交聯(lián)復(fù)合脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)的制備工藝。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)首先針對反應(yīng)時(shí)間、醋酸濃度、過氧化氫用量等三個(gè)條件對殼聚糖的氧化降解方法進(jìn)行研究。研究表明隨著時(shí)間的增加,殼聚糖分子量不斷降低,其中反應(yīng)第一小時(shí)反應(yīng)速率較大;醋酸含量為3%時(shí),在相同條件下,降解后殼聚糖的分子量最低;當(dāng)過氧化氫用量不斷增加時(shí),降解后殼聚糖的分子量隨之降低,當(dāng)過氧化氫質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為4%以上時(shí),下降速率趨為平緩。對殼聚糖降解的影響,反應(yīng)時(shí)間過氧化氫用量醋酸濃度。(2)對分子量為700、3000、6000、9000、12000左右的殼聚糖對金黃色葡萄球菌和大腸桿菌的抑菌作用進(jìn)行研究,研究表明:對于金黃色葡萄球菌,分子量9000和12000左右的殼聚糖抑菌效果最好,且其最低抑菌濃度為0.25%。對于大腸桿菌,分子量為3000、6000、9000左右的殼聚糖具有良好的抑菌性,且最低抑菌濃度為0.25%。因此,選用分子量為9000左右的殼聚糖與脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)復(fù)合。(3)在脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)上復(fù)合低聚合度殼聚糖,并對其理化性能進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明,隨著殼聚糖用量的增加PADM材料的孔隙率、耐酶解性、抗張強(qiáng)度得到提高,透水汽速率下降。根據(jù)抑菌實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,COS-PADM具有一定的抗菌性,并且隨著殼聚糖用量的提高,抗菌性逐漸提高,能夠一定程度上抑制金黃色葡萄球菌和大腸桿菌的繁殖。(4)根據(jù)以上(1)(2)(3)的研究結(jié)果,結(jié)合敷料的臨床實(shí)際要求和成本考慮,將殼聚糖用量定為3.00%,在該條件下,制備的抗菌性殼聚糖復(fù)合脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)敷料的透水汽速率2947.8 g·m-2.24h-1、孔隙率為93.83%,抗張強(qiáng)度11.91MPa,耐酶解時(shí)間25h。本研究制備的殼聚糖復(fù)合脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)敷料具有一定的抗菌性和良好的滲透性,還具有潛在的其他生物學(xué)特性,基本符合燒傷敷料的要求,為抗菌性脫細(xì)胞真皮基質(zhì)敷料產(chǎn)品開發(fā)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:At present, the development of xenogeneic (porcine) acellular dermal matrix dressing has become a research hotspot, which can be used to treat different degrees of burn. The shortcomings of antibacterial activity, bioactivity and low permeability of the products on the market limit the clinical application of this kind of dressings. In this paper, the composite of chitosan and acellular dermal matrix was used to solve the deficiency of this kind of dressing. A kind of low polymerization degree chitosan (COS), was prepared and selected on the basis of the previous study of our research group. A kind of xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (PADM), (porcine acellular dermal matrix) was prepared by physical, chemical and biological methods using pig skin as raw material and crosslinked chitosan (COS), with low degree of polymerization through composite. Antibacterial chitosan composite acellular dermal matrix dressing (COS-PADM) was prepared. In this paper, the effect of hydrogen peroxide degradation on chitosan degradation was studied, the antibacterial activity of chitosan with different molecular weight and low degree of polymerization was studied, and the preparation technology of chitosan crosslinked composite acellular dermal matrix was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the oxidative degradation of chitosan was studied under the conditions of reaction time, acetic acid concentration and hydrogen peroxide dosage. The results showed that the molecular weight of chitosan decreased with the increase of time, and the reaction rate was higher in the first hour of reaction, when the content of acetic acid was 3%, the molecular weight of chitosan after degradation was the lowest under the same conditions. When the amount of hydrogen peroxide increased, the molecular weight of chitosan decreased after degradation. When the mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide was more than 4%, the rate of decrease became smooth. (2) the bacteriostatic effect of chitosan with molecular weight of 700,3000,6000,9000,12000 on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was studied. The results showed that chitosan with molecular weight of about 9000 and 12000 had the best bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.25%. For Escherichia coli, chitosan with molecular weight of 3,000,6000,9000 had good antibacterial activity, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.25%. Therefore, chitosan with molecular weight of about 9000 was selected to composite with acellular dermal matrix. (3) chitosan with low polymerization degree was synthesized on acellular dermal matrix and its physical and chemical properties were characterized. With the increase of chitosan content, the porosity, enzymolysis resistance and tensile strength of PADM materials were improved, and the rate of water permeability decreased. According to the bacteriostatic experiment, COS-PADM has certain antibacterial activity, and with the increase of chitosan dosage, the antibacterial activity increases gradually. It can inhibit the reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to a certain extent. (4) according to the results of (1) (2) (3) above and considering the clinical requirements and cost of dressing, the dosage of chitosan is determined to be 3.0%. Under these conditions, the permeability of the antibacterial chitosan composite acellular dermal matrix dressing was 2947.8 g 路m ~ (- 2) 路h ~ (- 1), the porosity was 93.83%, the tensile strength was 11.91 MPA, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 25 h. The chitosan composite acellular dermal matrix dressing prepared in this study has certain antibacterial and good permeability, and also has other potential biological characteristics, which basically accords with the requirements of burn dressing. It lays a foundation for the development of antibacterial acellular dermal matrix dressings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.08

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