微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀設計與實驗
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-09 08:59
【摘要】：生化分析儀是臨床檢驗中的一種必備檢測儀器，它通過對血液或體液的檢測來確定人體的各項生化指標，為醫(yī)生診斷病人的病情提供科學依據(jù)。便攜、快速、多參數(shù)、低成本、智能化的微小型生化檢測儀是近年來生化分析儀器的一個重要發(fā)展方向。 本文針對戰(zhàn)場、突發(fā)災難等野外環(huán)境下快速檢測傷病員重要生命特征參數(shù)的需求，，以肌酐（CRE）、氯離子（Cl~-）、鈉離子（Na~+）、葡萄糖（Glu）、血糖（Hb）、二氧化碳（TCO_2）、鉀離子（K~+）七種人體生命特征參數(shù)作為基本檢測對象，提出了基于微型光譜儀的微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀的新思想與新技術；突破了儀器系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設計和系統(tǒng)控制等關鍵技術；解決了高精度樣品掃描、樣品反應體系的高效恒溫控制、高效率電源管理等技術難題；在系統(tǒng)各功能模塊調(diào)試成功的基礎上，結(jié)合應用軟件，對研制出的微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀原理樣機的主要性能參數(shù)進行了測試分析，實驗結(jié)果表明原理樣機各項性能指標均達到設計要求。針對部分生命特征參數(shù)，開展了與標準檢測方法的臨床對比測試實驗，測試結(jié)果表明，微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀基本達到實用化的技術要求。 本文主要研究工作是： ①在研究分析國內(nèi)外微小型生化檢測儀研究現(xiàn)狀和應用要求的基礎上，針對戰(zhàn)場、野外突發(fā)事件等環(huán)境下對人體多項生命特征參數(shù)的快速檢測需求，提出基于微型光譜儀的微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀的設計思想； ②研究了基于光譜分析的多生命特征參數(shù)的檢測理論與方法，提出了基于微型光譜儀的微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀的總體設計方案； ③在分析微小型多參數(shù)生化檢測儀的功能需求的基礎上，提出了系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)方案；設計了集樣品掃描、恒溫控制、磁力攪拌等多種功能于一體的多功能模塊集成樣品檢測池系統(tǒng)，完成了儀器系統(tǒng)的總體布局設計，實現(xiàn)了儀器的微小型化； ④基于微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀信號檢測與硬件控制的功能需求，提出了基于ARM9S3C2440核心板的嵌入式控制電路系統(tǒng)，設計了集電源管理、在線樣品前處理（恒溫和磁力攪拌）、樣品掃描、數(shù)據(jù)采集處理、存儲、顯示、打印等多種功能于一體的嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)； ⑤對系統(tǒng)電源管理、溫度控制、串口、攪拌和樣品掃描等模塊進行測試，各功能模塊正常；結(jié)合應用軟件，對微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀原理樣機的主要性能參數(shù)進行了測試，實驗結(jié)果表明原理樣機各項性能指標均達到設計要求；針對Hb、Glu和Na~+三項生命特征參數(shù)，開展了樣機與標準實驗室分析方法的臨床對比測試實驗研究，測得的最大相對誤差為-6.63%，最小相關系數(shù)的平方R~2為0.973，臨床對比實驗結(jié)果表明，微小型多參數(shù)快速生化檢測儀原理樣機基本達到實用化的技術要求。
[Abstract]:Biochemical analyzer is a necessary testing instrument in clinical examination. It determines the biochemical indexes of human body by testing the blood or body fluid, and provides scientific basis for doctors to diagnose the patient's condition. Portable, fast, multi-parameter, low-cost, intelligent micro-biochemical detector is an important development direction of biochemical analysis instrument in recent years. In order to meet the requirements of rapid detection of vital life parameters in battlefield and disaster environment, creatinine (CRE), chloride ion (Cl~-), sodium ion (Na~), glucose (Glu), blood glucose (Hb), were used in this paper. Seven life characteristic parameters of human body, such as carbon dioxide (TCO_2) and potassium ion (K ~), are taken as the basic detection objects. A new idea and technology of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is proposed. It breaks through the key technologies such as system structure design and system control, solves the technical problems such as high precision sample scanning, high efficiency constant temperature control of sample reaction system, high efficiency power management, etc. On the basis of the successful debugging of each functional module of the system, combined with the application software, the main performance parameters of the principle prototype of the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector have been tested and analyzed. The experimental results show that all the performance indexes of the prototype meet the design requirements. According to some life characteristic parameters, the clinical contrast test with the standard method is carried out. The results show that the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector basically meets the practical technical requirements. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1 on the basis of the research and analysis of the research status and application requirements of the micro-biochemical detector at home and abroad, aiming at the battlefield, The design idea of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is put forward to meet the requirement of rapid detection of multiple life parameters in the environment of field emergencies. (2) the theory and method of detecting multi-life characteristic parameters based on spectral analysis are studied, and the overall design scheme of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is put forward. 3Based on the analysis of the functional requirements of the micro-and multi-parameter biochemical detector, the overall structure of the system is put forward. A multi-function module integrated sample detection cell system is designed, which integrates the functions of sample scanning, constant temperature control, magnetic stirring and so on. The overall layout of the instrument system is designed and the microminiaturization of the instrument is realized. 4 based on the functional requirements of signal detection and hardware control of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector, an embedded control circuit system based on ARM9S3C2440 core board is proposed, and the integrated power management is designed. On-line sample pre-processing (constant temperature and magnetic stirring), sample scanning, data acquisition, processing, storage, display, printing and other functions in an integrated embedded control system; 5 the system power management, temperature control, serial port, stirring and sample scanning modules are tested, each functional module is normal; Combined with the application software, the main performance parameters of the principle prototype of the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector are tested. The experimental results show that all the performance indexes of the principle prototype meet the design requirements. According to the life characteristic parameters of Hb,Glu and Na~, the clinical comparative test of prototype and standard laboratory analysis method was carried out. The maximum relative error was-6.63%, and the square R ~ 2 of the minimum correlation coefficient was 0.973, the maximum relative error was-6.63%, and the minimum correlation coefficient was 0.973, the relative error was-6.63%. The results of clinical comparative experiments show that the principle prototype of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector basically meets the practical technical requirements.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH776
本文編號：2437298
[Abstract]:Biochemical analyzer is a necessary testing instrument in clinical examination. It determines the biochemical indexes of human body by testing the blood or body fluid, and provides scientific basis for doctors to diagnose the patient's condition. Portable, fast, multi-parameter, low-cost, intelligent micro-biochemical detector is an important development direction of biochemical analysis instrument in recent years. In order to meet the requirements of rapid detection of vital life parameters in battlefield and disaster environment, creatinine (CRE), chloride ion (Cl~-), sodium ion (Na~), glucose (Glu), blood glucose (Hb), were used in this paper. Seven life characteristic parameters of human body, such as carbon dioxide (TCO_2) and potassium ion (K ~), are taken as the basic detection objects. A new idea and technology of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is proposed. It breaks through the key technologies such as system structure design and system control, solves the technical problems such as high precision sample scanning, high efficiency constant temperature control of sample reaction system, high efficiency power management, etc. On the basis of the successful debugging of each functional module of the system, combined with the application software, the main performance parameters of the principle prototype of the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector have been tested and analyzed. The experimental results show that all the performance indexes of the prototype meet the design requirements. According to some life characteristic parameters, the clinical contrast test with the standard method is carried out. The results show that the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector basically meets the practical technical requirements. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1 on the basis of the research and analysis of the research status and application requirements of the micro-biochemical detector at home and abroad, aiming at the battlefield, The design idea of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is put forward to meet the requirement of rapid detection of multiple life parameters in the environment of field emergencies. (2) the theory and method of detecting multi-life characteristic parameters based on spectral analysis are studied, and the overall design scheme of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector based on micro-spectrometer is put forward. 3Based on the analysis of the functional requirements of the micro-and multi-parameter biochemical detector, the overall structure of the system is put forward. A multi-function module integrated sample detection cell system is designed, which integrates the functions of sample scanning, constant temperature control, magnetic stirring and so on. The overall layout of the instrument system is designed and the microminiaturization of the instrument is realized. 4 based on the functional requirements of signal detection and hardware control of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector, an embedded control circuit system based on ARM9S3C2440 core board is proposed, and the integrated power management is designed. On-line sample pre-processing (constant temperature and magnetic stirring), sample scanning, data acquisition, processing, storage, display, printing and other functions in an integrated embedded control system; 5 the system power management, temperature control, serial port, stirring and sample scanning modules are tested, each functional module is normal; Combined with the application software, the main performance parameters of the principle prototype of the micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector are tested. The experimental results show that all the performance indexes of the principle prototype meet the design requirements. According to the life characteristic parameters of Hb,Glu and Na~, the clinical comparative test of prototype and standard laboratory analysis method was carried out. The maximum relative error was-6.63%, and the square R ~ 2 of the minimum correlation coefficient was 0.973, the maximum relative error was-6.63%, and the minimum correlation coefficient was 0.973, the relative error was-6.63%. The results of clinical comparative experiments show that the principle prototype of micro-multi-parameter fast biochemical detector basically meets the practical technical requirements.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH776
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