發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-07 18:20

【摘要】：放射性在人們生活中越來越不陌生，并且越來越受到人們的關(guān)注。放射性會造成人體的傷害，尤其是對在高放射性場所工作的人員，如核電站、污染物和廢料的處理站、放射醫(yī)學(xué)治療科、CT掃描科、以及石油天然氣勘探開發(fā)中心等。個人輻射劑量儀是從事放射性工作人員的必備物品，，相關(guān)的放射污染監(jiān)管部門必須對工作在這些放射性場所的人員所受的輻射劑量進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)的掌管與監(jiān)控，以免對其人體造成輻射傷害。鑒于此，本文基于GPRS的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)一種新型的個人劑量儀系統(tǒng)，在GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋的區(qū)域方位內(nèi)，工作人員所佩戴個人劑量儀的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)測量，可以通過GPRS傳輸技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管部門對工作人員所受的劑量當(dāng)量率的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控，避免劑量當(dāng)量率超出最大閾值造成人員輻射傷。本文主要從以下5個層面設(shè)計(jì)了GPRS無線監(jiān)控的個人劑量儀系統(tǒng)： （1）結(jié)合目前個人劑量儀的研究現(xiàn)狀，采用J705G-M計(jì)數(shù)管作為個人劑量儀探頭，利用ATmega32型號單片機(jī)作為MCU來計(jì)數(shù)脈沖，由于G-M計(jì)數(shù)管需要在高壓條件下工作，設(shè)計(jì)了DC-DC升壓轉(zhuǎn)換器產(chǎn)生500V的高壓來驅(qū)動J705G-M計(jì)數(shù)管運(yùn)行。 （2）設(shè)計(jì)一種G-M計(jì)數(shù)管的信號采集電路，并與單片機(jī)技術(shù)相結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)輻射劑量的測量與監(jiān)控。 （3）以Atmega32型號單片機(jī)為核心控制單元，通過IIC總線實(shí)現(xiàn)對EEPROM和時(shí)間日期芯片的控制，并且利用LCD顯示屏將時(shí)間信息、計(jì)量信息實(shí)時(shí)顯示。 （4）軟件程序設(shè)計(jì)主要完成計(jì)數(shù)信號采集程序，IIC總線控制程序，LCD顯示驅(qū)動程序，按鈕按鍵控制程序，GPRS模塊數(shù)據(jù)通信和控制程序等的編制。 （5）個人劑量儀的標(biāo)定以及通過GPRS傳輸劑量值數(shù)據(jù)的驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Radioactivity in people's lives more and more familiar, and more people's attention. Radiation can cause human injury, especially to those working in high radiation sites, such as nuclear power stations, pollutant and waste disposal stations, radiation therapy, CT scanning, and oil and gas exploration and development centers. Personal radiation dosimeters are essential items for personnel engaged in radiation work. The relevant radiation pollution supervision authorities must control and monitor in real time the radiation doses received by people working in these radioactive sites. To avoid radiation damage to the human body. In view of this, this paper designs a new personal dosimeter system based on remote monitoring and control of GPRS. In the area covered by GSM network, real time data measurement of personal dosimeter is carried out by workers. It is possible to realize the real-time monitoring of the dose equivalent rate received by the staff by the supervision department through the GPRS transmission technology to avoid the radiation injury caused by the dose equivalent rate exceeding the maximum threshold value. This paper mainly designs the personal dosimeter system of GPRS wireless monitoring from the following five levels: (1) combined with the current research situation of personal dosimeter, the J705G-M counter is used as the personal dosimeter probe. The ATmega32 single chip computer is used as the MCU to count the pulse, because the G-M counter needs to work under the condition of high voltage. A 500V high voltage DC-DC booster converter is designed to drive the operation of the J705G-M counter. (2) A signal acquisition circuit of the G-M counter is designed and combined with the single-chip microcomputer technology. (3) taking Atmega32 single chip computer as the core control unit, the control of EEPROM and time and date chip is realized by IIC bus, and time information is obtained by LCD display screen. (4) the software design mainly completes the counting signal acquisition program and the IIC bus control program and LCD display driver. The key control program of button is the compilation of data communication and control program. (5) calibration of personal dosimeter and verification of transmission of dosimetry data through GPRS.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.6

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