發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-07 18:39

  本文選題：研究前沿 + 科學(xué)知識(shí)圖譜　； 參考：《中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：二十一世紀(jì)初期是生物醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展的黃金時(shí)期，以基因組、蛋白質(zhì)組、合成生物學(xué)為代表的等新領(lǐng)域、新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，推動(dòng)了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)與科學(xué)研究的快速發(fā)展。識(shí)別生命醫(yī)學(xué)的前沿，對(duì)其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)于醫(yī)學(xué)情報(bào)研究和科技政策的制定都有著重要的實(shí)際意義。 本研究總結(jié)了學(xué)科領(lǐng)域和研究前沿等相關(guān)概念，通過(guò)研究領(lǐng)域的結(jié)構(gòu)和研究前沿的特性歸納了研究前沿的定義，提出準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別研究前沿對(duì)于情報(bào)跟蹤、科技創(chuàng)新、輔助決策、推動(dòng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)展具有重要的意義。本研究還對(duì)識(shí)別研究前沿的方法進(jìn)行了回顧和比較，將優(yōu)化的方法體系應(yīng)用到實(shí)證研究中，并總結(jié)了識(shí)別研究前沿的模式和研究前沿的發(fā)展模式。本文共分五章。 第一章是有關(guān)研究前沿的基礎(chǔ)理論研究。采用文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研等定性方法，從研究前沿的相關(guān)概念、研究領(lǐng)域的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系、研究前沿的特性、識(shí)別研究前沿的意義等方面對(duì)中外科學(xué)學(xué)研究者對(duì)于研究前沿的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)。由于學(xué)科、領(lǐng)域的區(qū)分意義不大，，本研究將不再區(qū)分而統(tǒng)一視為研究領(lǐng)域。本研究?jī)A向于將研究前沿定義為研究領(lǐng)域中為解決關(guān)鍵問題和突出矛盾的最新的的高質(zhì)量研究。主要聚焦于研究前沿對(duì)研究領(lǐng)域結(jié)構(gòu)的改變。 第二章主要是前沿識(shí)別的方法探索。采用定性的方法，對(duì)研究前沿識(shí)別研究進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)。識(shí)別研究前沿的方法主要分為定性方法和定量方法。其中著重探討了定量方法。識(shí)別研究前沿的定量方法大致分為四類，以引用分析、共被引分析、文獻(xiàn)耦合分析為代表的引文分析流派，以詞頻統(tǒng)計(jì)、共詞分析的詞匯分析流派，以作者合著網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析、作者共被引為代表的科學(xué)共同體流派，以及新出現(xiàn)的科學(xué)知識(shí)圖譜流派，對(duì)各種方法進(jìn)行了比較分析。對(duì)科學(xué)知識(shí)圖譜的常用工具進(jìn)行了比較，并探討了數(shù)據(jù)清洗的方法。 第三章根據(jù)識(shí)別研究前沿策略制定的原則，提出了識(shí)別研究前沿的五種策略，并簡(jiǎn)要介紹了五種策略的適用條件。 第四章探討了研究前沿的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與預(yù)測(cè)，通過(guò)定性分析梳理了相關(guān)的預(yù)測(cè)方法，提出了研究前沿的幾種發(fā)展模式，并分析了影響研究前沿發(fā)展的內(nèi)部因素與外部因素。 第五章是識(shí)別生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究前沿與趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)的實(shí)證研究。采用文獻(xiàn)計(jì)量與科學(xué)知識(shí)圖譜等定量方法對(duì)神經(jīng)性毒劑醫(yī)學(xué)防護(hù)研究領(lǐng)域、合成生物學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域、軍隊(duì)健康管理相關(guān)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了研究前沿的識(shí)別與趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)。 第六章是結(jié)論部分。對(duì)本論文的研究結(jié)果與結(jié)論進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的概括，并對(duì)研究中存在不足和局限性進(jìn)行了討論。
[Abstract]:The early 21 century was the golden period of biomedical development. The emergence of new technologies, such as genome, proteome and synthetic biology, promoted the rapid development of social economy and scientific research. It is of great practical significance to identify the frontier of life medicine and forecast its development trend for the research of medical information and the formulation of science and technology policy. In this study, the concepts of subject field and research frontier are summarized, the definition of research frontier is summarized through the structure of research field and the characteristics of research frontier, and the accurate identification of research frontier for information tracking, scientific and technological innovation, auxiliary decision making is put forward. It is of great significance to promote the development of scientific research. This study also reviews and compares the methods of identifying the research frontier, applies the optimized method system to the empirical research, and summarizes the pattern of identifying the research frontier and the development pattern of the research frontier. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is about the research frontier basic theory research. Using qualitative methods, such as literature research, from the research frontier related concepts, research field of structural relations, research frontier characteristics, The significance of identifying the research frontier is summarized in this paper. Since the division of disciplines and domains is of little significance, the present study regards the distinction as a research field. This study tends to define the frontier as the latest high-quality research in the field of research to solve key problems and highlight contradictions. It mainly focuses on the structural changes of the research field. The second chapter mainly is the frontier recognition method exploration. The qualitative method is used to summarize the research on frontier recognition. The methods of identifying the frontier of research mainly include qualitative method and quantitative method. The quantitative method is emphatically discussed. The quantitative methods of identifying the frontier of research are divided into four categories: citation analysis, cocitation analysis, literature coupling analysis, lexical analysis schools of word frequency statistics, co-word analysis, and coauthor network analysis. The scientific community schools and the new scientific knowledge map schools, which are cited as representatives by the authors, are compared and analyzed. The common tools of scientific knowledge map are compared and the method of data cleaning is discussed. In the third chapter, according to the principle of frontier strategy, five strategies are proposed, and the applicable conditions of the five strategies are briefly introduced. The fourth chapter discusses the development trend and prediction of the research frontier, combs the relevant prediction methods through qualitative analysis, puts forward several development models of the research frontier, and analyzes the internal and external factors that affect the research frontier development. Chapter 5 is an empirical study on identifying the frontier and trend prediction of biomedical research. By means of quantitative methods such as bibliometrics and scientific knowledge maps, the research frontiers of neurotoxic agents in the field of medical protection, synthetic biology and military health management were identified and their trends were predicted. Chapter six is the conclusion. The research results and conclusions of this paper are summarized briefly, and the shortcomings and limitations of the research are discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R318

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