本文選題：牙種植引導(dǎo)骨再生 + 脫細胞豬心包　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前用來修復(fù)牙缺失最常用的手段是牙種植技術(shù),但無論是生理性缺牙造成的骨組織吸收還是外傷性缺牙引起的骨組織缺損,常出現(xiàn)骨量不足引起的牙槽嵴過低、過窄或局部有凹陷現(xiàn)象,進而導(dǎo)致種植失敗。引導(dǎo)骨再生技術(shù)(GBR)的興起及臨床推廣應(yīng)用使得上述問題得到有效解決,這一技術(shù)的核心是生物隔離膜對軟組織中成纖維細胞的成功阻擋,生物膜的性能是引導(dǎo)骨再生技術(shù)成功的關(guān)鍵,其中包括良好生物相容性、高機械強度、適當(dāng)降解時間等。本文根據(jù)生物膜的性能要求,以組織工程原理為指導(dǎo),在實驗室現(xiàn)有研究及國內(nèi)外最新研究基礎(chǔ)上,采用新的工藝處理豬心包,保留膠原天然網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上最大程度的脫除各類免疫細胞,并通過復(fù)合殼聚糖來提高心包膜的生物相容性,交聯(lián)提高其降解時間,得到牙種植引導(dǎo)骨再生心包膠原膜,表征了其各項理化性能:(1)為了優(yōu)化確定豬心包的脫細胞工藝參數(shù),根據(jù)本實驗室已完善的豬皮脫細胞工藝(預(yù)處理→脫脂→堿膨脹→脫堿→酶軟化),設(shè)計并探索豬心包脫細胞工藝,采用控制變量法調(diào)節(jié)材料的用量及作用時間,并檢測分析材料的用量及作用時間對脫細胞豬心包拉伸強度、孔隙率、降解時間等理化性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:脫細胞豬心包的孔隙率隨著堿用量、酶用量的提高,酶作用時間的延長逐漸增大,拉伸強度逐漸降低,降解時間隨酶用量的提高及酶作用時間的延長逐漸降低。1.1%的氫氧化鈉溶液處理16h,0.4%的胰酶及0.6%的1398蛋白酶溶液處理2h,獲得的脫細胞豬心包的拉伸強度為5.78MPa、孔隙率為75.09%、降解時間為 1132min。(2)以(1)中優(yōu)化的脫細胞工藝制備了脫細胞豬心包,復(fù)合不同用量的殼聚糖并交聯(lián)得到心包膜,通過檢測心包膜各項理化性能得出復(fù)合不同用量殼聚糖對心包膜性能影響,為第三步的制備牙種植引導(dǎo)骨再生心包膠原膜提供可靠的依據(jù)。實驗結(jié)果顯示:心包膜的拉伸強度、孔隙率及降解時間隨著殼聚糖復(fù)合量的增大均逐漸提高,交聯(lián)可以明顯改善心包膜的拉伸強度、孔隙率及降解時間,殼聚糖在交聯(lián)過程中起到良好的橋鍵作用。殼聚糖最佳復(fù)合量為1%,獲得的脫細胞心包膜的拉伸強度為11.93MPa、孔隙率為79.60%、降解時間為56.5h,制備的心包膜能更好的滿足引導(dǎo)骨再生膜理化性能要求。(3)根據(jù)(1)、(2)中優(yōu)化的豬心包脫細胞工藝及復(fù)合殼聚糖工藝,結(jié)合引導(dǎo)骨再生膜的性能要求,制備了牙種植引導(dǎo)骨再生心包膠原膜,其主要理化性能檢測結(jié)果表明:交聯(lián)后的心包膠原膜為微黃色,光滑面與粗糙面清晰可見,且表面無明顯雜質(zhì);SEM顯示心包膠原膜表面的纖維排列緊密有序,但內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)疏松且呈網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的纖維束之間孔隙明顯,且膠原纖維保持良好的形態(tài),纖維束與纖維束之間亦有更小的纖維連接;新制備的引導(dǎo)骨再生心包膠原膜厚度為0.62mm,拉伸強度為12.46MPa,孔隙率為79.94%,模擬體外降解時間為56.1h,厚度及孔隙率滿足臨床引導(dǎo)骨再生膜應(yīng)用要求,拉伸強度能夠達到純膠原膜的10倍以上,機械強度良好。
[Abstract]:At present, the most commonly used means to repair tooth loss is dental implant technology. However, whether it is the bone tissue absorption caused by the physiological lack of teeth or the defect of the bone tissue caused by traumatic teeth, the alveolar ridge which is caused by the lack of bone quantity often leads to the narrow or partial depression, and thus leads to the failure of the implant. The rise of the bone regeneration technique (GBR) is the rise of the technique. The core of this technology is the successful blocking of the biological isolation membrane for the fibroblasts in the soft tissue. The performance of the biofilm is the key to the success of the bone regeneration technology, including good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength and proper degradation time. Performance requirements, on the basis of the principle of Organizational Engineering, on the basis of the existing research in the laboratory and the latest research at home and abroad, a new process is used to deal with the pig heart bag and to retain the natural network structure of collagen to remove all kinds of immune cells, and to improve the biocompatibility of the pericardium membrane through composite chitosan, and improve its reduction by cross linking. In order to optimize the physical and chemical properties of the pericardial pericardium, the collagen membrane of dental implant guided bone regenerative pericardium was obtained. (1) in order to optimize the parameters of the porcine pericardium in order to optimize the process parameters of the porcine pericardium, the process of porcine heart bag dehydration was designed and explored according to the perfect pigskin decellular Technology (preprocessing, degreasing, alkali expansion, alkali removal and enzyme softening) in our laboratory. The effect of the amount and time of the material on the physical and chemical properties of the porcine pericardium, such as the tensile strength, porosity and degradation time of the porcine pericardium, was measured by the variable method. The results showed that the porosity of the porcine pericardium increased with the amount of alkali, the amount of enzyme, the prolongation of the enzyme action time and the tensile strength. The degradation time gradually decreased with the increase of enzyme dosage and the prolongation of enzyme action time, which gradually reduced.1.1%'s sodium hydroxide solution to treat 16h, 0.4% trypsin and 0.6% 1398 protease solution to treat 2H. The tensile strength of the acellular porcine pericardium was 5.78MPa, the porosity was 75.09%, and the degradation time was 1132min. (1) in (1). The porcine pericardium was prepared by technology, and the pericardium membrane was synthesized with different dosage of chitosan and cross-linked. By detecting the physical and chemical properties of the pericardium, the effects of Chitosan on the performance of the pericardium were obtained. The results showed that the third step preparation of dental implant guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane was reliable. The experimental results showed that pericardium membrane was pericardium. The tensile strength, porosity and degradation time increased gradually with the increase of chitosan complex. The cross-linking could improve the tensile strength, porosity and degradation time of the pericardium. Chitosan played a good bridge bond during the crosslinking process. The optimum compound amount of chitosan was 1%, and the tensile strength of the acellular pericardium membrane was 11.93MPa, The porosity is 79.60% and the degradation time is 56.5h. The prepared cardiac capsule can meet the requirements of the physical and chemical properties of the guided bone regeneration membrane better. (3) according to (1) (2) the optimized process of porcine core dehydration and composite chitosan process in (2), combined with the performance requirements of guiding bone regeneration membrane, the main physicochemical properties of the dental implant guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane were prepared. The results showed that the collagen membrane of the pericardium was yellowish, the smooth surface and the rough surface were clearly visible, and there was no apparent impurity on the surface of the pericardium. SEM showed that the fibers on the surface of the pericardium collagen membrane were arranged closely and orderly, but the internal structure was loose and reticular. The inner structure of the fibrous bundles was obvious, and the collagen fibers maintained a good shape. The fiber bundles and fiber bundles also have smaller fiber connections, and the newly prepared guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane is 0.62mm, the tensile strength is 12.46MPa, the porosity is 79.94%, the simulated extracorporeal degradation time is 56.1h, the thickness and porosity can meet the application requirements of the clinical guided bone regeneration membrane, and the tensile strength can reach 10 times of the pure collagen membrane. The mechanical strength is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R783.1

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