本文選題：聚醚醚酮 + 熔融沉積成型��； 參考：《電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新興特種高分子材料聚醚醚酮(Poly Ether Ether Ketone,PEEK)以其優(yōu)異的機械性能、生物相容性、耐磨性、耐蝕性以及楊氏模量與人體骨骼相近等諸多優(yōu)點,被視為骨損傷修復(fù)和骨骼代替的理想材料,適合在人體內(nèi)長期植入。然而,目前PEEK材料自身只能采用注塑或激光燒結(jié)成型技術(shù)成型制造,限制了其在臨床醫(yī)學骨科手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用。而熔融沉積成型(Fused Deposition Modeling,FDM)作為一種基于增材制造的先進加工技術(shù),擁有高度定制化、制件周期短、制件結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜等工藝特點,克服了PEEK人工骨制作困難、無法定制的缺點,將是未來臨床醫(yī)學一個重要的研究方向。針對PEEK熔點高、粘度大的材料特點以及一般FDM設(shè)備無法完成PEEK打印的技術(shù)瓶頸,本文開發(fā)出了一套適用于PEEK的FDM系統(tǒng),并對成型工藝進行優(yōu)化。為滿足PEEK材料的熔融沉積成型工藝條件,從整機設(shè)計參數(shù)入手,對新型PEEK FDM打印裝備的機械系統(tǒng)進行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,包括傳動系統(tǒng)、機身結(jié)構(gòu)、成型熱床、噴頭系統(tǒng)等,并完成各個機構(gòu)的三維建模與裝配。本文改進了加熱系統(tǒng)及溫控系統(tǒng),優(yōu)化了噴嘴流道內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。采用有限元分析軟件ANSYS對噴頭系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)做模態(tài)分析,得到結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)參數(shù),為噴頭系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供依據(jù)。采用流體動力學軟件FLUENT研究了PEEK熔融沉積成型過程中在噴頭流道內(nèi)的流動情況,模擬得到PEEK熔體的溫度、速度、壓力分布云圖。結(jié)果顯示,成型溫度影響材料的粘度、溫度梯度以及加熱速率,成型速度與流道壓力的大小成正比,噴嘴口速度分布呈中心向外逐步減小。基于熱力學原理模擬了FDM成型過程的溫度場及應(yīng)力場。根據(jù)其工藝特點,運用參數(shù)化編程語言(APDL)以及“生死單元”技術(shù)實現(xiàn)不同成型路徑、成型速度、成型溫度等仿真條件參數(shù)控制,完成FDM成型過程的熱應(yīng)力耦合分析。分析對比不同成型參數(shù)條件下的成型結(jié)果,其中提高成型環(huán)境溫度和沿短邊掃描成型能有效降低成型過程中產(chǎn)生的熱應(yīng)力,為PEEK熔融沉積成型工藝參數(shù)的優(yōu)化提供理論依據(jù)。運用本文設(shè)計的FDM系統(tǒng)完成PEEK標準拉伸件打印。為分析成型溫度、分層厚度、成型速度、材料填充料對PEEK成型件機械性能的影響,設(shè)計四因素三水平9組正交拉伸試驗,分別將拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率作為綜合工藝指標做極差對比并得到最優(yōu)工藝參數(shù)水平組合,為工藝優(yōu)化提供實驗依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Poly ether ketone (PEEK), a new special polymer material, has many advantages such as excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and Young's modulus. As an ideal material for bone repair and bone replacement, it is suitable for long-term implantation in human body. However, peek material can only be made by injection molding or laser sintering molding, which limits its application in orthopedic surgery in clinical medicine. As an advanced processing technology based on adding material, the fused deposition molding (FDM) has the characteristics of high customization, short manufacturing period and complicated structure, which overcomes the difficulties of making peek artificial bone and cannot be customized. It will be an important research direction of clinical medicine in the future. In view of the characteristics of peek material with high melting point and high viscosity, and the technical bottleneck that ordinary FDM equipment can not complete peek printing, a set of FDM system suitable for peek is developed in this paper, and the molding process is optimized. In order to meet the technological conditions of melt deposition forming of peek material, the mechanical system of new type peek FDM printing equipment is designed from the design parameters of the whole machine, including transmission system, fuselage structure, forming hot bed, sprinkler system, etc. And complete the three-dimensional modeling and assembly of each mechanism. In this paper, the heating system and temperature control system are improved, and the internal structure of nozzle runner is optimized. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analyze the structure of the nozzle system, and the modal parameters of the structure are obtained, which provides the basis for the structural optimization of the nozzle system. The fluid dynamics software fluent was used to study the flow of peek melt in the nozzle channel, and the temperature, velocity and pressure distribution of peek melt were simulated. The results show that the molding temperature affects the viscosity, temperature gradient and heating rate of the material, the molding speed is proportional to the pressure of the flow channel, and the velocity distribution of the nozzle decreases gradually in a central direction. Based on the thermodynamic principle, the temperature field and stress field of FDM forming process are simulated. According to its technological characteristics, the parameterized programming language APDL) and the "birth and death unit" technology are used to realize the control of simulation parameters such as different forming paths, molding speed, molding temperature, etc. The thermo-stress coupling analysis of FDM molding process is completed. By analyzing and comparing the forming results under different forming parameters, it is found that increasing the ambient temperature and scanning along the short edge can effectively reduce the thermal stress in the forming process, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the process parameters of peek melt deposition molding. The FDM system designed in this paper is used to print peek standard stretch parts. In order to analyze the influence of forming temperature, delamination thickness, forming speed and filling material on the mechanical properties of peek, nine groups of orthogonal tensile tests with four factors and three levels were designed. The tensile strength and elongation at break were compared as the comprehensive process indexes and the optimum process parameters were obtained. The experimental results provided the experimental basis for the process optimization.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ317;R318.08

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