本文選題：EIT + 水平集分割��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：電阻抗斷層成像(EIT)是通過按順序的在相鄰電極間注入電流,對(duì)其他非注入電流的電極之間的電壓進(jìn)行記錄,并使用一定圖像重建算法將其轉(zhuǎn)化成肺部橫斷面電阻率分布圖。EIT具有對(duì)人體無損傷、成像快、成本低、設(shè)備體積小等的特點(diǎn),可實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)監(jiān)控。迄今為止的大量的研究表明,肺部區(qū)域吸入空氣量同阻抗變化有緊密聯(lián)系。于是怎樣獲得準(zhǔn)確的肺部電阻抗變化同呼吸的關(guān)系成為了現(xiàn)今研究的重點(diǎn)。 本研究使用CT修正的人體胸腔模型,對(duì)肺部呼吸期間的電阻抗的變化原因進(jìn)行了多方面的研究。 對(duì)CT圖像進(jìn)行圖像分割和處理,得到可以用于實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的仿真模型。在圖像分割過程中主要通過水平集分割方法進(jìn)行圖像分割;輔助中值濾波、形態(tài)學(xué)濾波等手段對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行處理;最后通過圖像疊加的方法生成模型圖像。本文在水平集分割的基礎(chǔ)之上總結(jié)出可用于自動(dòng)的分割部分胸腔器官的方法,能夠相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)化模型生成的過程。 而后,利用有限差分法對(duì)生成的模型進(jìn)行計(jì)算,通過對(duì)胸腔模型上的電極加入激勵(lì)電流,對(duì)其他非激勵(lì)電極上電壓的測(cè)定,得到胸腔模型的電阻抗成像結(jié)果。最后,利用在不同呼吸狀況下的兩套胸腔模型(分別位于吸氣終止時(shí)刻和呼氣終止時(shí)刻)以及在實(shí)際測(cè)量中所得的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,證明了胸部尺寸擴(kuò)大、電極位置變化以及組織、器官的位移能夠?qū)﹄娮杩钩上癞a(chǎn)生一定的影響。 本研究利用CT修正的人體胸腔模型,對(duì)肺部呼吸期間的電阻抗的變化原因進(jìn)行了多方面的研究,對(duì)電阻抗成像技術(shù)在臨床上的應(yīng)用提供了理論的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Electrical impedance tomography (EITs) is the recording of voltages between other non-implanted electrodes by injecting currents between adjacent electrodes sequentially. A certain image reconstruction algorithm is used to transform it into a lung cross section resistivity distribution map. EIT has the characteristics of no damage to human body, fast imaging, low cost and small equipment volume, which can realize continuous monitoring. A large number of studies have shown that the volume of inhaled air in the lung area is closely related to the change of impedance. Therefore, how to obtain accurate relationship between lung electrical impedance change and respiration has become the focus of current research. In this study, CT modified human chest model was used to study the causes of electrical impedance during lung respiration. The CT image is segmented and processed, and the simulation model can be used for experimental research. In the process of image segmentation, the method of horizontal set segmentation is used to segment the image; the auxiliary median filter and morphological filter are used to process the result; finally, the model image is generated by the method of image superposition. Based on the level set segmentation, this paper summarizes the method of automatic segmentation of thoracic organs, which can simplify the process of model generation. Then the generated model is calculated by finite difference method. The electrical impedance imaging results of the thoracic model are obtained by adding the excitation current to the electrode and measuring the voltage on the other non-excited electrodes. Finally, two sets of thoracic models (at inspiratory termination time and expiratory termination time) and the experimental results obtained in actual measurements were used to prove the enlargement of chest size. The change of electrode position and the displacement of tissues and organs can influence the electrical impedance imaging. In this study, CT modified human chest model was used to study the causes of the changes of electrical impedance during lung respiration, which provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of electrical impedance imaging.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R310

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本文編號(hào)：1970165